DRUG EDUCATION

Republic Act 9165

Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act

ASUNCION B. MERCIALES
CBPA NSTP Coordinator
OBJECTIVES of the TOPIC
At the end of the rating period, students should be
able to:
• Identify the legal bases of drug prevention
and control
• Identify the classifications of controlled
substance
• Identify the causes and effects of drug
addiction
• Recognize and understand RA 9165 and the
role of youth in solving drug abuse detection
and prevention
 Republic of the Philippines
Office of the President
PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
Regional Office V
Camp Gen. Simeon A. Ola, Legazpi City

3
  Signed June 7, 2002

 Published June 19, 2002

 Took effect July 4, 2002

PGMA signed RA 9165 on

June 7, 2002 and it took
effect on July 4, 2002.

4
Re-organization of the Philippine Drug
Enforcement System

The new Dangerous Drugs

Board (DDB) as the policy and
strategy formulating body.

Creation of …
 The Philippine Drug Enforcement
Agency (PDEA) as its
implementing arm.
5
 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

 A regular law
enforcement agency.
 Implementing arm of the
DDB.
 Responsible for efficient
and effective law
enforcement of all
provisions on any
dangerous drug and/or
controlled precursor and
essential chemicals.
6
 WHY SHOULD WE AVOID DANGEROUS DRUGS

1 Illegal – Prohibited by law (RA 9165)

2 Health – Damages our brain and body

3 Psycho-social – Destroys one’s behavior

and causes one to commit crime

4 Spiritual – Against the will of God

 Therefore,
drug abuse is
everybody’s concern
 WHAT IS DRUG
 A drug is a chemical substance
that brings about physical,
emotional or behavioral change
in a person taking it.

 Is any substance other

than food or water that is
intended to be taken or
administered for the
purpose of altering,
sustaining or controlling
the recipients physical,
mental or emotional state. 9
 WHAT IS DRUG ABUSE
Drug abuse is the use of any chemical substance,
licit or illicit, resulting to individual’s physical,
mental, or social impairment.
It may refer to any of the following practices:

• Using, without benefit or prescription, useful drugs

which have the capacity to alter the mood
or behavior.
• Using drugs and substances for a purpose different
from the one from which the drug has been prescribed.
•Using drugs and substances having no legitimate
medical application or purposes other than research.
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 PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2019
• Eighty-nine percent (89.02%) of the 2019
admission cases are males, around eleven
percent (10.46%) females, and an insignificant
percentage among them are LGBT (0.52%).
• The ratio of male to female is 9:1,
• Mean age of 32 and a median of 33 years old.
• The youngest is 7 while the eldest is 68 years
old.
• The highest percentage belongs to age group of
40 years old and above with twenty-seven
percent (27.13%). 11
 PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2019

•Almost half (49.28%) of the total admitted cases are

single while twenty-six percent (25.54%) are married.
•Those who have live-in partners reached twenty-one
percent (21.10%), and the rest are either widow/er,
separated, divorced and annulled (4.07%)
 PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2019

• As to educational attainment, twenty-eight

percent (27.99%) of the center clients have
attained high school level, followed by those
who have graduated in high school (19.11%)
and those who have reached college level at
nineteen percent (18.71%).
• The average monthly family income, as
reported by the clients, is more than thirteen
thousand pesos (Php 13,695.65).
 PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2019

With regard to the status of employment

• those employed (either workers/employees or
businessman and self-employed) comprised fifty-five
percent (55.31%) while
• those unemployed totaled to thirty-nine percent
(39.45%).
• Around five percent (5.20%) of clients are students
(3.65%) while 1.55% are out-of-school youth.
However, a few (0.04%) did not disclose their status
of employment.
 PROFILE OF DRUG USERS
as per DDB (Facility Based) CY 2019

As regards to the age when client first tried

drugs,
Thirty-eight percent (38.21%) belong to
the age bracket of 15 to 19 years old.
Forty-four percent (43.85%) claimed that
they have taken drugs 2 to 5 times a week
while around twenty-one percent (20.55%) on
a weekly basis
 SUMMARY of PROFILE OF DRUG
ABUSERS as per DBB (Facility Based)
CY 2019
AGE : Mean age of 32 years old; Median of 33 years
SEX : Ratio of Male to Female 9:1
CIVIL STATUS : Single (49.28%)
STATUS OF EMPLOYMENT : Employed (55.31%)
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT : High School Level (27.99%)
ECONOMIC STATUS : Average Family Income Php
13,695.65
PLACE OF RESIDENCE : Urban (Specifically NCR 32.41%)
DURATION OF DRUG USE : More than six (6) years
NATURE OF DRUG TAKING : Mono drug use (abuse of 1
drug only)
DRUGS/SUBSTANCES OF ABUSE :

