Sexual Self

PUBERTY
• Marks the start of sexual development in an individual.
• Starts from physical changes, to adolescence, these
changes are highlighted hormones, undergoing physical
y changes, and producing feelings that are sexual in
nature.
 WHAT IS YOUR SEXUAL
SELF?
 Part of yourself where you learn
and understand your sexual
development and how people’s
sexual activity, ss from the internet
on sex can
influence your beliefs, misconceptions and unlimited access to the
internet on sex can influence your own sexual behaviors and
responses.

 Sexual health, sexual orientation, gender identity and expression

and values around sexuality.
1. Sexual Development
 A lifelong process that starts at the moment of conception
(tsiaras, 2006)
 People are all a little different from each other, so it makes
sense that they don’t all develop in the same way
(kidshealth.org, 2008).
 Sexual development can be predicted as part of the human
development but not everyone is expected to have the same
pattern of changes or the same pacing.
3 Reasons why an Individual’s Sex is Important in
Lifelong
 Each year children come under increasing cultural pressures from
parents, teachers peer group and society at large to develop attitudes
and behavior patterns that art considered appropriate for members of
their sex.
 Learning experiences are determined by the individual’s sex. In the
home, at school and in play groups, children learn what is considered
appropriate for members of their sex.
 The attitude of parents and other significant family members towards
individuals because of their sex. Strong preferences for a child of a
given sex have marked influences on parents’ attitudes affecting
relationship with the child.
 1.1 Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development and
the Concept of Erogenous Zone
 Every child goes through a sequence of developmental stage and that the
child’s experiences during these stages determine adult personality
characteristics.

 The adult personality is formed by the end of the 5 year of life. Each stage
has an erogenous association with stimulation and pleasure.
 He use the term fixation to describe what occurs when a person does not
progress normally from stage to stage but remains overly involved with a
particular stage. That person prefers to gratify her/his needs in simpler or
more childlike ways than in an adult mode that would result in normal
development
Psychosexual Erogenous Fixations Conflicts Results
Stage Zone

Oral Stage Mouth Oral Incorporative Frustration-Fed on a Schedule-Fed: tight- lipped

(birth- 2 years (centered on or Oral Aggressive Schedule to meet nutritional people who cut only for
old) feeding) requirements nourishment
Overindulgence- Child is Demand-Fed: gives rise
fed at any time the child to’oral pleasures (eating.
wants Drinking, smoking, oral
sex) child is self- absorbed
and egoistical

Anal Stage (2 Anus Anal Retentive or Frustration-parents demand Controlling-

to 3 years old) (centered on Anal Expulsive exacting control of bowel Withholding, stringent,
toilet habits. Overindulgence- selective with friends
training) parents allow child freedom, (controlled, hoarding)
or is lenient in bowel. Uncontrolled-gullible.
Easily trusts, lax,
disorganized
Phallic Genital area Oedipus/ elektra Heterosexualizing Boy will grow up seeking a
stage (3- 5 complex interactions. Jealousy woman like his mother
years old) Castration develops problems with Girl will grow up wanting to
Anxiety parent-identification have a male child
Penis envy Homosexuality will occur if
normal identifications are
reverse

Latency Secondary Sexual Repression of oedipal Reality principle and learning

stage (6 sexual maturation attachments reduction of of skills establishing gender
years- characteristi sexuality in the child identity
puberty) cs

Genital Whole body Mating, dating Sexual instincts and sexual Sublimate sexual energy into
stage and social conflicts reappear emotional commitments to
(puberty- interaction Death instincts reappears sports, cheerleading, music,
onwards) Sexual instincts are band, academics, politics,
repressed church, or other endeavors.
Hostility, rebelliousness or
juvenile delinquency.
Vows of celibacy, attractions to
mystical philosophies, gangs,
religions or cults
H u m a n R e p ro d u c t i v e
System
 • The ovaries produce 400,000 eggs or so
Female organ every 28 days

• The ovum is 100,000 times larger than the

sperm cell. The egg cell carries the X
• chromosome (Villafuerte, SL. 2013).
Puberty in girls usually starts between
ages 8-13, along with all the bodily
changes (breast, hair, skin, hips, voice) it
is also where Menarche (from the Greek
words ‘moon’ and Beginning), the first
menstrual period, would seal the growth
spurt and signal the female’s sexual
maturity.
 • The testes produce 200 million sperm
cells/spermatozoa every week. It carries
Male Organ X or Y chromosome, which is the sex-
determining cell (Villafuerte, SL. 2013).

