Information &

communications
technologies
INF-106

Computer Networks

Week 8
Laboratory work №8

Practice Packet Tracer

Router
● The router is a piece of network hardware that connects a
local network to the internet.
● A router is a device that communicates between the internet
and the devices in your home that connect to the internet.
● As its name implies, it “routes” traffic between the devices and
the internet.
Hub
● A hub is a physical layer networking device which is used to connect multiple
devices in a network.
● They are generally used to connect computers in a LAN.
Switch
● A switch is able to handle the data and knows the specific addresses to send
the message.
● It can decide which computer is the message intended for and send the
message directly to the right computer.
● The efficiency of switch has been greatly improved, thus providing a faster
network speed.
IP address
● An IP address is a unique address that identifies a device on the internet or
a local network.
IP-
● Internet
Protocol
Address
● IPv4
● IPv6
Subnet Mask
● A class has eight 1's and so on.
Hello
Binary
Numbers
Find Network ID from IP Address
● Logical ‘AND’ IP address and subnet mask to get Network ID
● For example,
● IP address: 192.24.134.23
● Find Network ID using default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 for class C
● Find the binary representation of IP address and subnet mask
● Logical ‘AND’ with subnet mask
● Convert binary to decimal value: Network ID: 192.24.134.0 / 24
● IP: 11000000.00011000.10000110.00010111
● Sm:11111111. 11111111 .11111111. 00000000
 Find Number of usable hosts:
1. IP address: 169.174.141.10
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240

IP address: 10101001 10101110 10001101 00001010

Subnet Mask: 11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000

Network ID: 169 174 141 0

● Prefix: 8+8+8+4=28
● In the last part of subnet mask we have 4 zeros, so we get that 2^4=16.
● Number of hosts: 16
● Number of usable hosts: 16-2=14 (1 addr. for NetID and 1 for broadcast address)
● Usable hosts: 169.174.141.1-169.174.141.14
Practice
1. Convert IP address to binary: 128.11.3.31

2. Convert IP address to decimal:

10101001.10101110.00001010.00000000

3. Convert IP address to binary: 19.244.47.118

4. Convert IP address to decimal:

00100100.10010000.00111011.11100101
Answers
Practice _ Network ID
1. Mask: 255.255.248.0
IP address: 192.168.40.50
What is the Network ID?

2. Mask: 255.255.248.0
IP address: 192.168.45.55
What is the Network ID?

3. Mask: 255.255.255.192
IP address: 192.168.45.55
What is the Network ID?
Answers.
Practice_ Find Number of usable hosts:
● IP address: 19.244.47.118
● Subnet Mask: 255.255.252.224
● Number of hosts ?
● Number of usable hosts ?
Answers.
Tutorials
● The Internet: IP Addresses & DNS – YouTube
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQ3T14SIlV4&t=999s
Deadline
● Laboratory work 8 deadline 14/03/21 at 23.59 pm.
● Quiz 4 13/03/21 at 11.00 am.
Questions?