1. Methamphetamine Hydrochloride (Shabu)

2. Cannabis (Marijuana)

3. Contact Cement (Rugby)

 MARIJUANA
33.65

INHALANTS, 4.82

SHABU
81.36
CLASSIFICATION

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 A. ORIGIN
Natural -
anything that
comes from
nature.
Plants (Marijuana)

Synthetic - anything
that is produced
artificially or
processed in the
Ecstasy Shabu laboratory.
 Pharmacological
Classifications of Drugs

STIMULANTS

DEPRESSANTS

HALLUCINOGENS
 1. Stimulants
 Also known as uppers
 Any of a group of drugs that excite the
central nervous system. It increase alertness,
alleviate fatigue, reduce hunger and provide
a feeling of well-being.
 Ex. Cocaine, Methamphetamine (SHABU)
 Immediate Effects:
 Dilated pupils
 Increase in blood pressure /
Heart rate / Breathing rate / Body
Temperature
 Involuntary muscle twitching
 Less hunger
 Slurred speech
 2. Depressant
 also called as “downers” or “barbs”
 any drug or chemical that decreases the activity
of any bodily function. The term is most often
used to refer to drugs that reduce the activity of
the central nervous system
Ex: Sedatives, Sleeping Pills, Tranquilizers
Side effects & long term effects of Depressants
•Loss of body control may result to bone fractures
•Impaired blood pressure regulation and balance
control
•Cognitive impairment, memory loss and pseudo-
dementia
•Nocturnal urinary incontinence
•Worsening sleep
•Respiratory problems
•Dependency
•Over sedation may lead to death
3. Hallucinogens

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Ex: MJ, LSD, Ecstasy, Ketamine
 Hallucinations/illusions
 Faster heart beat and pulse rate
 Bloodshot Eye/blurred
vision/Rapid Eye Movement
(REM)
 Dry mouth and throat
 Forgetfulness/inability to think
 Altered sense of time/
disorientation
 Impaired reflexes, coordination
and concentration
 Acute panic anxiety reaction
 “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)
 Psychiatric consequences
 Severe irritation of the nasal
passages that may make a person
prone to frequent nose bleed.
 Renal damage, heart disease and
strokes
 Injecting MDMA from
contaminated needles may lead to
risk of infections resulting in
inflammation of the blood vessels,
infection of the heart valves,
blood poisoning and even AIDS.
all of which can lead to death.
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DRUGS OF ABUSE

29
ADVERSE EFFECTS:
• Produces anxiety, tension, irritability, irrational
behavior, talkativeness, and loss of self-
control.
• Results in loss of appetite and inability to sleep.
• Euphoria, elation.
• Can lead to acute psychotic reactions, violent
and destructive behavior and recklessness
that may result in accidents.
• Includes chest pain, irregularity of heart beat,
elevated or lowered blood pressure,
evidence of weight loss, convulsion and death
from cardiac arrest.

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Prolonged use or even a single
exposure, especially if
administrated intravenously,
can lead to manifestations of a
full blown “psychosis” which is
similar to schizophrenia
characterized by the presence
of paranoid delusions, auditory
and visual hallucinations. The
paranoia may lead to violent
and aggressive behavior.
31
 CONTENTS OF SHABU

• Ephedrine – (Classified as Dangerous Drugs)

Main ingredient of Shabu causing brain damage
• Toluene – Chemical used for paints,
adhesives, etc.
• Acetone – Nail cleaner
• Lithium Batteries – Cancer causing
component
• Battery Acid – Corrosive chemical
• Drain Cleaner – Liquid Soap
• Hydrochloric Acid – (Muriatic Acid)
• Chloroform – Cancer causing solvent
 PROFILE OF “SHABU” CHEMISTS/HELPERS

1. Usually are foreign nationals

2.With acid burns of discolorations on their arms
3. Do not mingle with local residents
4. Display paranoid tendencies
5. Suffer from diseases afflicting internal organs
particularly the liver and kidney
6. With no visible means of income
7. Cannot speak Tagalog or any local dialect
 INDICATORS ON THE LIKELY PRESENCE
OF SHABU LABS/WAREHOUSES

