CHARACTERISTICS

LIVING
OF
ORGANISMS
MRS GREN
 Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
Movement
Most single-celled creatures,
and larger animals, move
about as a whole. Fungi and
plants make movements with
parts of their bodies.
Movement does not
necessarily involve
locomotion (movement of an
organism from place to place)
 Respiration
Glucose + oxygen D All living organisms break
down food to obtain energy.
Most organisms need oxygen
Carbon dioxide + water for this (aerobic respiration)
whereas others are able to
respire without oxygen
C6H 12O6 + 6O2 (anaerobic respiration).
D Taking in oxygen and
6CO2 + 6H2O removing carbon dioxide is
the process of breathing.
Sensitivity
All living organisms respond
to their environment.
Sensitivity is the ability of
living organisms to respond
to stimuli. A
stimulus is a change in the
external or internal
environment of an
organism. Plants, for
example, respond to gravity.
This is known as geotropism.
Sensitivity
Living organisms are also
aware of their internal
environment and are able
to respond to changes and
restore the body to its
normal state. This
regulation of the internal
environment is known as
homeostasis.
Growth
Bacteria and single-celled
creatures increase in size.
Many-celled organisms
increase the number of
cells in their bodies,
become more complicated
and change their shape
as well as increasing in
size.
Reproduction
Off spring are produced
by the process of
reproduction.
Single-celled organisms
and bacteria may simply
keep dividing into two (eg.
binary fission).
Many-celled plants and
animals may
reproduce sexually or
asexually.
Excretion
Excretion involves the
removal of waste products
from the body, such as
carbon dioxide ( a product
of respiration).
Living organisms expel
these substances from
their bodies in various
ways.
Nutrition
Nutrition is the process
of obtaining food.
There are two main
methods of obtaining
food – aututrophic
nutrition (green plants)
and heterotrophic
nutrition (organisms use
ready-made organic
compounds as their food
source).
VIRU
S
Viruses
• small particles, smaller than bacteria;
• parasitic and can reproduce only inside
living cells;
• they infect every type of living
organism.
• wide variety of shapes and sizes;
• no cellular structure
• but have a protein coat and contain one
type of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA
Structure of viruses
 Structure of viruses
All viruses have a Viruses do
central core of RNA or reproduce, but only
DNA
surrounded by a protein inside the cells of
coat.
living organisms,
using materials
No nucleus, obtained from the
Much smaller cytoplasm, cell host cell.
than a organelles or cell
bacterium, can membrane
only be seen
with electron So, are
microscopes they
really
cells at
all?
MRS
GREN
DISEASES CAUSED BY
VIRUS
• AIDS.
• Common cold.
• Ebola.
• Genital herpes.
• Influenza.
• Measles.
• Chickenpox and shingles.
IS VIRUS A
LIVING
THING?
IS VIRUS A LIVING
THING?
• It can only reproduce in a host cell
• It doesn’t grow
• It doesn’t regulate its temperature
• It doesn’t need energy to survive

VIRUS IS NOT A LIVING

THING!!!
THANK YOU