Passive Voice –

Simple Tense
© Ayesha Rajapakse
මාළු අල්ලනු ලැබේ.
Be verb

The beach is beautiful.

The beach beautiful. [wrong]
He is at home.
 මාළු අල්ලන්නේ ධීවරයින් විසිනි.

Fish are caught by fishermen.

Subject + be verb + past participle + by + actor/doer/agent

කත කෘදන්ත
Passive voice - කර්මකාරක වාක්‍ය

Subject එකට සිදු වන දේ අවධාරණය

කිරීමට අපට අවශ්‍ය වූ විට.
Active Voice Passive Voice
I look after the cat. The cat is looked after by me.
Passive voice - කර්මකාරක වාක්‍ය
When you do not know the
doer/actor/agent.
When you do not want to mention the
agent.
Active Voice Passive Voice

I make cake. Cake is made.

Simple Present - Passive

 The lesson is taught by the teacher.

 The board is rubbed by the monitor.
 The story is read by the students.
I am punished by the teacher.
Uses of Passive Voice

 We use passive voice in formal writing:

 Academic essays
 Formal letters
 Formal articles
 Academic reports
 Journal Articles
Past Participle - කෘදන්තය - V3
Be Verb – Simple Present Tense

I am [I’m] I’m
 You are [You’re] You’re
 He/She/It/Singular Noun is [He’s/She’s/It’s
 Jenny is punished.
 We are [We’re]
 They are [They’re]
 Plural Noun are Children are punished.
 Simple Present Tense Passive Voice
Passive Voice
1. I am taught by the teacher.
2. You are taught by the
lecturer.
3. He/She/It is scolded by
mum.
4. We are punished by our
parents.
5. They are hurt by his words.
6. The children are mocked by
the bully.
Sinhala Translation
1. මට උගන්වන්නේ ගුරුවරයා විසිනි.
2. ඔබට උගන්වනු ලබන්නේ
කථිකාචාර්යවරයා විසිනි.
3. ඔහු/එයා/ඇය අම්මගෙන් බැනුම්
අසනු ලැබේ.
4. අපි අපේ දෙමාපියන්ගෙන් දඬුවම්
ලබනවා.
5. ඔවුන් සිත් තැවුලට පත්වනු ඇත
ඔහුගේ වචනවලින් .
6. හිරිහැර කරන්නා විසින් ළමයින්
සමච්චලයට ලක් වේ.
Flower plants are watered by me.
Played, flown, made, ridden

1. Kites are flown by the

children.
2. Volleyball is played by the
children.
3. The surf board is ridden by
the girl.
4. Sandcastles are made by
Sandcastlesare made with sand.
Cake is made with flour.
Gathered
First, the ingredients are gathered.
Added - Next, the ingredients are
added into a bowl.
Sifted – The flour is sifted into the
bowl.
Beaten – The ingredients are beaten.
Mixed – Eggs are mixed in the batter.
Poured – The batter is poured into a
baking tray.
Baked – The cake is baked.
Spread – Icing is spread on the cake.
Decorated - The cake is decorated.
Picked, packed, transported, washed,
selected, pressed, poured, labelled
 1.) Apples are picked. Apples are not picked.
 2.) Apples are packed into boxes.
 3.) Apples are transported to the factory.
 4.) Apples are washed in the factory.
 5.) Good apples are selected.
 6.) Apples are pressed in a machine.
 7.) Apple juice is poured into bottles.
 8.) The bottles are labelled.
Harvested, peeled, chopped, pressed, mixed,
added, stirred, canned
1.) Pineapples are harvested.
2.) Pineapples are peeled.
3.) Pineapples are chopped.
4.) Pineapples are pressed to get pulp.
5.) Water is added to the pulp.
6.) Sugar is added to the pineapple.
7.) Sugar is stirred.
8.) Pineapple juice is canned.
Broken, hit, caught
1.) The wicket is broken by the ball.
 2.) The ball is hit by the bat.
3.) The ball is caught by fielders.
Painted, taught

 The painting is painted by the artist.

