GREEN

BUILDING
MATERIALS
NEWSPAPER
WOOD
WHAT IS NEWSPAPER WOOD
 NEWSPAPER WOOD
 Newspaper wood It is newspaper that is collected
and pressed with glue to form a solid material such as
wood
 PRODUCTION
 The manufacturing process is similar to MDF, but by laying a newspaper on top of each other and pressing
them into sheets. Or by wrapping newspapers on each other to form a different texture.
 Newspaper Wood shows a reversing of a traditional production process; not from wood to paper, but the
other way around. When a Newspaper Wood log is cut, the layers of paper appear like lines of a wood grain
or the rings of a tree and therefore resembles the aesthetic of real wood. The material can be cut, milled and
sanded and generally treated like any other type of wood
NEWSPAPER WOOD
 NewspaperWood was used professionally and as we
can see we can use nails to stabilize the wood pieces,
It also has a smooth texture because it responds to the
sander machine.

 common areas of usage : It is just like wood and is

used in the manufacture of furniture and even
accessories due to its unique beauty
PAPERLESS
DRYWALL
WHAT IS PAPERLESS DRYWALL?
Paperless drywall is a type of drywall that does not use paper
facing on the surface. Instead, it uses fiberglass matting to
reinforce the gypsum core. This makes it more resistant to
moisture and mold than traditional drywall.

In addition to its increased resistance to moisture and mold,

paperless drywall also has better fire resistance than traditional
drywall. This is because the fiberglass matting used in paperless
drywall is non-combustible, which means it will not contribute
to the spread of flames in the event of a fire.
ADVANTAGES OVER
TRADITIONAL DRYWALL
Paperless drywall is a revolutionary building material that offers
numerous advantages over traditional drywall. Not only is it more
resistant to moisture, mold, and fire, but it is also easier to install
and maintain. In addition, paperless drywall has environmental
benefits that make it an attractive option for environmentally
conscious consumers.
MOISTURE AND MOLD
RESISTANCE
Paperless drywall is made from a fiberglass mat instead of
paper, which makes it more resistant to moisture and mold.
When traditional drywall gets wet, the paper on the surface
can easily become damaged, leading to mold growth and
other issues. Paperless drywall, on the other hand, can
withstand exposure to moisture without compromising its
structural integrity.
FIRE RESISTANCE
Paperless drywall is a revolutionary product that
offers superior fire resistance compared to
traditional drywall. This is due to the absence of
paper, which is highly flammable and can contribute
to the spread of fire.

In fact, paperless drywall has been shown to provide

up to four times the fire resistance of traditional
drywall. This makes it an ideal choice for homes and
buildings where fire safety is a top priority.
APPLICATION OF PAPERLESS
DRYWALL
Paperless drywall can be used in any area where standard
drywall can be used, and it is recommended by manufacturers
for use especially in areas where higher moisture levels could
raise concerns about mold. Bathrooms, kitchens, basements
and garages are all areas that could possibly benefit from the
installation of paperless drywall. While paperless drywall is
more water-resistant than traditional drywall, it is not
intended for use in conditions where it will be exposed
regularly to water, such as inside a shower stall.
INSTALLATION
There has been some discussion, especially among professional
drywall installers, about issues related to finishing and installation of
paperless drywall. The fiberglass covering is far more rigid than the
traditional paper covering. While this can be beneficial because it
adds to the surface strength of the drywall, it has also proven to be
problematic in some instances where installers have run into trouble
mounting the drywall with screws.
ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
One of the biggest advantages of paperless drywall is its positive impact
on the environment. Unlike traditional drywall, which requires a
significant amount of water and energy to produce, paperless drywall is
made from recycled materials and uses less water and energy in the
manufacturing process. This means that by choosing paperless drywall,
builders and homeowners can help reduce their carbon footprint and
contribute to a more sustainable future.
SANDCRETE
BLOCKS
WHAT IS SANDCRETE BLOCK
Sandcrete blocks are a type of building material commonly used in
construction, particularly in areas where sand is abundant. They are made
by combining sand, cement, and water to form a solid block that can be
used for various structural and non-structural purposes.
The production process typically involves mixing the sand and cement
together in specific proportions, usually with a ratio of 6 parts sand to 1
part cement, along with water to form a workable paste. The mixture is
then poured into block molds or formwork and allowed to cure and
harden. Once the blocks have hardened sufficiently, they are removed
from the molds and left to dry further.
 SPECIFICATION FOR
SANDCRETE BLOCK
The most popular sizes for sandcrete blocks are 450mm x 225mm X
225mm and 450mm X 150mm X 225mm. Sandcrete blocks can also be
rectangular and solid or hollow. The Nigerian Industrial Standards (NIS
87: 2007) define two types of blocks.

1) Type A load bearing blocks.

2) Type B non-load bearing blocks.

They both have the option of being solid

or hollow.
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
1. Batching
 Measuring materials for sandcrete block production is called batching. There
are two methods for batching including weight and volume method.

2. Mixing Materials
 Mixing materials is carried out after batching. It could be done either
manually or mechanically. The former method used for the production of
large number of sandcrete blocks. However, the latter is advised when small
number of blocks are needed. Cement and sand shall be blended sufficiently
and then water is added to the mixture. This process shall be done properly
otherwise the block quality will be compromised. Lastly, the addition of
excessive water shall be prevented since it leads to shrinkage and distortion of
the blocks on drying.
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
3. Molding Sandcrete Blocks
 After mixing, molds will be filled with materials. Different machines and
molds are available for use in the production of sandcrete blocks. For
example, electric vibrating machine, hand press machine, and local
steel/wooden hand mold. The quality of blocks produced by each molding
machine is different due to variations in the degree of compaction. The
electric vibrating machine produces high quality and strength blocks
compared with other moulding methods.
4. Compaction
 After molds are filled, the material is compacted to eliminate voids inside
the mixed materials. Not only does the compaction process improve
sandcrete block quality but also its durability. The compacted blocks are
then pushed out of the moulds onto a flat surface.
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
5. Curing Sandcrete Blocks
 It includes wetting of blocks with water so as to permit proper hydration
and hardening to take place and eventually achieve full strength. The
application may be done by watering can, rubber hose or buckets, or
sprinkling water on the blocks and covering with a tarpaulin or damp
sacks.
6. Stacking
 This is the arrangement of the blocks one on top of the other, ready for
sale or use.
ADVANTAGES OF SANDCRETE
1) Cost-effective: Sandcrete blocks are relatively inexpensive compared
to other building materials such as bricks or concrete blocks. The raw
materials required to produce sandcrete blocks, including sand,
cement, and water, are generally readily available and affordable.
2) Fire resistance: Sandcrete blocks have inherent fire resistance due to
the presence of sand and cement. They are non-combustible and can
withstand high temperatures without compromising their structural
integrity. This makes them a safer choice for construction,
particularly in areas prone to fire hazards.
3) Sound insulation: The dense nature of sandcrete blocks provides good
sound insulation properties. They can effectively reduce the
transmission of sound between different areas of a building,
contributing to noise reduction and improved acoustic performance.
DISADVANTAGES OF
SANDCRETE
1. Limited design options: Sandcrete blocks are relatively less versatile in
terms of design possibilities compared to some other building materials.
Their size and shape may restrict architectural creativity and
customization options.
2. Weight and transportation challenges: Sandcrete blocks can be heavy,
making them more challenging to handle and transport compared to
lighter construction materials. This can result in higher labor costs and
logistical difficulties during construction projects.