1.Located in highly populated, residential

areas as well as in secluded places
2. Buildings with high fence and gates
3. Uninhabited most of the time and are leased
over a short-term period, usually from 8
months to one year
4. Lessee is not the occupant of the rented
warehouses/labs
5. Usually store inferior quality imported items
to serve as illegitimate fronts
6. Only a handful of laborers, mostly Chinese-
looking
7. Non-factory buildings with giant
smokestacks/exhaust systems
8. Nauseating odors emitting from the highly toxic
chemicals
9. Corroded roofs and stained walls due to
chemical burns
10. Discolored and damaged floors due to very
potent acids
11. Dried-up vegetation around the vicinity
12. Presence of container vans, closed vans and
passenger vans
13. Presence of Close Circuit TV (CCTV) security
cameras
14. Presence of imported mixers/dryers, pressure
tanks and rotary evaporators
15. Presence of wooden crates containing bottles
of Thionyl Chloride and Acetone
16. Presence of Ephedrine contained in sacks
labeled as P.V.C. Resin
17. Presence of Activated Carbon
18. Very high consumption of hydrogen gas,
electricity and water
19. Utility bills such as electricity, water, telephone,
etc. are usually paid by the facilitators
FACES OF METH

June 2001 3 years, 5 months later

THERESA BAXTER
www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
37
 FACES OF METH
PERRY BENNETT

AUGUST 1996 4 YEARS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
38
 FACES OF METH
JOSEPH HARRIS

DECEMBER 1999 3 MONTHS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
39
 FACES OF METH
JENNIFER LUNDGREN

JULY 2003 17 MONTHS LATER

www.yahoo.com/facesofmeth
40
BRAIN OF DRUG ABUSER

41
THE
THE EFFECT
EFFECT OF
OF DRUGS
DRUGS TO
TO

HUMAN
HUMAN BRAIN
BRAIN

Normal
Brain Affected
Brain
Normal Brain 42
42
Normal Person’s Brain Drug User’s Brain

43
43
CT SCAN COMPARISON OF BRAIN ACTIVITY
Meth “BUGS”
45
46
TEETH OF DRUG ABUSER

47
Celebrities Who Used
Dangerous Drugs
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

48
GUESS WHO?
 Whitney Elizabeth Houston
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Born August 9, 1963, she is an American pop and R&B singer, actress, film producer,
record producer, songwriter, and former fashion model. Her crossover success opened
doors for other African Americans, particularly women, to be equally successful in pop
music and showbiz. She has frequently been referred to as "The Voice". 50
Whitney Houston
On September 12, 2002 at Malibu, California, the 61 year old actor was
arrested for being under the influence of drugs after his Mercedes-Benz car
was seen swerving on a highway near his home. The movie star pleaded
no contest to driving under the influence of drugs (DUI).

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
52
 Nick Nolte
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

1991 - Los Angeles Film Critics Association: Best Actor, The Prince of Tides
1991 - Golden Globe: Best Actor in a Motion Picture (Drama), The Prince of
Tides
1992 - Chosen as People Magazine's Sexiest Man Alive
1998 - New York Film Critics Circle - Best Actor, Affliction
1998 - National Society of Film Critics - Best Actor, Affliction
53
Nick Nolte
Heath Ledger
Hollywood Actor

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
 .
died from an overdose of sleeping pills

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
The 21 year old actress was arrested for suspicion of driving under the
influence of alcohol , possession of marijuana and a controlled substance,
and driving without a valid license on December 27, 2007

57
Born on January 24,
1986, she is an
award-winning
actress. Perhaps
best known for her
role as
Marissa Cooper in the
American television
series The O.C..

58
Mischa Barton
She was booked on felony charges of possession of cocaine and
transportation of narcotic - in addition to misdemeanor charges of
driving under the influence (DUI) and driving with a suspended
license.

www.yahoo.com/cnn-news
60
 www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Lindsay
Lohan

Born on July 2, 1986, she is an American actress and pop music singer. Lohan started
in show business as a child fashion model for magazine advertisements and television
commercials. 61
Lindsay Lohan
In February 2003, she was arrested in Malibu, California and charged with
possession of heroin while driving with a suspended driver's license
 Nicole Richie
www.yahoo.com/cnn-news

Born September 21,

1981, she is an
American socialite,
actress, television
personality, author,
model, and singer. The
daughter of Lionel
Richie, she is known
for her role in the
reality show The
Simple Life and her
turbulent personal life.
Nicole Richie
 Drugs of Abuse
No. 2
Marijuana
or
Cannabis
Sativa
 Hallucinations/illusions  Severe irritation of the nasal
 Faster heart beat and pulse passages that leads to
rate
frequent nose bleeding
 Bloodshot Eye/blurred
vision/Rapid Eye Movement  Renal damages, heart
(REM) disease and strokes
 Dry mouth and throat  Psychiatric consequences
 Forgetfulness/inability to
 Gateway drug that may lead
think
 Altered sense of time/ to poly-drug use.
disorientation
 Impaired reflexes
coordination and
concentration
 Acute panic anxiety reaction
 “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)
 FACE of MARYJANE

