Chemical Quantities

The Mole

Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

1
A Mole of Particles
A mole (mol) is a collection that contains
• The same number of particles as there are
carbon atoms in 12.01 g of carbon.
• 6.022 x 1023 atoms of an element (Avogadro’s
number).
1 mol C = 6.022 x 1023 C atoms
1 mol CO2 = 6.022 x 1023 CO2 molecules
1 mol NaCl = 6.022 x 1023 NaCl formula units

2
 Samples of One Mole
Quantities

Table 6.1

Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3
 Using Avogadro’s Number
Avogadro’s number
• Converts moles of a substance to
the number of particles.
• Converts particles of a substance to
moles.

Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

4
Subscripts and Moles
The subscripts in a formula state
• The relationship of atoms in the formula.

• The moles of each element in 1 mol of compound.

Glucose
C6H12O6

In 1 molecule: 6 atoms C 12 atoms H 6 atoms O

In 1 mol: 6 mol C 12 mol H 6 mol O

5
 Learning Check
A. How many moles of O are in 0.150 mol aspirin
C9H8O4?

B. How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin

C9H8O4?

6
 Solution
A. How many mol O are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?
0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O = 0.600 mol O
1 mol C9H8O4
subscript factor
B. How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?

0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O x 6.022 x 1023 O atoms

1 mol C9H8O4 1 mol O
subscript Avogadro’s
factor Number
= 3.61 x 1023 O atoms
7
Learning Check

How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?

8
Solution
How many O atoms are in 0.150 mol aspirin C9H8O4?

0.150 mol C9H8O4 x 4 mol O x 6.022 x 1023 O atoms

1 mol C9H8O4 1 mol O
subscript Avogadro’s
factor number

= 3.61 x 1023 O atoms