NATURE -

VOCABULARY
©AYESHA ROSE
Nature

ස්වභාව
ධර්මය
Nature
Nature is all the
animals, plants,
and other things
that are not
made by humans.
 Nature
•I like taking photographs of nature.

•I like taking photographs of natures.

When we talk in general, we do not use
“the” in front of the word “nature”.

I like taking photographs

of the nature.
 But
• If you are talking about nature specifically, you
can use “the”

• What do you like the most about Sri Lanka?

• I like the nature of Sri Lanka the most.

Environment - පරිසරය
 The environment
• The environment refers to the natural world as a whole.
So, you don’t normally pluralize it when you talk in that
sense.

• When we talk about the environment in general, we use

“the” in front of the word “environment”.

• The environment is rich in flora and fauna.

 Environments
•Plants grow in different environments.

•In this sentence, we are talking about different

environments.

•Then you can pluralize the word environment by

adding “s” – environments.
• Extreme environments –
• An extreme environment is an environment characterized by harsh
environmental conditions, beyond the optimal range for the
development of humans.
• Optimal range means the best range.
Extreme Environments
• Extreme environments can be extremely cold or extremely hot or may
be under high pressure.
• pH 2 or 11,
• −20°C or 113°C,
• saturating salt concentrations,
• high radiation,
• 200 bars of pressure,
 Topography -
Topography refers
to the physical
features in an area.
Topography
includes
mountains, hills,
valleys, lakes,
oceans, etc.
 Water bodies
A water body is a body of water
forming a physiographical feature.

Physiographical features refer to

physical geographical features.
 Ocean - සාගරය

Plural –
Oceans
 Sea - මුහුද
Plural –
Seas
 Inland sea - අභ්‍යන්තර මුහුද

Plural –
Seas
 Trench - ආගාධය

Plural – Trenches
Lagoon - කලපුව
Bay - මුහුදු බොක්ක
Gulf - විශාල මුහුදු
බොක්ක
Strait - සමුද්‍ර සන්ධිය
 Waterfall - දිය ඇල්ල

Plural -
Waterfalls
 River - ගංගාව

Plural – Rivers
Stream - කුඩා දියපාර/ දිය ධාරාව

Plural –
Streams
 Creek - කුඩා ගඟ
Plural –
Creeks
Pond - පොකුණ
Oasis - ක්ෂේම භූමිය
Glacier
Ice-berg -
 Reef - පරය
Plural –
Reefs
 Field - පිටිය/භූමිය

• Plural - Fields
Paddy Field
 Mountain - කන්ද
• Plural – Mountains
 Mountain Range -
කඳුවැටිය
Plural –
Mountain
ranges
 Coast - වෙරළ
Plural –
Coasts
 Valley - නිම්නය

• Plural – Valleys
 Hill - මිටි කන්ද
Plural –
Hills
Hillock – කුඩා කඳුගැටය

• Plural – Hillocks
 Cliff - කඳු ප්‍රපාතය

• Plural – Cliffs
Canyon
 Island - දුපත

• Plural – Islands
Archipelago - දුපත් සමූහය
 Peninsula - අර්ධද්වීපය

• Plural – Peninsulas
Continent
Country
Forest - වනාන්තරය

• Plural – Forests
Rainforest - වැසි වනාන්තරය
Jungle - කැලෑව
Jungle Vs Forest
Marsh - වගුර
Swamp - වගුරු බිම
Desert - කාන්තාරය
Arid Desert
Polar Desert