Unit 4

Unit 4
A Defining Moment
NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES Book Three

Around the Topic Section A Section B Section C
Section A
A Defining Moment
Warming-
up A Defining Moment
Para 1
This story took place in an Asian community on
January 29th, 1996, when I was the C-shift captain at
Station Three. On this particular night Sherm and Dan
were already in bed when Dispatch phoned from the
California Central Fire Department.
关键时刻
故事发生在 1996 年 1 月 29 日一个亚裔社区里，当
时我是三号站 C 班的值班组长。在这个特别的晚上，谢尔姆和
丹已经上床睡觉了，这时，调度员从加利福尼亚中心消防局打
Exercises 电话过来。
Chinese
A Defining Moment Para 2-4

Warming-
up “Dennis, I didn’t think this was much, so I didn’t sound the
alarm. I thought I’d let you decide whether or not you’d want to
investigate it,”she said.
“What’s up?” I replied.
“A citizen smelled natural gas in a district about half a block
from your station.” Chinese
“ 丹尼斯，我并不认为有什么大问题，因此我没有
发警报。我想可以让你们自己决定到底要不要去查看一
下，”她说。
Exercises “ 什么事？”我问道。
“ 一个市民在离你们站大约半个街区的地方闻到了
天然气的味道。”
Warming- Para 5-6

up
“Thanks for the information,”I said and then
hung up.
Although “gas investigations” rarely turn out to be
anything,we’re in the business of safety. I woke up
Sherm and Dan and said, “Hey guys, we have a gas
investigation to check out.”
“ 知道了，谢谢，”我说，然后挂上了电话。
尽管“煤气检查”最后很少是什么大问题，但是我们毕竟
在从事安全工作。我叫醒谢尔姆和丹：“喂，伙计们，我们得
Exercises
去查查煤气。”
Chinese
Warming- Para 7-8

up
I figured it would be the normal “nothing call” and we
drove to the area, noses alert for the smell of natural gas.
As we passed a three-building apartment-house complex,
I caught the slightest scent of natural gas in the living
quarters. We parked and began to conduct the investigation.
我猜这大概又是那种司空见惯的“无事电话”。我们驱车
赶到那个区域，拼命用鼻子搜寻天然气的气味。
当我们开车经过一个三幢建筑连成的公寓楼群时，我在居
民区闻到了一点点天然气的气味。我们停下车，然后开始调
Exercises 查。
Chinese
Para 9-10
Warming-
The smell seemed stronger as we moved closer, but
up
what really began to concern me was the distant sound
of rushing air. I followed the sound, and when I was right
on top of it, it sounded like a little jet engine. I was sure
this was a large natural gas leak.
I immediately contacted Dispatch asking for help.
“I’m sure I hear gas escaping-this thing could blow at any
moment! We’ve got to get moving on this before we
have a real disaster on our hands.” Chinese
我们越往里走，煤气味道也越来越浓。但是真正使我不安的是远
处咝咝的气流冲击声。我循声寻去，走到声响的上方时，那声音
“呼呼”地像台小喷气式发动机。我断定这是重大的天然气泄漏。
Exercises 我立刻联系调度员，要求支援。“我肯定我听到了气体泄漏
声，这东西随时可能爆炸。我们必须在灾难发生前采取行动处理
它。”
Warming- Para 11
up
I knew if the building blew it would cause a tremendous
amount of damage to the entire area. There would
probably be some loss of life. The potential of this
happening called for an immediate evacuation of all the
surrounding buildings, plus we would need the police to
seal off the neighborhood, wake people up and get them
out.
我知道，如果大楼爆炸，整个地区会遭受巨大损失，甚至会
出现人员伤亡。形势需要我们立刻撤离附近大楼里的人员，我们
Exercises 还需要警方封锁邻近地区，叫醒并疏散这里的居民。
Chinese
Warming- Para 12
up
When the chief came with his team, I explained what I

