ARTS AND CRAFT

OF
LUZON
(Highlands and Lowlands)
 Arts and crafts are important means of
expression, which communicate views,
ideas, and feelings though the use of skills
and imagination. These are important parts
of our daily lives and can be found
everywhere.
 The sculptures and architectures of Luzon reveal
many aspects of the people's culture, traditions, and
history. The elements and principles of art of these
fascinating arts and crafts will lead you to understand the
rich culture and tradition of the Philippines that is handed
down from generation to generation.
 LESSON 1:
ARTS AND CRAFTS OF THE ILOCOS
REGION AND THE CORDILLERA
ADMINISTRATIVE REGION (CAR)
ILOCOS REGION
Architecture
Vigan, considered
as the “Intramuros of the
North,” retains the
Spanish colonial
architecture along its
narrow and cobble- stoned
streets known as Calle
Crisologo.
https://www.tripadvisor.com.sg/LocationPhotoDirectLink-g424958-d1368410-i203249085-Calle_Crisologo-
Vigan_Ilocos_Sur_Province_Ilocos_Region_Luzon.html
Textile
Inabel is a hand weaving technique of the
Ilocanos that is produce using traditional wooden
looms. The different designs represent different
meanings: the dizzying "binakol" weave
represents the waves of the sea. They believe that
this design protects them from bad spirits.
 Binakol weave

https://www.preview.ph/fashion/inabel

Inabel

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Binakol,_Northern_
Luzon,_Abra,_Tinguian,_20th_century.JPG
Pottery
Burnay is an unglazed earthen jar
with small opening.
It is used for storage for water
and
rice grains and as container for salt,
brown sugar, basi (local wine) and
bagoong (fermented fish)
 http://xplorerboyz.blogspot.com/2012/05/weekend-getaway-our-encounter-
with.html#.W4Z58egzbIU

http://lexicalcrown.blogspot.com/2014/11/pagburnayan-in-
vigan.html
PANGASINAN
Weaving
The arts and crafts of Pangasinan include the smoothly
woven Bolinao mats made from buri or raffia leaves, and the
bamboo crafts (baskets, furnitures) of San Carlos.
https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/manila-bulletin/20150214/281852937002212
 KALINGA
Textile
The native of Kalinga are skilled weavers. One of their finest products is their
textile, which is characterized by red stripes and white, yellow, and black geometrical
patterns.
The southern Kalinga women wear the wrap-around skirt or tapis called kain,
which reaches below the knee. It is worn below the abdomen, and when they walk,
one of the thighs is exposed.
The northern Kalinga women wears saya, an ordinary woman’s skirt
covering the body from waist to feet.
The colors used in their textile have cultural meanings: red signifies
bravery; black is for the soil or land; white is for the flowers of the coffee trees;
yellow is for the sand; and green for the mountains.
 http://gridcrosser.blogspot.com/2014/03/rhythm-from-roots.html
http://www.cmcrafts.org/likhang-kalinga
Basketry
The basketry of the Kalinga shows their
fine craftsmanship. The labba is a bowl-
shaped basket made from rattan, with sizes that
vary from 20 to 150 cm in diameter.

https://fayestribalart.com/products/vintage-philippine-tribal-kalinga-labba-
vegetable-burden-basket-12
Tattooing
Tattooing is another form of art of the
Kalinga. Because it usually covers the chest
and the arms, it may be considered as clothing
and decoration. It also signifies a rite of
passage from youth to adulthood, a mark of
heroism, and bravery and one's status in the
community. The design consists of geometric
patterns and lines.
https://windowseat.ph/whang-od-buscalan/
Apo Whang Od, the last traditional Kalinga tattooist

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JYfH9uw1GQA
 IFUGAO
Sculpture
The bul’ul is a wooden sculpture that represents the rice
granary spirits. It is used in rituals that are performed to call the
ancestors to protect their rice fields from pestilence and to ask for an
abundant harvest.
It is a carved wooden human figure with simplified forms.
These are dipped in the blood of pigs during a ritual called tunod,
which means “planting the seedlings in the soil.”
The bul’ul is usually made of narra, which signifies wealth,
happiness, and well-being to the Ifugao.
https://www.lakwatsero.com/destinations/travel-guide-batad/#sthash.DreFfjwS.dpbs

http://www.tribalartasia.com/Tribal%20Art%20Asia%20Ifugao%20Tribe/
APRIL2016/IFUGAO-PAIR-12.html
The amulets of the Ifugaos are called lingling-o or
dinumug. These are made from jade, gold, copper,
bronze, stone and other materials. These are fertility
symbols worn around the neck.
 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE
Textile
Mountain
knowProvince
for their foris
burial cloth their
kadangyan or richfor
people.the

https://www.flickr.com/photos/ding-inkblots/475205455
Wanes – The men's traditional attire, the G-
string.

https://www.icbe.eu/cordillera-articles/675-loincloth-g-string-bahag
 Lufid – a short and
narrow wrap around skirt
that the women of
mountain province wear.

