SEMINAR

(2022-2023)
CLASS :- BBA II

NAME OF STUDENT :- SUBMITTED TO :-

GAGANDEEP SINGH MS. YOGITA SINGLA
 TOPIC :-
MAYER AND
ZACK KM
CYCLE
 Introduction
 Meyer and Zack KM cycle
process (stages)
 Acquire
TABLE
 Refine OF
 Store
 Distribute
CONTEN
 Repository(1-2) TS
 Conclusion
 References
INTRODUCTION :-
 The Meyer and Zack KM cycle is derived from work on the design and
development of information products (Meyer and Zack 1996).
 Lessons learned from the physical products cycle can be applied to the
management of knowledge assets.
 Information products are broadly defined as any information sold to
internal or external customers such as databases, news synopses,
customer profiles, and so forth.
 Meyer and Zack (1996) propose that research and knowledge about the
design of physical products can be extended into the intellectual realm
to serve as the basis for a KM cycle.
Meyer and Zack Significance
KM cycle stages

Acquisition • Quality control of the data

• The data is measured on parameters like depth, relevance. credibility, cost, control and
exclusivity
Refinement • Primary source of value addition to the primary data
• The value addition could be physical or logical
• It also means to standardize the primary data by cleaning up the Irrelevant materials

Storage • It forms a bridge between the upstream acquisition and refinement stages that feed the
repository and product generation
• It could be physical or digital

Distribution • The process to deliver the product to the and users

• It encompasses not only delivery channel but also its timing. frequency, form and
language

Presentation This is the cumulative effect of each and every stage of the KM cycle
MAYER AND ZACK KM
CYCLE PROCESSES
Facilities Processes

Technologies

Figure 1: Composition of elements in Mayer and Zack KM cycle

MAYER AND ZACK KM CYCLE
PROCESSES
 The Meyer and Zack KM cycle processes are composed of the technologies,
facilities, and processes for manufacturing products and services.
 Information products are best viewed as a repository comprising information
content and structure.
 Information content is the data held in the repository that provides the building
blocks for the resulting information products.
 The content is unique for each type of business or organization
 Banks have content relating to personal and commercial accounts
 Insurance companies hold information on policies and claims
 Pharmaceutical companies have a large body of scientific and marketing
knowledge around each product under design or currently sold.
ACQUIRE
Acquisition of data or information addresses the issue
regarding sources of raw materials such as scope, breadth,
depth, credibility, accuracy, timeliness, relevance, cost,
control, exclusivity, and so on.
The guiding principle is the well-known adage of garbage
in garbage out" that is, source data must be of the highest
quality, otherwise the intellectual products produced
downstream will be inferior.
REFINE
Refinement is the primary source of added value. This refinement may be physical
(e.g., migrating form one medium to another) or logical (restructuring, relabeling, indexing,
and integrating).
Refining also refers to cleaning up (e.g., sanitizing content so as to ensure complete
anonymity of sources and key players involved) or standardizing
 (e.g., conforming to templates of best practice or lessons learned as used within that
particular organization).
Statistical analyses can be performed on content at this stage to conduct a meta- analysis
(e.g., a high-level summary of key themes, or patterns found in a collection of knowledge
objects).
This stage of the Meyer and Zack cycle adds value by creating more readily usable
knowledge objects and by storing content more flexibly for future use.
STORE
Storage/retrieval forms a bridge between the
upstream acquisition and refinement stages that
feed the repository and downstream stages of
product generation.
Storage may be physical (file folders, printed
information) or digital (database, knowledge
management software).
DISTRIBUTION DESCRIBES HOW THE PRODUCT IS
DELIVERED TO THE END USER (E.G., FAX, PRINT, E-
MAIL)
AND ENCOMPASSES NOT ONLY THE MEDIUM OF
DELIVERY
BUT ALSO ITS TIMING, FREQUENCY, FORM, LANGUAGE,
AND SO ON.

DISTRIBUTE
DISTRIBUTION DESCRIBES HOW THE PRODUCT IS
DELIVERED TO THE END USER (E.G., FAX, PRINT, E-MAIL)
AND ENCOMPASSES NOT ONLY THE MEDIUM OF
DELIVERY
BUT ALSO ITS TIMING, FREQUENCY, FORM, LANGUAGE,
AND SO ON.

PRESENT
REPOSITORY (1)
The repository becomes the foundation upon which a firm creates its family of
information and knowledge products.
This means that the greater the scope, depth, and complexity, the greater the
flexibility for deriving products and thus the greater the potential variety within
the product family.
Such repositories often form the first kernel of an organizational memory or
corporate memory for the company.
Meyer and Zack analyzed the major developmental stages of a knowledge
repository and these stages were mapped on to a KM cycle consisting of
acquisition, refinement, storage/retrieval, distribution, and presentation/use.
REPOSITORY (2)
The repository and the refinery together enable the management of
valuable knowledge of a firm.
 They need to in turn be supported by the firm's core capabilities in
information technology, internal knowledge about their business,
external knowledge about current and emerging environments as well as
how it organizes and manages itself.
The flexibility with which the firm can create content based products
forms the basis of the firm's ability to realize market leverage from its
information assets
Figure 2: Detailed View of Zack Information Cycle
CONCLUSION
The Meyer and Zack model is one of the most complete
descriptions of the key elements involved in the knowledge
management model.
 Its strength derives primarily from comprehensive
information-processing paradigm that is almost completely
adaptable its to knowledge-based content.
In particular, the notion of refinement is a crucial stage in the
KM cycle and one that is often neglected.
THANK
YOU