Engineering Management & Economics

EME-9

(Management Functions: Controlling & Leading)

Human Relations Skills
• Self – Understanding: • Understanding
1. your leadership style Others:
2. your decision making The leader who works
style hard to get to know each
person that works for
3. your relationships & them will be a better
perceptions with others manager & leader.
Human Relations Skills
Communication:
the process of passing information and
understanding from one person to another.
Managers must understand what information need to be
communicated and what methods to use. They must be
understandable and good listeners.

One Way Two Way

• No feedback • Feedback
• No Discussion • Interaction
• Do as your told • Discussion
Human Relations Skills

Team Building Developing Job Satisfaction

• Getting people to • Managers should
believe in the goals of match the job tasks
the company and work with the needs and
well together to interests of their
accomplish them. employees to maintain
a high level of job
satisfaction.
Management Views of Employees
Clos Limit
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Man Man
age age
men men
t or t or
Theo Theo
ry X ry Y

• Each manager has attitudes about people and work.

• Theory X - These managers believe that employees dislike work & avoid it whenever possible. These
managers closely supervise and control workers and make all important decisions.

• Theory Y: - These managers believe that employees obtain satisfaction from doing a job well. They
feel that employees do not need close supervision. Employees are allowed a great deal of control over
their own work & are not supervised closely.

• Theory Z: - the manager who changes from one viewpoint to another as circumstances change is likely
to be the most effective manager. Flexibility is crucial because all employees are different.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsS
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McClelland’s Achievement Theory

Achievement Power Affiliation

Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
Achievement
Recognition
The work itself
Responsibility
Advancement

No Satisfaction Satisfaction

Dissatisfaction No Dissatisfaction

Company Policy
Administration
Supervision
Salary
Working Conditions
Standards
• Expected amount of work

Quantity • i.e. number of units produced

• i.e. number of prospective customers a
sales rep must contact

• consistency in performance

Quality • Products inspected for quality before

being sold
• Has now become a company wide
commitment

Time • How long to complete an activity

• i.e. Builders need to keep projects
running on a time schedule

• Most often watched control

Cost
• why the head of the accounting dept is
called the controller
• i.e. most widely used cost controlling
device is a budget- actual costs are
compared to budgeted amounts