CHAPTER 2 : CELL BIOLOGY

AND ORGANISATION
2.4 LEVELS OF ORGANISATION IN
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
 LEARNING STANDARD
• 2.4.1 Make a sequence of levels of organization in multicellular
organisms.
• 2.4.2 Identify cells, tissues or organs in an organ system.
• 2.4.3 Communicate about organ systems in multicellular
organisms with their main functions.
 CELL ORGANISATION IN MULTICELLULAR
ORGANISMS

 Different types of tissues combine to form organs

 An organ performs specific functions as a result of the different tissues which combine to form organ
 Heart
 An organ composed of

Cardiac muscle Coordinated

tissue contractions that
allows the heart to
pump blood through
the circulatory
system

Nerve tissue Regulates the

heartbeat
Connective tissue Blood connects
heart to other
tissues and organs
Epithelial tissue Found in the lining
of the heart
 CELL ORGANISATION IN MULTICELLULAR
ORGANISMS

 Several organs work together as an organ system which performs a specific functions
 There are 11 major systems in humans
 An organ may belong to more than one system.
All the organ systems are coordinated
and collaborated to form a complete
organism
 Levels of cell
organisation in
plants
Two main systems in plant are the shoot and root
system
LETS TRY ( QUESTION 1 )
 CHLOROPLAST

PALISADE MESOPHYLL CELL

XYLEM TISSUE

R>S>T
TISSUE T IS A HOLLOW CONTINUOUS TUBE

TO TRANSPORT WATER AND MINERAL SALTS FROM ROOTS TO ALL PARTS OF THE
PLANTS
LETS TRY ( QUESTION 2 )

CELL
AMOEBA IS A UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS.

WATER MOLECULE CONTINUOUSLY DIFFUSE INTO AMOEBA THROUGH PLASMA

MEMBRANE

DUE TO DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF WATER MOLECULE

M IS CONTRACTILE VACUOLE.

M REGULATE THE WATER CONTENT INSIDE AMOEBA SP.

WHEN CONTRACTILE VACULOE EXPAND, IT WILL CONTRACT TO EXPEL THE EXCESS

WATER MOLECULE.
AMOEBA SP WILL DIE

SALT WATER IS MORE CONCENTRATED COMPARED TO AMOEBA CELL

CONTRACTILE VACUOLE CONTRACT MORE OFTEN.

WATER MOLECULES DIFFUSE OUT FROM AMOEBA SP.

AMOEBA SPP SHRINK.