• Puberty starts around 10-15 years old and

explains why some girls look more
mature than boys.
• The testosterone hormone causes most of
the changes in a boy’s body and men
need sperm to reproduce (kidshealth.org,
2008).
 Besides the physical changes (voice, hair, size of penis,
larynx), his brain changes. Unlike women varying
monthly to create menstrual cycles, the hormones in
mens brains are constantly active (Tsiaras, 2006). This
may be the reason why men are said to think about sex
more than women.
1. 3 Human Sexual Response
 Biological factors such as the presence of androgens, estrogens and
progesterone prime people for sex.
 People are all a little different from each other, so it makes sense that they
don’t all develop in the same way (kidshealth.org, 2008).
 Sexual motivation, often referred to libido, is a person’s overall sexual drive
or desire for sexual activity. This is motivated biological, psychological, and
social factors
 In most mammals, sex hormones controls the ability to engage in sexual
behaviors. However, sex hormones do not directly regulate ability to
copulate in humans; They are only one influence on the motivation to
engage sexual behaviors.
 Social factors such as WORK and FAMILY also have an impact, as do
internal psychological factors like personality and stress.
Sexual Response Cycle - a model that describes
the physiological responses that take place during
According to William Masters and Virginia Johnson, the cycle
sexual activity.
consists of four phases:
1) Excitement (desire/arousal)
2) Plateau
3) Orgasm
4) Resolution
 Desire Phase
Sexual Urges occur in response to Arousal Stage
sexual cues or fantasies. A subjective sense of
sexual pleasure an
psychological signs of
sexual arousal: in males,
Resolution Phase penile tumescence
Decrease in arousal occurs after (Increase flow of blood
orgasm (particularly in man) into the penis); in females,
vasocongestion (blood
pools in the pelvic area )
leading to vaginal
lubrication an breast
Orgasm Phase tumescence (erect nipples)
In males, feelings of the
inevitability of ejaculation,
followed by ejaculation: in
females contractions of the walls Plateau Phase
of the lower third of the vagina. Brief period occurs before orgasm
1.4 The Basic Biology of Sexual Behavior: Teen Sexual
Behavior
 Adolescents, experiencing strong sexual desire for the first time and eager
for all pleasures life can offer, are frequently tempted to throw caution to
the wind and indulge (Tria, et al., 2012).
 TV, movies, and music are not the only influences—the Internet provides
teens with seemingly unlimited access to information on sex as well as a
steady supply of people willing to talk about sex with them. Teens may
feel safe because they can remain anonymous while looking for
information on sex.

 Sexual predators know this and manipulate young people into online
relationships and, later, set up a time and place to meet.
2. Human
Sexuality
 Sexuality is much more than sexual feelings or sexual
intercourse. It is an import part of who a person is and what
she/he will become.
 Includes all the feelings, though and behaviors associated with
being female or male, being attractive and being in love, as
well as being in a relationship that includes sexual intimacy
and sensual and sexual intimacy.
 2.1 The Five Circles of
Sexuality
1) Sensuality - awareness and feeling about your own body and other
people’s bodies, especially the body of a sexual partner
2) Sexual Intimacy – is the ability to be emotionally close to another
human being and to accept closeness in return.
3) Sexual identity - is a person’s understanding of who he/she is
sexually, including the sense of being male or of being female.
4) Reproduction and Sexual Health -These are a person’s capacity to
reproduce and the behaviors and attitudes that make sexual
relationships healthy and enjoyable
5) Sexualization -is that aspect of sexuality in which people behave
sexually to influence, manipulate, or control other people
 Sexuality in adolescent youth (ages 13 to 19)- Once
youth have reached puberty and beyond they experiece
increased interest in romantic and sexual relationships and
genital sex behaviors. As youth mature, they experience
strong emotional attachments romantic partners and find it
natural to express their feelings within sexual relationship
There is no way to predict how a particular teenager will
act sexually. Overall, adolescents explore relationships
with one another, fall in and out of love, and participate
sexual intercourse before the age of 20.
2.2 The Chemistry of Lust, Love and
Attachment
 Lust This is a phase which is driven by the sex hormones
testosterone and estrogen – in both men and women.
 Attraction This phase is said to be one of the beautiful
moments of life. This is the phase when a person actually
starts to feel the love.
 Attachment is a bond helping the couple to take their
relationship to advanced levels. It instigates the feeling of
bearing children and falling in love with them
wholeheartedly
3. The Diversity of Human Sexuality.
 Gender bias - means holding stereotyped opinions about people
according to their gender. Gender bias might include believing that
women are less intelligent or less capable than men that men suffer from
“testosterone poisoning,” that men cannot raise children without the help
of women, that women cannot be analytical, that men cannot be
sensitive. Many times, people hold fast to these stereotyped opinions
without giving rational thought to the subject of gender
  isRefers
What SexualtoOrientation
an enduring
? pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual
attractions to men, women, or both sexes. Sexual orientation also refers
to a person’s sense of identity based on those attractions, related
behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those
attractions.
How do people know if they are lesbian, gay, or bisexual?

