Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introd. To Conditionals
Introd. To Conditionals
By TeacherP
Conditional sentences are also known as Conditional
Clauses or If Clauses.
There are two parts to a conditional sentence –
the condition(if clause) and the result.
The result depends on the condition.
CONDITIONALS
In English, we have "Present Real Conditional which is
used to talk about what you normally do in real-life situations.
Form : (If / When … Simple Present … , … Simple Present …)
(… Simple Present… if/when … Simple Present …)
Examples:
If the weather is nice, she walks to work.
When I have a day off from work, I often go to the
beach.
Jerry helps me with my homework when he has
The simple present (also called
present simple or present
indefinite) is a verb tense which is
used to show repetition, habit or
generalization. Less commonly, the
simple present can be used to talk
about scheduled actions in the near
future and, in some cases, actions
happening now.
Type of REAL CONDITIONALS
Answers:
Real conditionals:
o Zero Conditional:
o If someone breaks a window, an alarm goes off.
o First Conditional:
o If I miss the bus tonight, I'll take a taxi instead.
Unreal conditionals:
o Second Conditional:
If I owned a car, I would drive to work.
o Third Conditional:
If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test.
o Mixed Conditional:
If I had finished my work yesterday, I wouldn't be
so stressed out today.
ZERO CONDITIONAL
We can also reverse the order of the condition and result in the
sentence, with no change in meaning:
We'll go to the beach if it's sunny tomorrow.
We'll go to the movies if it rains tomorrow.
The first conditional indicates something
that may happen in the present or future. It
has a two clause structure. This includes
an if clause and the main clause.
I wish I …
I wish I had a lot of money to buy a
house.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
I wish…
I wish I knew his number…
Practise time! 2nd conditional
Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct
tenses. Pay careful attention to which part of the
sentence is the condition, and which part is the
result! When possible, abbreviate “would” to “‘d”.
a) ate
If you _____(eat) ‘d have
a healthy breakfast, you __________
(have) more energy.
b) ‘d call
I ___________ had
(call) him if I ___________ (have) his
number.
c) were
If he __________ (be) more organized, he
__________________
wouldn’t forget (not forget) so many things.
d) would it take (it take) if we
How long _________________
hired (hire) someone to do this work?
__________
FIRST v. SECOND CONDITIONAL
Examples:
I was late for work today. I wish I had woken up 15
minutes earlier.
I wish I hadn’t eaten that seafood yesterday – it
made me sick.
This is used to express regret (such as for eating that seafood)
or past situations you wanted to be different (such as
wishing you had woken up earlier).
THIRD CONDITIONAL
Now we'll take those wishes one step further – imagining the result, in
the past, if that past situation had been different:
Other examples:
If we had brought our camera, we might have taken a picture.
Sarah could have learnt French if she had taken lessons.
The third conditional refers to the past and it is not based on facts. It
expresses an impossible situation.
THIRD CONDITIONAL
1. If it rains today, you will get wet (you don’t have an umbrella).
This is still possible to happen.
“If only” has the same meaning as “I wish” but it’s more
emphatic. Its equivalent in Spanish is “ojalá” (whatever the object
is) or “si al menos”. The clause with “if only” often stands alone,
without a main clause.
WISH – IF ONLY… (2)
Both “wish” and “if only” can be used with:
a) Past simple (to talk about the present events. It expresses regret
that things are not different) :
I wish / If only I had a better job. I wish I was taller.
Remember! To be in the past: always “were”: I wish were that
simple!
b) Past Perfect (to talk about the past and it expresses regret about
them.)
Oh, I wasn’t expecting you. I wish you had called before coming
over.
If only she hadn’t told the police, everything would have been all
right.
c) Could / Would + infinitive (We’re not happy about a situation (regret,
annoyance) and we wish it changes in the future).
I wish I could afford it. If only it would stop raining!
Everybody wishes you would go home. (Why don’t you go home?)
THE END!