had seen and heard and suggested an evacuation of all
buildings and homes. The chief took the suggestion, and
under his command, the evacuation went as smoothly as
could be expected.
局长带了人来，我汇报了我的所见所闻，并建议撤离大楼
和住房中的所有人员。局长采纳了这个建议，在他的指挥下，
撤离工作进展得非常顺利。
Exercises
Chinese
Para 13-14
Warming- “Well, we can’t stand around waiting all night-if
up something doesn’t happen soon, we’re going to have to
send a couple of men in there. We need more
information,” the chief announced.
The chief decided to keep me at the command post
and to send in firefighter Sherm with another captain.
I was uneasy about this decision because I knew
Sherm had four children and I felt that he and I should
remain a team, but... the chief had made his decision.
“ 我们不能整夜站在这里等，如果还是这样，我们得派人进
去，我们需要掌握更多的情况，”局长说。
局长决定将我留在指挥岗位，而派遣消防员谢尔姆和另一个
组长进去。对这个决定我有些不安，因为我知道谢尔姆有四个孩
Exercises 子，而且我觉得我和他应该在一个小组，但是……，局长已经作
出了决定。
Chinese
Para 15-16
Warming- When Sherm received the order he stopped for a moment
up
and prayed to himself, “God, I have four children and a
wonderful wife; it wouldn’t be a good idea for me to leave
them right now. If that building’s going to blow, why not
blow it up now before I get in there?” .
And the building did blow-with an enormous fireball and a
shockwave that was felt for miles. Many of the
neighboring buildings suffered major damage from the
explosive force, including some nearby homes that were
moved off their foundations.
谢尔姆领命后停了一会儿，他默默地祈祷：“上帝啊，我有四
个孩子和一个可爱的妻子，我不想现在就离开他们。如果大楼要爆
炸的话，何不在我进去之前就把它炸了呢？”
Exercises 大楼果真爆炸了，冲起一个巨大的火球，冲击波震及数英里，
炸毁多幢邻近大楼，附近的住房有些被整个掀掉，只剩下了地基。
Chinese
Warming-
Para
up 17
The most remarkable thing about all of this was that not
only didn’t anyone die, but not a single person, not even a
firefighter, was injured. You wait your whole career for that
one defining moment. And that one night was my moment
that showed me why I had become a firefighter.And that one
night was my moment that showed me why I had become a
firefighter.
但是整个事件里最令人称奇的是不仅没有人死亡，而且还没有人
受伤，甚至连消防员也没有受伤。在一个人一生的职业生涯里，等
待的就是这么一个关键时刻。我的关键时刻就是那个晚上，它说明
了我为什么要当一个消防队员。
Exercises
Chinese
Warming- Words & Expressions

up
define safety pray

shift complex remain
particular conduct announce
central disaster
citizen remarkable
district neighborhood
Exercises
Warming-
up Words & Expressions
What’s up? get moving
hang up on one’s hands
wake up seal off
on top of to oneself
Exercises
Warming- define v. 1 ）显示……的特征（特性、特质）

up 2 ）给（词或概念）下定义
e.g. What defines us as human?
我们作为人的特征是什么？
It is extremely difficult to define these terms.
给这些术语下定义太难了。
Exercises
It is your passions that define you.
有激情是你的特点。
Exercises Some words are hard to define because they have many
different uses.
有些词难以下定义，因为它们有许多不同的用法。
Warming- shift n. 1 ）当班时间，班次工作时间

up 2 ）轮班工人
e.g. I’m on day shift this week. 这个星期我当白班。

The night shift usually arrives at 6:00 a.m.
晚班工人一般是早晨 6 点下班。
Exercises
Are you on the day shift or the night shift?
你是上白班还是上晚班？
Exercises As the night shift leaves, the day shift arrives.
晚班工人下班后，白班工人来了。
Warming-
up particular adj. 特有的；某个的
e.g. This particular case is an exception to the rule.

这个特殊的个案是一个例外。
Exercises
Usually I like dogs, but I don't like

this particular one.
通常情况下我是喜欢狗的，但这
Exercises 种狗我不喜欢。
Warming-
up
central adj. 中心的；中央的
e.g. the central plains of North America
北美中部的平原地带
Exercises
Computer terminals in various parts of the
country are linked up to a central database.

全国各处的电脑终端都与中央数据库
Exercises
相连接。
Warming-
up citizen n. 1. ( 尤指享有选举权或其他权利的 ) 市民；城镇居民
2. 公民；国民
e.g. The new policies are not popular with the citizens as they are based on
prejudice and ignorance.
这些新政策不受市民的欢迎，因为它们是在偏见和无知的基础上
定的。
She's a British citizen but lives in India.
她是英国公民，但居住在印度。
Exercises
The citizen of the city can call on the mayor directly.
这个城市的居民可以直接与市长通电话。
Exercises
She became a US citizen after living there for several years.
她在美国住了几年后，成了美国公民。
Warming- district n. 行政区；地区

up
e.g. a postal district 邮政区
a district council 区议会
Exercises
After having lived for over twenty years in the same district,
Albert was forced to move to a new neighborhood. 在这一地
区生活了二十多年后，阿尔伯特被迫迁往一个新街区。
An English romantic poet, William Wordsworth found his

Exercises
inspiration in the Lake District scenery.
英国浪漫派诗人威廉 · 华兹华斯从湖区的景色中获取灵感。
Warming- safety n. 安全；保险

up
e.g. The safety of the ship is the captain's responsibility.
确保船的安全是船长的责任。
Exercises
She led the children to a place of safety.
她把孩子们领到了一个安全的地方。
Exercises
Warming-
complex n. 综合系统，综合体
up
adj. 复杂的，费解的
e.g. A new shopping complex is being built on the edge of
the city.
城市的边缘地带正在建造一个新的综合性商场。
Exercises
They live in a large apartment complex.