http://gorgeousbrian.blogspot.com/2013/12/philnatmus.html

http://amerigorot.blogspot.com/2010/10/my-siwsiwan-fabric.html
 The Bontocs create
their textile patterns
through the weaving ikat-
method. It is a process
of tying and
dyeing the threads to
prepare the patterns
before they are woven
into the textile.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/530228556100659351/?lp=true
 The Tingguians weave
ABRA textiles for clothes and
blankets. They are noted
for their white textiles with
horizontal stripes found in the
edges (like those in the
bankudo or wrap-around
skirt) or vertical stripes in the
center (like those found in the
balwasi or female blouse).

http://www.choosephilippines.com/do/history-and-culture/5399/5-reasons-to-choose-abra
 THE ARTS &
CRAFTS OF
CAGAYAN VALLEY
& CENTRAL LUZON
 CAGAYAN
BATANE VALLEY
S
Ivatan– people living in the Batanes Group of Islands
Vakul – head gear used to protect from heat and rain
 CAGAYAN
ISABELVALLEY
ATumauini Church – Baroque church of San Matias Apostol
 CAGAYAN
NUEVAVALLEY
VIZCAYA
Bakwat – belt used for mothers after giving birth
 CAGAYAN
BULACA VALLEY
N
Singkaban, Pastillas Wrapper,
Fire Crackers, Goldsmithing
 CAGAYAN
PAMPANG VALLEY
AGiant Lanterns or Parol – created from steel frames
 Arts
Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Arts and Crafts of Luzon
(Highland and Lowlands)
Architectures
The learner:
1. creates crafts that can be locally assembled with local materials,
guided by local traditional techniques (e.g., habi, lilip, etc). (A7PR-Ic-e-
1)
2. derives elements from traditions/history of a community for one’s
artwork (A7PR-If-2)
2. shows the relationship of the development of crafts in specific
areas of the country, according to functionality, traditional
specialized expertise, and availability of resources (e.g. pottery,
weaving, jewelry, baskets) (A7PR-If-3)

3. shows the relationship of Luzon (highlands and lowlands) arts

and crafts to Philippine culture, traditions, and history (Islamic
influences, Spanish heritage, and American legacies in education,
business, modernization, and entertainment, as well as in
indigenous practices, fiestas, and religious and social practices)
(A7PR-Ih-4)
Bricks stone , coral stone Quarried stone limestone
 Are you familiar with the
materials illustrated above?
Where can you find those materials?

What structures can be made

with those materials?
 There are different kinds of materials which can be used in building a
house but there are also things to consider especially the location where
we will build it.

Calle Crisologo also called The

Heritage Village in Vigan, Ilocos Sur is
narrow and cobble-stoned street
touches from Spanish colonial
architecture.

1. They used mortared bricks and

stones for the first floor walls, while
the second floors were made largely of
timber.
Ivatans’ Houses in Batanes Group of
Islands have unique architectural forms.
Walls are made of limestones with reed and
cogon roofs.

The structure, design and materials are

chosen because they are strong enough to
withstand the numerous typhoons and
earthquakes that hit the group of Islands
because of its geographic location
the San Matias Parish Church or
commonly known as Tumauini
Church in municipality of
Tumauini, Isabela. It is an ultra-
baroque church architecture and
well- known for its extensive use
of red bricks. It also ornamented
with carvings of flowers, leaves,
scallops, saints, religious symbols
and other fanciful motifs.
Subic Spanish Gate in Olongapo
City, Zambales has high walls made from locally-quarried stone
connected to the south gate that faced the waterfront. This
also served as the West Gate of the arsenal and faced the
Spanish-era settlement of Olongapo.
It was used as prison facility, entrance and exit gate to the
naval station during the Spanish and American
occupations.
The San Andres Apostol Parish in Masinloc, Zambales is known for the
use of coral stones instead of adobe. The front of the church is divided
into the triangular pediment: two horizontal sections and three vertical
ones. Church façade is mostly a semi gothic style with Neo-classic
structures.
Directions: Describe the following pictures based on how the
elements and principles of arts were used in the architectural
designs. Explain how the elements and principles of arts reflect the
functionality, tradition, expertise, and availability of resources.

Calle Crisologo Ivatans’ Houses Tumauini Church

Spanish Gate San Andres Apostol Parish

In this activity you will use your creativity, imagination, and
appreciation by creating/ constructing your own miniature. You
may use different kinds of materials to make your miniature
more durable through incorporating the designs, and forms of
the highland and lowland object in your creation. The one below
is an example of paper house. You may follow the steps given
however you can still craft your own architectural forms
(miniature cardboard house, mini vintage wooden house,
churches, landmarks and other architectural forms.
Materials:
 Pencil
 Printed materials
 Pen or marker
 Paper
 Glue
 Scissors
 Cutter
 Coloring materials
 Other materials for decorations
Note: You may use this picture as your reference or
printed material
 Procedures:

Paste your printed materials on the hard board.

Cut along its line.

Fold the part which needs to be folded.

Paste the parts to be connected

 Procedures:

Paste your printed materials on the hard board.

Fold the part which needs to be folded .

Add decorative design to your paper house