Mental Retardation

• Prepared by: • Supervised by:

• Farhang Saman • Mrs. Kafya
• Asuda Arsalan
• Sarya Abdulrahman
 What is mental retardation in child?

• Mental retardation is a developmental

disability that is marked by lower- than-
normal intelligence and limited daily living
skills (such as communication skills, social
skills and taking care of self). It is normally
present at birth or develops early in life. It
affects about 1-3% of all children.
 What causes intellectual disability?
• Doctors can’t always identify a specific cause of ID,
but causes of ID can include:
1.trauma before birth, such as an infection or
exposure to alcohol, drugs, or other toxins
2.trauma during birth, such as oxygen deprivation
or premature delivery
3.inherited disorders, such as phenylketonuria
(PKU) or Tay-Sachs disease.
• 4.chromosome abnormalities, such as Down
syndrome
5.lead or mercury poisoning
6.severe malnutrition or other dietary issues
7.severe cases of early childhood illness, such
as whooping cough, measles, or meningitis
8.brain injury.
 How is intellectual disability diagnosed?

• To be diagnosed with ID, your child must have

below-average intellectual and adaptive skills.
Your child’s doctor will perform a three-part
evaluation that includes:
1.interviews with you.
2.observations of your child.
3.standard tests.
Treatment options for intellectual disability

• Your child will probably need ongoing

counseling to help them cope with their
disability.
You will get a family service plan that
describes your child’s needs. The plan will also
detail the services that your child will need to
help them with normal development. Your
family needs will also be addressed in the
plan.
• The main goal of treatment is to help your
child reach their full potential in terms of:
1.Education.
2.Social skills.
3.Life skills.
 References
1-www.aafp.com

2-www.webmd.com

3-www.healthline.com