Separation of

Mixtures
 Decanting

 Decanting means you are pouring off a liquid

without disturbing the sediment or other liquid
layers.
 You usually use it to separate solids from liquids,
but it can be used to separate two liquids.
Decanting

 When decanting solids from liquids, pour out

the liquid into another beaker.
 Always use a glass stirring rod or a similar
apparatus to help keep the solid from pouring
out and to allow the liquid to run down it and
keep from splashing.
Evaporation
 Can be used to separate a solid from a liquid
in a homogeneous solution.
 Thesolution is heated until all of the liquid
evaporates and only the solid is left behind.
 Magnetic Properties

Two substances can be separated by

their magnetic properties if one
substance is magnetic and the other
is not
The magnet will then attract one
substance but not the other
 Filtration
 A filter is a membrane or layer that allows
some substances to pass through while
blocking others
 You use to separate insoluble solids from
liquids
 The most common type of filtration is
gravity filtration
 Chromatography
 is used to separate the components of a solution (homogeneous mixture)
 A sample of the mixture is placed a little past one end of the
chromatography surface (often, paper)
 The end with the sample is placed in another liquid (solvent)
 The solvent will be absorbed and travel up the chromatography surface
bringing the mixture with it
 Different components of the mixture will travel different lengths up the
chromatography surface
Chromatography
 Distillation
 Distillation is a technique used to separate two
liquids with different boiling points.
 When the first liquid starts to boil, it evaporates
and reaches the condenser
 Water runs along the outside of the condenser,
cooling the vapor and allowing it to return to the
liquid state and be collected at the other end
 thermometer

liquid with a solid

dissolved in it condenser

tube

distilling
flask
 Centrifugation
AFTER
 Spin
sample very rapidly: denser Before

materials go to bottom (outside)

 Separate blood into serum and plasma
 Serum (clear) Serum

 Plasma (contains red blood cells ‘RBCs’) Blood

Check for anemia (lack of iron) RBC’s

A B C
Magnetic Filtration
Filter
Decantation
Evaporation
Centrifugation
Chromatography
Distillation