Discovering Oneself

Val Ed 1

Instructor: Maria Merllan E. Mier, LPT

DESCRIBE YOURSELF
The self is made up of many self-
perceptions, abilities, and
personality characteristics that
are organized and consistent with
one another.
 Rogers 1953
•Contends that self-concept plays
an important role in personality
because it influences human
behaviors, feelings, and thoughts.
What is Self-concept?
Characteristics of:
Characteristics of:
REAL SELF versus IDEAL SELF
 Discrepancy in Self-concept
Rogers (1953) states there is usually a contradiction or
discrepancy between the real self and the ideal self.
This difference may result in discomfort and
personality problems which can be resolved by paying
more attention to one’s actual experiences, working
more at positive experiences, and paying less attention
to the expectations of others.
 POSITIVE REGARD
• Is believed to be important for the healthy
development of one’s self-concept and for successful
interpersonal relationships (Liebert & Spiegler, 1994)
• Positive regards includes love, sympathy, warmth,
acceptance, and respect with which people crave from
family, friends, and other significant people.
CONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD

• Refers to positive regard received as a result

of acceptable behaviour or living up to the
expectations and standards of others.
• For example, a teacher may reward students
for passing the test.
 UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD

• On the other hand refers to the love and

acceptance by a person regardless of who
he/she is or what he/she does. For instance,
parents may still love and respect their child
even if the child flunks an exam.
SELF-ESTEEM
 SELF-ESTEEM
• Personality and social development refer to how
a person’s sense of self-identity, relationships
with others, and skills necessary for social
interactions evolve.
• Self-esteem is the level of importance attributed
to oneself and one’s abilities.
• One may put a high value or a low value on
his/her worth as a person. In many ways,
self-esteem relates to a person’s
attractiveness and social competence.
• It is likewise associated with important
positive or negative outcomes.
• One should strive to develop a high self-esteem
because it determines his/her kind of personal
and social relationships. Holding good feelings
about oneself results in flexibility and
adaptability to situations and people.
• On the other hand, a low-self esteem may lead to
poor social relationships.
 Self-Actualization
Human possess an inner drive to grow, improve, and use their potential to
the fullest (Plotnik, 2014). The final stage in completed growth is known as
self-actualization or self-fulfillment.
• According to Abraham Maslow (1943), a self-actualizing person has
reached the highest level or peak of his/her personal development and
has fully realized his/her potential as a human being.
• The self-fulfilled person is generally happy, generous with his/her time
and effort to help others, and strives for the common good for his/her
family, community, country, and even humanity.
 LABEL IT!
Hierarchy of Needs
 FIRST LEVEL (Physiological Needs)

It is for survival comprised of food,

water, shelter, clothing, and sleep.
 SECOND LEVEL ( SAFETY AND SECURITY
NEEDS
This stage involves health and well-being,
property, social stability, and protection from
harm, among others.
 THIRD LEVEL (LOVE AND
BELONGINGNESS)
Adults and adolescence who are starting to
look for serious relationships are particularly
concerned with satisfying the needs at this
level.
 FOURTH LEVEL (ESTEEM NEEDS)

It contains items such as achievement,

competency, approval, recognition, and
respect from others.
 FINAL LEVEL (SELF ACTUALIZATION
NEEDS)
Included in this level are morality, realization of
the purpose in life, meaning, inner potentials, and
the like.
This level aims for the full development of
one’s unique potentials.
 Characteristics of Self-actualized Persons
They have a reached high level of moral development and
are more concerned with the welfare of loved ones, friends,
and humanity in general than themselves.
They are open, honest, and have the courage to act on their
convictions, even if it makes them unpopular.
They have an accurate, concrete, and realistic- rather
than a romanticized-view of people and life, and yet
they are positive about life.

Life is always challenging and fresh to self-

actualizing individuals.
One key action to fully satisfy your needs
at each stage and to achieve self-
actualization is to study hard. In the process,
you acquire a big stock of knowledge, as
well as develop the necessary life skills
which will help you achieve your goals.