 According to current scientific and professional understanding, the core

attractions that form the basis for adult sexual orientation typically emerge
between middle childhood and early adolescence. These patterns of
emotional, romantic, and sexual attraction may arise without any prior sexual
experience. Different lesbian, gay, and bisexual people have very different
experiences regarding their sexual orientation. Some people know that they
are lesbian, gay, or bisexual for a long time before they actually pursue
relationships with other people.
3.1 Sexual Health and Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Infections
 Sexual intercourse - one of the most common behaviors among humans.
Sexual intercourse is a behavior that may produce sexual pleasure that
often culminates in orgasm in females and in males. Sexual intercourse
may also result in pregnancy and/or STDs.

 Premarital Sex - sexual activity practiced by people who are unmarried. It

can be any sexual relations a person has prior to marriage. The alternative
terms for premarital sex have been suggested, including non-marital sex
(which overlaps with adultery), youthful and young-adult sex.
 People who have premarital sex are recommended by health professionals
to take precautions to protect themselves against sexually transmitted
infections (STIs) such as HIV/AIDS. There is also a risk of an unplanned
pregnancy in heterosexual relationships.
 Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Infections
These are also known as Venereal Diseases(VD). They are passed
through sexual contact or genital-through vaginal intercourse, oral
sex and anal sex. The term STI evolved from “venereal disease” to
“sexually transmitted disease”, then “sexually transmitted
infection” which has a broader range of meaning: that it can be
passed without disease. (You don’t have to be ill to infect others).
 HIV/AIDS
It is the “Human Immunodeficiency Virus”. This is the
retro-virus genetic info @RNA than DNA. HIV is the
virus that causes AIDS and it is preventable and
managable but not curable.

AIDS is “Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome”.

Since this is a syndrome, there are several manifestation
of the breakdown in body’s immune system and have
developed in people who have been infected by HIV.
How do people get AIDS? AIDS is developed through:
a. Bodily fluids (blood products-transfusions, semen and vaginal
fluids)

b. Intravenous (IV) Drug Abuse (sharing needles and use of

unsterilized blades)

c. Sexual intercourse (unprotected vaginal, oral and anal sex)

3.2. Teenage Pregnancy
 Pregnancy under the age of 20
 In teenage pregnancy, there are risks of low birth weight,
premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are connected to
the biological age itself, as it was observe in teen births.
Prevention of Teenage Pregnancy
Comprehensive sex education and access to birth control
appear to reduce unplanned teenage pregnancy. It is
unclear if a single intervention is most effective. In the
United States free access to a long acting form of
reversible birth control along with education decreased the
rates of teen pregnancies by around 80% and the rate of
abortions by more than 75%.
The Dutch approach toEducation
preventing teenage pregnancy has
often been seen as a model by other countries. The
curriculum focuses on values, attitudes, communication
and negotiation skills, as well as biological aspects of
reproduction. The media has encouraged open dialogue
and the health-care system guarantees confidentiality and
a non-judgmental approach.
3.3 Family Planning/Responsible Parenthood
 The concept of family planning is a mandatory topic
in the curriculum. Family planning, also called
responsible parenthood, is as old as humankind. It is
a simple way of regulating and spacing the births of
children. It is giving birth according to the health
and economic conditions of the family, giving birth
of the mother according to her right age.
Benefits derived from Family Planning are identified as
follows:

1. For the family to promote healthy, happy family.

Family Planning Methods/Methods of
Contraception

1. Natural Birth Control employs natural control

methods that people do to prevent an unintended
pregnancy are without the use of modern/artificial
ways of contraception. These require commitment
2. Artificial Birth Control employs artificial control
methods to help prevent mended pregnancy use
modern contemporary measures such as contraceptive
a birth control pills, diaphragm, male and female
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