Frog Dissection

DOCUMENTARY
Forem Kathleen Keigh Caldoza; Daphne Seno; Penelope Cuizon; Nicole Desantores; Lovely Ann Tariga
Submitted by:

Sir Exur Buenaflor

Submitted to:

G-5 DMN1
 Ingerophrynus 01. Frog Capturing
Frog for 1st trial was caught from Caldoza residence.
philippinicus Frog for 2nd trial was caught from Desantores residence.

(specimen)
Background 02. Frog Dissection
* Dissection: Step by step
The Philippine Toad is a species of toad in the family
* Locating the frog’s organs
Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Philippines.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest,

03.
subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical
or tropical swamps, subtropical or tropical moist
Frog Deboning & Degreasing
montane forest, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland,
intermittent rivers, swamps, freshwater lakes, intermittent Deboning were done by hand with the use of tweezers.

freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent Frog bones were degreased by Ariel (detergent) and Zonrox

freshwater marshes, intertidal marches, arable land, for the 1st and 2nd trial, respectively. Hydrogen peroxide for

plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, water storage whitening.

areas, ponds, aquaculture ponds, and seasonally flooded

agricultural land. 04. Assembling Frog Bones
Transparent nail polish were applied to bones after
sun/blowdrying. Attached by shoe glue and paper mache
mixture.
 2nd Trial

01.

Frog Capturing (1st & 2nd Trial)

Frogs are vertebrates in a class called Amphibians.
Frogs have similar body systems (like the digestive and circulatory systems) to
other vertebrates like humans, making them a nice specimen for comparative
anatomy. Along with toads, they make up the largest group of Amphibians.

See attached link for full videos: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vgIUrtO-ANgFqcRtWu-

Zj8RUHoCodC6y?usp=sharing

1st Trial

The frog was captured from Caldoza residence. Putted inside a sealed container for
2 days before suffocating it with mothballs (Naphthalene and Paradichlorobenzene) for
another 2 days before it underwent dissection.

2nd Trial

The frog was captured from Desantores residence. Was sealed in an air tight container
for 1 day, proceeded to suffocate it in powdered moth balls which lasted for only about
3hrs. The specimen was then dissected the other day.

1st Trial
 02. Demonstration Of
Dissecting The Frog

1. Place the frog in the dissecting 2. Use scissors to lift the 3. Make transverse (horizontal) 4. Lift the flaps of the body
pan ventral side up. abdominal muscles away cuts near the arms and legs. wall and pin back.
Additional footage found in : from the body cavity. Footage for dissection
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1FYX5- and locating internal organs:
hNdFVUmCna1WGhfo-VQ_4S_JQzc/view? Cut along the midline https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yQpMooieM
usp=drive_link 1-ZiwBM2bmOYhrVbhztJ23D/view?
of the body to the forelimbs. usp=drive_link
0.3

Frog Deboning & Degreasing

The 1st frog was deboned right after dissecting and degreased in a laundry detergent
solution (Ariel) for 2 days. The bones were completely clean yet due to oversoaking, it
resulted to disarticulated Skull, Mandible, Hyoid Apparatus, half of the Pectorial Girdle,
the Pelvic Girdle and Sternum.The mentioned bones and cartilages have melted, thus
cannot be recovered for the bone assembling.

By this being said, we have realized that we should start over with limited time of 5
days to do the process all over again.

The 2nd frog was meticulously deboned by using tweezers right after it was dissected.
The deboning and degreasing process were repeated for many hours simultaneously.
Deboning and degreasing was done by timely soaking the bones in a Zonrox solution.
The bones were then sun-dried for a couple of hours then blow-dried excessively.
Lastly, the bones went through Hydrogen Peroxide whitening before assembling.
 0.3

Deboning & Degreasing

Process
Deboning of meat is one of the stages in the processing of raw meat, during which muscle, connective and adipose tissue, that is, in fact, meat, is removed from
the bone content. Deboning is carried out manually or using special equipment.
Degreasing is a process in which you remove fat trapped inside animal bones. If you don’t degrease bones, the fat will eventually leak out of the bones and
cause them to turn yellow. In some cases, the fat starts to go bad and will rot the bones (hence the bad smells!).

Demonstrate Demonstrate Demonstrate

Bones soaked in Tap water and Deboned using toothbrush and Sun-drying
Degreasing solution. tweezers; repeatedly 1st frog: 2 days; 2nd Frog:
1st frog: 2 days; 2nd Frog: degreased simultaneously couple hours
lesser time

Demonstrate Demonstrate Demonstrate

Nail polishing the bones for Hydrogen Peroxide for Blow-drying

cleaner and shinier whitening degreased bones. 2nd frog: weather wasn’t
appearance. Serves as Bones were soaked for about cooperating. This was the only
additional preservation for 45mins. option
bones.
 0.4

Assembling Frog Bones

Tissue/ Paper mache mixture as cartilages and shoe glue were used to attach
the bones together. The nail polish also hepled in keeping everything from
falling apart.

Fun Fact: The cartilage helps alleviate the strain on the kneecaps, allows the
legs to absorb the shock of jumping and landing and keeping the knees loose
for when the frog needs to jump.

Labeling Frog Bones

Frogs have 24 main bone structures with about 50 bones in total including
the distal radioulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, scapulas, coracoids,
sternum, adioulna, tibiofibula, suprascapula, humerus, sacrum, ilium,
ischium, femur, tarsals, astragalus, calcaneus, metatarsals, atlas, sacral
vertebra, urostyle, tarsal bones, and astragalus.

Rib Bones: Humans have a set of ribs that are attached to the
spine through cartilage tissue. On the other hand, frogs have ribs
that are, in fact, horizontal bones that run across the torso,
making them an integral part of the spine.
 Thanks
“Dissection Documentary”

G5- DMN1