GROUP 4

THIRD GENERATION REFINEMENT

AND EMPIRICAL TEST OF
OPPORTUNITY
• Miethe and Meier developed an integrated theory of
victimization in 1994, called structural choice theory,
which attempts to explain both offender motivation
and the opportunities for victimization.
• One of the first studies of opportunity theories for
predatory crimes was conducted by Sampson and
woorldredge, who used date form 1982 british crime
survey.
STRUCTURAL-CHOICE THEORY BY
TERRANCE MIETHE
• In 1990, uses elements from rational choice theory and
opportunity perspective to analyze the importance of the
interaction between the variables. This theory is mostly used
to predict victimization through structural and choice
variables.
• The result of this study showed that violent crime rate varies
by race and socioeconomic clustering occurs, supporting
social disorganizations theory that crime cluster in certain
areas.
SAMPSON AND WOORDREDGE
MULTILEVEL OPPORTUNITY
CRIMINOLOGY
• Multilevel opportunity criminology is an approach to
studying crime that focuses on the interaction
between individual-level factors and contextual
factors at various levels. It recognizes that criminal
behavior is influenced by an range of factors, including
individual characteristics, social dynamics and
environmental circumstances.
ROBERT J. SAMPSON
• Is a prominent sociologist and criminologist known for
his work urban neighborhoods, crime, and community
effects.
• He has conducted extensive research on the social
ecology of crime, examine how neighborhood
characteristic and social processes contribute to
criminal behavior.
JOHN H. WOOLDREDGE
• A criminologist who has also contributed to the
field of multilevel criminology.
• While couldn’t find specific information on a
collaboration between sampson and wooldredge
regarding a concept called “multilevel
opportunity criminology”