LEC 10 & 11

LOOPS
• A Loop executes the sequence of statements
many times until the stated condition
becomes false. A loop consists of two parts, a
body of a loop and a control statement.
• C programming has three types of loops:
• for loop
• while loop
• do...while loop
 while loop

• while loop can be addressed as an entry

control loop. It is completed in 3 steps.
• Variable initialization.(e.g int x = 0;)
• condition(e.g while(x <= 10))
• Variable increment or decrement ( x+
+ or x-- or x = x + 2 )
 Syntax :

variable initialization;
while(condition)
{ statements;
variable increment or decrement; }
• Example: Program to print first 10 natural
numbers
#include<stdio.h>
void main( )
{ int x; x = 1;
while(x <= 10)
{ printf("%d\t", x); /* below statement means,
do x = x+1, increment x by 1*/
x++; } }
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
int i=1,number=0,b=9;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d",&number);
while(i<=10){
printf("%d \n",(number*i));
i++;
}
return 0;
}
#include<stdio.h>
void main ()
{
int j = 1;
while(j+=2,j<=10)
{
printf("%d ",j);
}
printf("%d",j);
}
#include<stdio.h>
void main ()
{
while()
{
printf("hello Javatpoint");
}
}
Output
compile time error: while loop can't be empty
Example 3
#include<stdio.h>
void main ()
{
int x = 10, y = 2;
while(x+y-1)
{
printf("%d %d",x--,y--);
}
}
Output
infinite loop
 do...while loop

• The do..while loop is similar to the while loop

with one important difference. The body
of do...while loop is executed at least once.
Only then, the test expression is evaluated.
• The syntax of the do...while loop is:
do
{ // statements inside the body of the loop }
while (testExpression);
• // Program to add numbers until the user
enters zero
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{ double number, sum = 0; // the body of the loop
is executed at least once
do { printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%lf", &number);
sum += number; }
while(number != 0.0);
printf("Sum = %.2lf",sum);
return 0; }
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{ int num=1; //initializing the variable
//do-while loop
do
{ printf("%d\n",2*num);
num++; //incrementing operation }
while(num<=10);
return 0; }
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{ int a, i;
a = 5;
i = 1;
do
{ printf("%d\t", a*i);
i++; }
while(i <= 10); }