Was nabbed in Oklahoma

for possession of
marijuana and two
controlled dangerous
substances (Xanax and
sleeping pills) for which he
did not have a
prescription. The bleary-
eyed actor, 24, posed for
the below Oklahoma
County Sheriffs Office
mug shot following a traffic
stop of his buddy’s car in
September 2004. 68
FACE of MARYJANE

69
FACE of MARYJANE

Macaulay Culkin
 Drugs of Abuse
No. 3 Inhalants
 Volatile chemical substances
that contains psycho-active
(mind/mood altering) vapors
producing a state of intoxication.
Ex: Glue and Adhesive
Cement / Rugby / Super Glue /
Thinner

71
 IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
• Prone to bleeding and
bruises
• Loss of memory
• Difficulty in learning
and seeing things
clearly
• Loss of bodily control
• Cramps, pains and bad
cough
73
ECSTASY
 Prolonged regular use can lead to the same
long-term effects as with synthetic stimulants,
including a high potential for neuro-toxicity,
brain damage and liver damage.
 KETAMINE
Chemically known as
(Methylamino) Cyclohexane

Description – Fine and

White crystalline powder. It
can be in liquid, tablets or
capsules forms.

Street Name:
K, Special K, Super K, Kit-
Kat, Ket, Vitamin K, K-hole,
Bump of K, Honey Oil K,
Bump bottle 76
 ILL-EFFECTS of Ketamine:
•Disoriented behavior
•Impaired judgment
•Hallucinations
•Impaired coordination
•Possibility of being comatose

77
 SLEEPING PILLS
BENZODIAZEPINES –
commonly known as
tranquilizers and sleeping pills.
They are classified as short,
medium and long acting. This
relates to the length of the
drug action in the body.
Length of action can also be
influenced by the health of a
person’s liver, age and weight.
A.K.A. Valium, Ativan, Nubain,
etc.

78
Side effects & long term effects
of sleeping pills
(benzodiazepines)
•Loss of body control may result to
bone fractures
•Impaired blood pressure
regulation and balance control
•Cognitive impairment, memory loss and
pseudo-dementia
•Nocturnal urinary incontinence
•Worsening sleep
•Respiratory problems
•Dependency
•Over sedation may lead to death

79
Tobacco means the curved
leaves of the tobacco plant
“nicotiana tobacu” which
contains a very potent ingredient
called nicotine.

80
81
 Contents of Cigarette

acetic acid, methane(sewer gas), arsenic (poison), carbon monoxide,

rocket fuel, paint, toilet cleaner (ammonia), insecticide, Industrial
solvent, candle wax, cadmium (batteries), butane (lighter fluid)
 CIGARETTE CONTENTS
• Ammonia – used to clean bathrooms
• Cadmium – component of car battery
• Carbon Monoxide – from car / factory exhaust
• Nicotine – used as a mixture in
insecticide
• Tar – ingredients for asphalt
• Vinyl Chloride – used for plastic manufacture
• Cyanide – poison gas used by
Hitler in his concentration
camps
• DDT – used to kill cockroach
• Formaldehyde (Formalin) – used for
embalming 83
 Smelly breath, hair and  Sickness
clothes
 Stained teeth and  Heart Attack
fingers  Cancer
 Increase heart rate,
breathing rate and  Bronchitis
blood pressure and
 Reduced blood supply
to extremities (hands Emphysema
and feet because the  Ulcers
blood vessel are
constricted)  Infertility
 Stimulated central
nervous system
 Smoking exposes “the
smokers” and others to
health risks
84
EFFECT on the LUNGS
Normal Affected
 Signed into law in June 2003

 Prohibited Acts:
• Allowing Children to man stalls selling tobacco product (s)
• Selling tobacco products to a minor (under 18 years of age)
• Selling of Tobacco products within 100 meters from
playgrounds, schools and all youth facilities
Cigarette vending machine also within the place mentioned
• Smoking in Public Places

86
OTHER RULES:
IRR mandates all establishments selling tobacco
product’s to post “ It is unlawful for tobacco products to
be sold/ distributed, to or purchased by persons under
18 years of age”.

