WEEK

Set Operations
Mathematics in
the Modern
World
 LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Perform the operations of union, intersection,
complement, and difference of sets using proper
notation; and
2. Apply the set operations in solving problems.
 01
INTRODUCTI
ON
Let U = {x|x is a Korean drama series}
Nominees for Best Drama Series in the 56th
Baeksang Arts Awards.

A = {Hot Stove League, When the Camellia

Blooms, Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 2,
Hyena}
Nominees for Best Drama Miniseries in the
15th Seoul International Drama Awards.

B = {Hot Stove League, When the Camellia

Blooms, Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 1,
Itaewon Class}
Five Highest Rated Korean Dramas in 2019 &
2020, ranked according to IMDb.

C= {Hospital Playlist, Crash Landing on You,

The King: Eternal Monarch, Dinner Mate,
Kingdom 1}
Some of the drama series appear on more than
one of these lists.

A = {Hot Stove League, When the Camellia Blooms,

Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 2, Hyena}
B = {Hot Stove League, When the Camellia Blooms,
Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 1, Itaewon Class}
C = {Hospital Playlist, Crash Landing on You, The
King: Eternal Monarch, Dinner Mate, Kingdom 1}
Hot Stove League, When the
Camellia Blooms, Crash Landing on
You are the Korean drama series that
are simultaneously in sets A and B.

Hence, {Hot Stove League, When the

Camellia Blooms, Crash Landing on
You} is the INTERSECTION
of A and B.
This is denoted by,
A ∩ B = {Hot Stove League, When the Camellia
Blooms, Crash Landing on You}.

Likewise,
A ∩ C = {Crash Landing on You}
B ∩ C = { Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 1 }
In general, if S and T are sets then
S ∩ T = {x|x ∈ S and x ∈
T}.
Merge all of the elements of A with all of the
elements of B to form a single, larger set.

Hence, we have {Hot Stove League, When the

Camellia Blooms, Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 1,
Itaewon Class, Kingdom 2, Hyena}.
This new set is called the UNION of A with B, and
is denoted by, A ∪ B.

Likewise,
A ∪ C = {Hot Stove League, When the Camellia
Blooms, Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 2, Hyena,
Hospital Playlist, The King: Eternal Monarch, Dinner
Mate, Kingdom 1}
B ∪ C = {Hot Stove League, When the Camellia
Blooms, Crash Landing on You, Kingdom 1, Itaewon
Class, Hospital Playlist, The King: Eternal Monarch,
Dinner Mate, Kingdom 1}.
In general, for any sets S and T, then S
T = {x|x ∈ S or x ∈ T}.
Universal Set
UNIVERSAL SET Example
is the set of all elements U = the set of digits in a
considered in a certain decimal system from 0-9.
investigation or group, U = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
and denoted by the
symbol U
 SET
OPERATIONS
 Example
Let
UNION OF SETS A = {4,5,7}
Given two sets A and B, their B = {6,7}
set union, denoted by A ∪ B, is C = {1,5,7}
the set of elements that belong
to either A or B or to both. Find the following.
A ∪ B = {x│x ∈ A or x ∈ B} 1. A ∪ B
2. B ∪ C
3. A ∪ B ∪ C
Example
Let
A = {4,5,7} Union of
B = {6,7} Sets
C = {1,5,7}

Find the following. Solution

1. A ∪ B 1. A ∪ B = {4,5,6,7}
2. B ∪ C 2. B ∪ C = {1,5,6,7}
3. A ∪ B ∪ C 3. A ∪ B ∪ C = {1,4,5,6,7}
 Example
Let
INTERSECTION OF A = {a,b,c}
SETS B = {b,c}
Given two sets A and B, their C = {x,y,z,a}.
intersection denoted by A ∩ B,
is the set of elements common Find the following.
to both A and B. 1. A ∩ B
A ∩ B = {x│x ∈ A and x ∈ B} 2. B ∩ C
3. A ∩ C
Example
Let
A = {a,b,c}
Intersection
B = {b,c} Sets
of
C = {x,y,z,a}

Find the following. Solution

1. A ∩ B 1. A ∩ B = {b,c}
2. B ∩ C 2. B ∩ C = ∅
3. A ∩ C 3. A ∩ C = {a}
 Example
Find the intersection of
the following sets.
Let
DISJOINT SETS A = {2,3,4,5,6,7}
Two sets are disjoint if their B = {1,3,5,7,9}
intersection is empty. C = {2,4,6,8,10}

1. A ∩ B = {3, 5, 7}
2. A ∩ C = {2, 4, 6}
3. C ∩ B = { } or Ø
 Example
U = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
COMPLEMENT OF A = {2,4,6,8}
SETS B = {1,3,4,7,9}
The complement of a set A, C = {0,2,5,6,7,8}
denoted by A’, is the set of all
elements in the universal set U Find the following:
that are not elements of set A. a. A’
b. B’
c. C’
Example
U = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
A = {2,4,6,8}
COMPLEM
B = {1,3,4,7,9} of Sets
ENT
C = {0,2,5,6,7,8}

Find the following: Solution

a. A’ U = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
b. B’ a. A’ = {0,1,3,5,7,9}
c. C’ b. B’ = {0,2,5,6,8}
c. C’ = {1,3,4,9}
 Example
Let
U = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
DIFFERENCE OF
SETS A = {4,5,7}
The difference of two sets, B = {6,7}
written A - B is the set of all C = {1,5,7}
elements of A that are not
elements of B. Find the following.
a. U – A
b. U - B
c. U - (B - C)
DIFFERENCE OF SETS
Solution
a. U-A ={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}-{4,5,7}
U-A ={0,1,2,3,6,8,9}
b. U-B ={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}-{6,7}
U-B ={0,1,2,3,4,5,8,9}
c. U-(B-C)={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}-({6,7}-{1,5,7})
U-(B-C)={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}-{6}
U-(B-C)={0,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9}
 TRY: ADDITIONAL EXERCISES
A = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
B = {1,2,4,5,7}
C = {6,7,9}
1. B – C
2. A – B
3. B – (C – A)
4. B – (C – A)
5. (C – B) - A
 U = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} A = {4,5,7}
B = {6,7} C = {1,5,7}
1. B – U = {6,7}-{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} = {}
2. A – B ={4,5,7}-{6,7} ={4,5}
3. B – (U – A) = {6,7}-{0,1,2,3,6,8,9} ={7}
4. B – (C – A)= {6,7}–[{1,5,7}-{4,5,7}]
B – (C – A)= {6,7}-{1} = {6,7}
5. A – (U – B) = {4,5,7}- {0,1,2,3,4,5, 8,9}
A – (U – B) = {7}
THANK
YOU