 The lesson is taught by the teacher.
Grown, harvested, collected, fermented, dried, put, transported,
crushed, removed, pressed
1.) Cacao trees are grown in South
America, Africa and Indonesia.

2.) Pods are harvested.

3.) White cocoa beans are collected.
4.) The cocoa beans are fermented.
5.) The cocoa beans are dried in the sun.
7.) The cocoa beans are put into large
sacks.
8.) The cocoa beans are transported to the
factory.
9.) The coco beans are roasted.
10.) The roasted cocoa beans are crushed.
11.) The outer shell of cocoa beans is
removed.
12.) The inner part is pressed to make
liquid chocolate.
Read, written, enacted, made, sewn

 Books are read by children.

 Books are written by authors.
 Poems are written by poets.
 Characters are enacted by actors/actresses.
 Lessons are made by the teacher.
 Costumes/Clothes are sewn by tailors/seamstresses.
 Interrogative Form?

 Be + Subject + V3 + by + agent?

 Am I taught by you?
 Are you heard by the teacher?
 Is he/she/it/singular noun injured?
 Are we informed enough?
 Are they saved for a rainy day?
 Are the children pardoned by the Principal?
 Negative Passive –Simple
Present Tense
Subject + Be Verb + not + Past
Participle

Cakeis not made by me.

Smoothies aren’t served at Starbucks.
 Sushi is not served at Starbucks.
 Biriyani is not served at Starbucks.
 Fried rice is not served at Starbucks.

Caramel macchiato is served but not

with the topping you want/need.
Caramel macchiato is not served with
the topping you want.
 Latte is served but not in the cup you want.
 Latte is not served in the cup you want.
 The coffee drink you want is offered but
not in the size you want.
 Donuts are served, but we’ve [we have] run
out of them right now.
 Donuts are served, but they are out of
stock right now.
 The Phillips camera is out of stock now.
 Be Verb –Negative Form –
Simple Present Tense
Complete Form Contracted Form/Shortened Form

I am not I’m not

You are not You aren’t
He/She/It/ He/she/It isn’t
Singular Noun is not We aren’t
We are not They aren’t
They are not Plural noun aren’t
Plural Noun are not
 Negative Form – Passive Voice
Complete Negative Form
1. I am not scolded by mum.
2. You are not hurt by his words.
3. He/She/It is not punished by the
teacher.
4. We are not hit by the ball.
5. They are not insulted by the
arrogant man.
6. The children are not interrogated
by the police.
Contracted Negative Form
1. I’m not scolded by mum.
2. You aren’t hurt by his words.
3. He/She/It isn’t punished by the
teacher.
4. We aren’t hit by the ball.
5. They aren’t insulted by the
arrogant man.
6. The children aren’t interrogated by
the police.
Interrogative Form

 Be + Subject + not + past participle

 Aren’t/Isn’t + subject + not + past participle

 Am I not taught by you?

 Aren’t I taught by you?
Interrogative Form – Be + Subject + not
+ past participle
Complete Form
1. Am I not taught by you?
2. Are you not injured?
3. Is he/she/it/singular noun not
blamed?
4. Are we not scolded by the boss?
5. Are they not hurt by his words?
6. Are the children not offended
by the comment?
Contracted Form
1. Aren’t I taught by you?
2. Aren’t you injured?
3. Isn’t he/she/it/singular noun
blamed?
4. Aren’t we scolded by the boss?
5. Aren’t they hurt by his words?
6. Aren’t the children offended by
the comment?
 Interrogative Form -
 Was/Were + Subject + Past Participle + Rest?

 Was I seen at the party?

 Were you treated well by him?
 Was he/she/it/singular noun introduced by him?
 Were we hugged by mum?
 Were they punished by the teacher?
 Were the kids found?