BRONSTED-LOWRY

ACIDS AND BASES

BRONSTED-LOWRY
ACIDS AND BASES

2
 What is the
Bronted-Lowry
definition of
acid and base?
 BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND
BASES
- ACID is a proton donor
- BASE is a proton acceptor
- A base must have an atom with a lone pair 4

so it can accept a proton.

- An acid becomes a CONJUGATE BASE
upon releasing a proton.
- A base becomes CONJUGATE ACID
when it accepts proton.
BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND
BASES
EXAMPLE:

5
BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND
BASES
EXAMPLE:

6
BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND
BASES
EXAMPLE:

7
WATER AS BOTH
ACID AND BASE
 BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND
BASES
- Water can act as both acid and base.
- Between two water molecules, one can
give off proton, leaving hydroxide ion; and 9

the other can accept this proton to become

hydronium ion. This reaction is referred as
self-ionization.
- It occurs because of the amphiprotic
nature of water; it can act as proton donor
and an acceptor.
Activity 1
Write the formula of the conjugate base or
conjugate acid of the following substances:

ACIDS
EXAMPLE:
1. HNO2 11
Write the formula of the conjugate base or
conjugate acid of the following substances:

ACIDS
1.HBr
12

2. CH3COOH
Write the formula of the conjugate base or
conjugate acid of the following substances:

BASES
1.NH3
13

2. HCO3-
3. HPO42-
Write the formula of the conjugate base or
conjugate acid of the following substances:

ACIDS
1.HBr----- Br-
14

2. CH3COOH -
CH3COO -
Write the formula of the conjugate base or
conjugate acid of the following substances:

BASES
1.NH3 --- NH4
15

2. HCO3- -- H2CO3
3. HPO42- --- H2PO4-
 What if there is
no base or acid in
a reaction?
Does water react
with itself?
WATER as both ACID AND
BASE

18
WATER as both ACID AND
BASE

19
THE EQUILIBRIUM EXPRESSION
FOR AUTOIONIZATION OF WATER

20
 IONIZATION CONSTANT OF
WATER (Kw)
- The Kw allows for the calculation of either
hydronium (H3O+ ) or hydroxide ion
(OH- ) concentration when the other value 21

is given.
IONIZATION CONSTANT OF
WATER (Kw)
EXAMPLE:
[H3O+ ] = 6.2x10-5 M Kw = 1.0x10-14 M at 25
o
C 22

Using the formula for Kw :

DERIVED:
IONIZATION CONSTANT OF
WATER (Kw)
EXAMPLE:
[H3O+ ] = 6.2x10-5 M Kw = 1.0x10-14 M at 25
o
C 23
IONIZATION CONSTANT OF
WATER (Kw)

24
Activity 2
 Compute the corresponding[H3O+ ] or [OH] in
each of the following conditions. Describe
the condition as acidic or basic

EXAMPLE:
1. [H3O+ ]= 8.6x10-4 M
26
 Compute the corresponding[H3O+ ] or [OH] in
each of the following conditions. Describe
the condition as acidic or basic

1. [H3O+ ]= 1.4x10-11 M
2. [OH]= 2.7 X10-5 M
27

ANSWER:
2. 7.1 X 10-4 M --- BASIC
3. 3.7 x 10 -10 M--- ACIDIC