Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NUCLEUS
First part of protein synthesis:
Transcription
Transcription = DNA RNA
Takes place in the nucleus.
Two enzymes help:
1. Helicase - separates DNA helix
2. RNA polymerase – brings RNA
nucleotides over to be
synthesized into mRNA
Template strand: the side of
DNA that will be used to create
an mRNA strand
Transcribing the Genetic Code:
The genetic code is read three letters at a
time, called “codons” on the mRNA strand
The genetic code (language) from DNA is
transcribed into mRNA during transcription.
The ribosomes
are the only place
to BUILD proteins.
TRANSLATION
RIBOSOMES IN THE
CYTOPLASM
Second part of protein synthesis:
Translation
Translation = mRNA protein
Takes place at the ribosomes
mRNA that was transcribed leaves the nucleus and attaches to
the ribosome.
One codon at a time is matched to a tRNA “anticodon”.
When tRNA sits down at it’s matching codon,
the amino acid it carries is dropped off and
bonded to the protein chain
by peptide bonds.
ANTICODON
CODON
EXAMPLE:
The tRNA molecule for methionine (an amino acid) has the
“anticodon” UAC which matches to the “codon” AUG.
An amino acid chart is used to find out which
amino acid joins the protein chain next!
ALWAYS read the mRNA codon!
Translation Animations
http://207.207.4.198/pub/flash/26/
transmenu_s.swf (very good animation!)
IN YOUR OWN WORDS…
In your notebook, below the drawing-
attaches to a ____________________.
One codon at a time is matched to a ___________________.