PENALTY:
Selling to or buying tobacco products from minors
-Not more than 30 days of imprisonment for 1st
Time Offender.
- Php 5,000.00 fine.
87
WHAT IS
ALCOHOL
 Alcohol is a powerful drug. Alcoholic drinks contain
the drug “ethanol” (ethyl alcohol). It is a toxic and
poisonous drug. It poisons the body if taken in large
quantities simply or in combination with other drugs.
 Alcohol damages all the major organs of the body.
Alcohol is a depressant drug, not a stimulant as
erroneously believed. Pure alcohol is colorless and
tasteless. Alcoholic drinks vary in color and taste
because of the ingredients used to flavor them.
88
89
 Family Problems
Parents who always
quarrel in front of the
children.

Irresponsible parents
who don’t have time for
their children.
 Peer Pressure/Curiosity

BAD Influence by
friends.
Weak Personality, Desire to
Escape From Reality

Lack of self-confidence
and inferiority complex.
93
Simply Say “NO THANKS”

94
Say “NO THANKS”
REPEATEDLY
AND
CONSISTENTLY

95
Give an excuse or a reason
NOT to use drugs

96
Change the subject

97
Walk away

98
Avoid the situation

99
Cold shoulder

100
Strength in numbers

101
 COMMON
SIGNS
OF
DRUG ABUSE
Injection Marks of an Addict
Stealing items which can be readily sold
for cash (to support a drug habit)
 Changes in Mood – depending on the drug taken.
Example: depressed or becoming elated and euphoric.
Association with known drug abusers
Change from normal capabilities (work
habits, efficiency, etc.)
Change in attendance at work or school
Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times (for
instance, indoors or at night) or only to hide dilated or
constricted pupils but also to compensate for the eyes’
inability to adjust to sunlight. Marijuana causes bloodshot
eyes.
Poor physical appearance, including inattention to
dress and personal hygiene
Profile of Drug Addicts

111
 UNLAWFUL ACTS
AND PENALTIES (RA
9165)
Section 5:
Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery,
Distribution and Transportation of Dangerous Drugs
and Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals or
Act as broker.

Penalty – life imprisonment to death and a,

Fine – Php 500,000.00 to Php 10,000,000.00
 Section 11. Possession of Dangerous
Drugs
Penalty – life imprisonment to death and a
Fine – Php 500,000 to Php 10,000,000
on the following quantities:
a. 10 grams or more of opium
b. 10 grams or more of morphin
c. 10 grams or more of heroin
d. 10grams or more of cocaine
hydrochloride
e. 50 grams or more of
methamphetamine hydrochloride or
Section 15. Use of Dangerous Drugs – a person
apprehended or arrested who is found to be
positive for use of any dangerous drug after a
confirmatory test shall be imposed:

6 months minimum – rehabilitation in a

government center for the 1st time

6 years and 1 day to 12 years – if

apprehended for the 2nd time
Fine: Php 50,000 to Php 200,000
Section 16. Cultivation of Plants classified as
Dangerous Drugs or are sources thereof.
(Marijuana, opium poppy)
Penalty – life imprisonment to death and a
Fine – Php 500,000 to 10,000,000
Financier – maximum penalty
Protector/Coddler:
Penalty – 12 years and 1 day to 20 years
Fine - Php 100,000 to 500,000
 ARTICLE IV

 Participation of the Family,

Students, Teachers and School
Authorities in the Enforcement of
RA 9165

118
 ARTICLE IV
 Section 42 – Student Councils and
Campus Organizations
All elementary, secondary and
tertiary schools’ student councils and
campus organizations shall include in
their activities a program for the
prevention of and deterrence in the use
of dangerous drugs, and referral for
treatment and rehabilitation of students
for drug dependence. 119
 ARTICLE IV
 Section 43 – School Curricula

Provides that instruction on drug abuse

prevention and control shall be integrated in
the elementary, secondary and tertiary
curricula of all public and private schools,
whether general, technical, vocational or agro-
industrial, as well as in non-formal, informal
and indigenous learning system.
system

120
 ARTICLE IV
Section 44 – Heads, Supervisors, and
Teachers of School
All school heads, supervisors
and teachers shall be deemed persons in
authority if they are in school or within its
immediate vicinity, or even beyond such
immediate vicinity if they are in
attendance at any school or class
function in their official capacity.
121
 WHICH ONE

NMH
(Mental Hospital)
NBP
(Prison)

RIP 122
(Death)
 THANK YOU
VERY MUCH

“Towards a Drug-Free Philippines“