KALINDI COLLEGE

UNIVERISTY OF DELHI

DELHI SULTANATE
- Lodhi Garden
By: Aditi Ratna
Roll No.:
22501311
BA Prog. (His.
+ Pol.Sc.) | Sem 3
 INTRODUCTION - DELHI SULTANATE
 The Delhi Sultanate or the Sultanate of Delhi was a late medieval empire primarily
based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, for 320
years (1206–1526).
 Five unrelated heterogeneous The longest ruling Sultans of the Delhi Sultanate are:
-The Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290)
-The Khalji dynasty (1290–1320)
-The Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414)
-The Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451)
-The Lodi dynasty (1451–1526)
 Longest ruling sultans of the Delhi sultanate:
-Bahlul Khan Lodi - 38 years.
-Firoz Shah Tughlaq - 37 years.
-Muhammad bin Tughluq - 26 years.

 Khilji Dynasty ruled for the shortest.

DELHI SULTANATE TIMELINE
 INTRODUCTION - LODHI
GARDEN
 The garden dates back to the 15th century and is named after the Lodi dynasty
that ruled over Delhi once.

 The garden is also home to the tombs of several rulers from the Lodhi dynasty that
are architectural marvels too.

 The most notable of these tombs are the twin tombs of Bada Gumbad (Big Dome)
and Shish Gumbad (glazed tomb).

 Elsewhere in the gardens lie the tombs of Mohammed Shah and Sikander Lodi, both
of which are relatively rare examples of architecture from their respective periods.

 Athpula, an eight-piered bridge across a small lake built by the third Mughal
emperor, Akbar, in the late 16th century.
LODHI GARDEN
MAP
 Art
"Calligraphy"
 The calligraphy at Lodhi Garden is often in the form of inscriptions and
writings on the walls, structures, and sometimes even on standalone
plaques within the garden.
 Inscriptions typically include Persian and Arabic verses, often from poetry
or religious texts, showcasing the rich cultural heritage and historical
significance of the region.
 The calligraphy styles can vary, including Naskh, Thuluth, or Nasta'liq
scripts, showcasing the skill and artistry of the calligraphers of that time.
 The calligraphy in Lodhi Garden is predominantly associated with the
historical monuments and structures that date back to the Lodhi and
Sayyid dynasties.
 Art
"Calligraphy"

➢The calligraphy at Lodhi Garden is often in the form of

inscriptions and writings on the walls, structures, and
sometimes even on standalone plaques within the garden.
 POLITICAL SITUATION IN MESOPOTAMIA

• The Mesopotamians believed their

kings and queens were descended from
the city of gods, but they never believed
their kings were actually gods.

CODE OF HAMMURABI
 • Kings often named themselves ‘king of the universe’ or ‘great king’.

• Kings had to look after their people.

• King Hammurabi created a set of rules containing the crimes and their punishments. And citizen
conduct.

ECONOMIC SITUATION IN MESOPOTAMIA

• Poor people mostly had to depend on crops because they were economically week.
• Rich people had slaves and
easier ways of obtaining food.

• Farming was main way to get food

and other needs. Irrigations
techniques were used.

• Barter systems were used.

GOVERMENT IN

MESOPOTAMIA
• Mesopotamia did not have protection
from natural boundaries.

• This led to constant migrations of Indo-

European people from the area between
the Black and Caspian seas.
• This led to a constant migration and
'Cultural Diffusion', or the process where
an existing culture adopts the traits of
another and the two eventually merge
into a new culture.

• As a result, a strong central government

failed to develop in Mesopotamia.

• The dominant political unit was the 'City-

State', a small area surrounding a large,
complex city.
RELIGIOUS BELIEVES IN
MESOPOTAMIA
• Poor people mostly had to depend on
crops because they were economically
week.
• Believed the world was a flat disc
surrounded by space. Above it was the
heavens.
• Polytheistic - elating to or
characterized by belief in or worship
of more than one god.
• Ziggurats were built to connect heaven
to earth. Ziggurats were built of mud
bricks.
• Religious events held at temple.
• Every city had their own god or
goddess who owned everything and
everyone.
• 4 gods created and controlled
universe. They were – • God of
Heaven
• God of Air
• God of Water
• Goddess of Earth.

GEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN
MESOPOTAMIA

• Little Rainfall

• Hot and Dry Climate

• Windstorms leaving muddy river
valleys in winter.

• Catastrophic flooding of the rivers

in spring.

• Arid soil containing little minerals.

• No stone or timber resources

 MESOPOTAMIA
CIVILIZATION – BABYLONIA
(1792 – 539 B.C.)

• Inherited culture of Sumer.

• Became seat of strong
central government.
• Great cultural and religious
center.
• Babylon became greatest
city in the world.
• Created the 60-minute
hour.
• Created a calendar with 12
lunar months.
• Created advanced
multiplication tables.
• Greatest leader of
Babylonia
– Hammurabi.
MESOPOTAMIA CIVILIZATION
– ASSYRIA (1115-612 B.C.)
• Conquered Babylon with chariots,
battering rams and armored horses.

• Forced the conquered into slave

labor.

• Built cities with ornate palaces and

temples.

• Developed the sewage system.

• Opened trade links with other

kingdoms.

• Greatest leaders of Assyria Tiglath-

pileser III, Senacherib and
Ashurbanipal II
THANK YOU