Past Perfect (Primus

Linguagens, Códigos e suas
Tecnologias – Inglês
Ensino Médio, 2º Ano
Past Perfect
LÍNGUA INGLESA, 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
Introduction
 Use the Past Perfect when you are
already talking about the past, and
want to talk about an earlier past
action.
Past Perfect
 Use the Past Perfect Simple to talk

about an action (or actions) that
happened before another action in
the past.
When I saw him I realized I’d met him before.

Past Perfect
Grammar in use:
had + past
Form: participle
Past Perfect
• Make sentences in the past perfect with

had / hadn’t + past participle.
• The past perfect is the same for all

persons.
• Be careful: I’d can be I had or I would.

Past Perfect
You
He
Affirmative: She’d seen the film before.
It
We
They
Contractions: I’d = I had

Past Perfect
You
He
Negative: She hadn’t seen the film before.
It
We
They
I hadn’t = I had not
Past Perfect
Short answers
Interrogative:
I
you
he
Had she seen it before? Yes, she had. No, she hadn’t.
we
they
Imagem : A walk to remember 2002/Warner Bros.
Pictures/http://www.imdb.com/media/rm1016629504/tt0281358.
Past Perfect
had seen the film before.

Suddenly he remembered that he
Imagem: Mauritian man, looking,

thinking, hope, victory, expectations
wondering about the future/ Hussein
Afzal/ Domínio Público.
Examples with Past Perfect:
Past Perfect
• I arrived at the coffee bar twenty minutes late and my

friends had already gone.
• When I woke up the garden was all white.

It had snowed during the night.
• I couldn’t get into my flat because I’d forgotten my

keys.
• When our friends arrived we hadn’t finished

cooking the dinner.
Past Perfect
 Past perfect refers to the past of

the past.
Imagem: Grammatical Tense - The Past perfect/ Robbiemuffin/GNU Free Documentation License.
Past Perfect He had already won a
gold medal in the Pan
American Games when
he won a gold medal in
the Olympic Games.
Imagem: Vincent Hancock wins Olympic gold/ The U.S. Army/ Creative Commons
Attribution 2.0 Generic license.
Past Perfect
She had broken the
South American
record when she
won gold medal in
the Pan American
Games.
Imagem: Nancy Johnson/ Tech. Sgt. Robert A. Whitehead, U.S. Air Force/ Governo
Federal dos E.U.A./Domínio Público.
Past Perfect
Past
Perfect
Progressive
Past Perfect
Narrative tense
 Use the past perfect progressive or
continuous to talk about a longer
continuous action that was going on
before the specific time in the past
when the main events of the story
happened.
Past Perfect
Active Grammar
Form: had + past participle (to be) + verb + ing
I was exhausted because I’d been working all day. She went
to the doctor because she hadn’t been feeling well.
Past Perfect The past perfect
progressive tense
describes an action that
started in the past and
continued up until
another time in the past.
Imagem: Sarah Beth Briggs/ Clive Barda/ GNU Free

Past
Perfect
Progressiv
e
Documentation License
Katie had been practicing for weeks
before the concert.
Past Perfect
Examples
:
• When I arrived, the teacher had been speaking for
an hour.
• We had been waiting for the bus for half an hour

when it started to rain heavily.
• When my father arrived from work, we had already

been dinning.
Past Perfect
Grammar Summary about the Past Perfect:
• Completed action before something in the past.
PAST PRESEN FUTUR

T E
• The Past Perfect expresses the idea that
something occurred before another action in
the past. It can also show that something
happened before a specific time in the past.
Past Perfect
Examples:
• I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to

Kauai.
• I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
• Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city
several times.
• Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
• She only understood the movie because she had read the
book.
• Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
• We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not
booked in advance.
• A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.
Past Perfect
Use 2: Duration before something in the past.

Non-continuous verbs.
PAST PRESEN FUTUR

T E
 With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous
uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show
that something started in the past and continued up until
another action in the past.
Past Perfect
Examples:
• We had had that car for ten years before it broke

down.
• By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in
London for over eight years.
• They felt bad about selling the house because
they had owned it for more than forty years.
Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally

limited to Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous
uses of Mixed Verbs, the words "live," "work," "teach,"
and "study" are sometimes used in this way even though
they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.
Past Perfect
 IMPORTANT Specific Times with the

Past Perfect.
PAST PRESEN FUTUR

T E
Past Perfect
 Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible

to use specific time words or phrases with
the Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it
is usually not necessary.
Example:
She had visited her Japanese relatives once in

1993 before she moved in with them in 1996.
Past Perfect
MOREOVER
If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the

Simple Past can be used instead of the Past Perfect when
"before" or "after" is used in the sentence. The words "before"
and "after" actually tell you what happens first, so the Past
Perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences below are
correct.
Examples:
She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she

moved in with them in 1996.
She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she

moved in with them in 1996.
HOWEVER
LÍNGUA INGLESA,
HOWEVER 2º Ano do Ensino Médio
Past Perfect
However:
PAST PRESEN FUTUR

T E
Past Perfect
 If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a

specific time, Past Perfect is not optional. Compare the
examples below. Here Past Perfect is referring to a
lack of experience rather than an action at a specific
time. For this reason, Simple Past cannot be used.
Examples:
She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not

Correct
She had never seen a bear before she moved to

Alaska. Correct
Past Perfect
The end.

Past Perfect (Primus

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Linguagens, Códigos e suas

 Use the Past Perfect Simple to talk

When I saw him I realized I’d met him before.

• Make sentences in the past perfect with

• The past perfect is the same for all

• Be careful: I’d can be I had or I would.

Affirmative: She’d seen the film before.

Contractions: I’d = I had

Negative: She hadn’t seen the film before.

had seen the film before.

Imagem: Mauritian man, looking,

• I arrived at the coffee bar twenty minutes late and my

• When I woke up the garden was all white.

• I couldn’t get into my flat because I’d forgotten my

• When our friends arrived we hadn’t finished

 Past perfect refers to the past of

Imagem: Sarah Beth Briggs/ Clive Barda/ GNU Free

• We had been waiting for the bus for half an hour

• When my father arrived from work, we had already

Grammar Summary about the Past Perfect:

• Completed action before something in the past.

PAST PRESEN FUTUR

• I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to

Use 2: Duration before something in the past.

PAST PRESEN FUTUR

• We had had that car for ten years before it broke

Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally

 IMPORTANT Specific Times with the

PAST PRESEN FUTUR

 Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible

She had visited her Japanese relatives once in

If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the

She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she

She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she

PAST PRESEN FUTUR

 If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a

She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not

She had never seen a bear before she moved to

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