LESSON 3: THE ROLES OF

TECHNOLOGY FOR TEACHING

AND LEARNING
 3 DOMAINS OF EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
( Stosic, 2015 )
1. Technology as a Tutor
technology can support the teacher to teach another
person
technology can be a tutor on its own

Examples : radio programs, television programs, DVDs or CDs

that contain educational programs
online tutorial educational programs
2. Technology as a Teaching Tool
Technology is like a handyman, which is there
to be reached.
It is used to facilitate and lighten the work of
a teacher.

3. Teaching as Learning Tool

Technology makes learning easy and
effective.
It can produce learning outcomes that calls
for technology-assisted teaching.
A. For Teachers and Teaching

1. Technology provides enormous support to the

teacher as the facilitator.
2. Technology has modernized the teaching-learning
environment.
3. Technology improves teaching-learning process
and ways of teaching.
4. Technology opens new fields in educational
research.
5. Technology adds to the competence of
teachers and inculcates scientific outlook.

6. Technology supports teacher professional

development.
 c
u
l
B. For Learners and Learning
c
a
t
e
1. Support learners to learn how to learn on
s

theirsc own.
a. Declarative Knowledge
i
e
n
discrete
t
i
pieces of information that
answers
f
i
the questions what, who, when
and
c where.
o
u
t
l
o
 fundamental knowledge necessary for students
to achieve more complex high order thinking
skills.
b. Structural Knowledge
facts or pieces of declarative knowledge put
together to attain some form of meaning.
Example: pencil – declarative knowledge
“it is something used to write”
- structural knowledge
c. Procedural Knowledge
knowledge in action or the knowledge of
how to do something.
indicated by a performance task or graphical
representation of a concept

2. Technology enhances learner’s communication

skills
 3 BASIC COMMUNICATION PATTERNS
( Shirley, 2003 ; Egbert, 2009)

 Point to point
two-way or one-to-one
 One-to-many
outbound
there is no social interaction
 Many-to-many
provides opportunities for social interaction

Social interaction occurs in two-way:

• Through technology
between two persons via email, a cell
phone, or other communication technology
• Around technology
interaction that occurs with support of
technology
 BENEFITS OF TECHNOLOGY-SUPPORTED
COMMUNICATION
• Enables teacher to guide learners virtually and
making learning unlimited.
• Enhances students’ freedom to express and
exchange ideas freely
• Enhances learners to construct meaning from
joint experiences
• Help learners solve problems from multiple
sources
• Teaches learners to communicate with
politeness
• Enhances collaboration
• Develops critical thinking, problem solving and
creativity throughout the communication
3. Technology upgrades learner’s higher order thinking
skills.

Critical Thinking
• ability to interpret, explain, analyze, evaluate, infer
and self-regulate in order to make good decisions.
• With the use of technology, one will be able to
evaluate the credibility of the source, ask appropriate
questions, become open-minded, defend a position
on an issue and draw conclusion with caution.
As a role model, teachers should:
• Ask the right questions
• Vary the questions asked
• Use critical thinking tasks with appropriate level of
challenge
• Introduce new technologies
• Modify the learners grouping
• Modify the critical thinking task
• Encourage curiosity
Creativity
• The ability to think flexibly ,fluently, originally,
and elaborately.

• Is not only a set of technical skills, but is also

involves feelings, beliefs, knowledge, and
motivation.
SEVEN CREATIVE STRATEGIES
(Osborn,1963)
• Substitute
• Combine
• Adapt
• Modify/Magnify/Minify
• Put to another use
• Eliminate
• Reverse
What teachers should do to support student
creativity:

• Provide an enriched environment

• Teach creative thinking strategies
• Allow learners to show what they can do
• Use creativity with technology
 What teachers should do to help student
develop their higher order thinking skills:
• Encourage students to find and use information from
variety of sources.
• Assist students to compare information from different
sources.
• Allow student to reflect from different modes like
writing, speaking, or drawing.
• Use real experiences and material to draw tentative
decisions.
• Involve students in creating and questioning
assessment.
• Encourages digital production projects
• Popularizes e-learning modalities
• Enhances global awareness and citizenship.