他们住在一个大公寓楼里。
Exercises
Warming- conduct vt. 1) 实施；经营 2) 陪伴；引

up 导
n. out
e.g. The company conducted a survey to find 行为；举止
local reaction to the leisure
center. 公司进行了一项调查以了解当地对游乐活动中心的反应。
The guide conducted us round the castle. 导游陪伴我们参观了古堡。
The reporter was accused of immoral conduct.
那位记者被指控有不道德的行为。
Exercises
We went on a conducted tour of the cathedral.

我们在导游的引导下参观了大教堂。
Exercises Your children's conduct is praiseworthy.
你的孩子们的品行值得表扬。
Warming-
up disaster n. 灾难；不幸
e.g. The flood was a terrible disaster; hundreds of people died.

那次洪水是一场可怕的灾难，有数以百计的人丧生。
Exercises
The crash was the worst air disaster

this year.
那次飞机坠毁事件是今年最严重的
Exercises
空难。
Warming-
up
neighborhood n. 四邻；住宅区
e.g. neighborhood with school

附近有学校的住宅区
Exercises
a quiet neighborhood with good shops

有好商店而且很安静的住宅区
Exercises
Warming- announce v. 通告；宣布

up
e.g. They announced the date of their wedding in
the paper.
他们在报上宣布了结婚日期。
Exercises
The government has announced that

electricity charges will go up in the
spring.
政府宣布电费将在春季加价。
Exercises
Warming- remain v. 继续，依然（不变）

up e.g. People guess that the price of oil should remain stable
for the next ten months.
人们猜测在未来 10 个月中，石油价格应该会保持不变
Exercises
Poverty, disease, regional conflicts and ignorance remain
major world problems.
贫穷、疾病、地区冲突和无知仍是当今世界的主要问
Exercises
题。
She remains unmarried. 她一直没有结婚。

Warming-
up pray v. 祈祷；祈求
e.g. They went to the church to pray.

他们去教堂做祷告。
Exercises
I will pray to God for your safety.

我要向上帝祈祷，保佑你们平安。
Exercises
Warming-
up remarkable adj. 值得注意的，出众的
e.g. The sick man made remarkable strides in his health
and got well.
那个病人病情（身体状况）大有好转，直至
Exercises
India is remarkable for its IT industry.

印度的 IT 业是出了名的。
Exercises
Warming- What’s up? 出什么事了？

up
e.g. What’s up? What’s happening? or What’s the matter?
出什么事了？
Exercises
Haven’t seen you for ages. What’s up?

很长时间没有见到你了，出了什么事吗？
What’s up? Your face is as white as a piece of
paper.
Exercises
出什么事了？你的脸色煞白。
Warming- hang up 挂断电话

up
e.g. It's a bad line; hang up and I'll call you back.
这条线说话听不清楚，请挂上电话，我重新给你打。
Exercises
He was so angry that he hung up on her.

他一气之下挂断了她的电话。
Exercises
Warming- wake up 弄醒；醒来

up
e.g. I was woken up by the bell.

我被铃声吵醒。
Exercises
She had to wake up several times a

night when her baby was ill. 因为她
的孩子病了，一个晚上她要醒来几
Exercises 次。
Warming-
up
on top of 1) 在……之上
2) 除……之外
e.g. There was a pile of toys on top of the table.
桌上有一堆玩具。
He lost his job and on top of that his wife died of cancer.
他丢了工作，不仅如此，他的妻子也死于癌症。
Exercises
He got tips on top of his wages.

Exercises
他除工资之外还有小费。
Warming-
up
get moving 抓紧做
e.g. You’d better get moving; otherwise you cannot meet
the deadline.
你最好抓紧时间做，不然，你无法赶上最后期限。
Exercises
Our report is late; we must get moving.

我们的报告已经耽误了，我们要抓紧时间
Exercises
做。
Warming-
up
on one's hands 由某人负责；握有
e.g. At the beginning of a term, you may feel that you have
plenty of time on your hands.
学期开始，你会觉得有很多时间由你支配。
Exercises
Now they have their grandson

on their hands.
Exercises 他们现在要照看孙子。
Warming-
up
seal off 封闭，把……封锁起来
e.g. Police sealed off the area where the murderer was
suspected to be hiding.
警察将杀人犯可能的藏匿之处封锁起来了。
Exercises
Police sealed off the street.

警察封锁了街道。
Exercises
Warming-
up
to oneself 独自，暗自
e.g. He smiled to himself at the thought of someone who

would dance on the beach.
一想到有人要在沙滩上跳舞，他情不自禁笑了起
Exercises
He seems to be speaking to himself.

他看上去像在自言自语。
Exercises
Warming-
up
Exercises
Using the Right Word
Working with Expressions

Text A
Focusing on Sentence Structure
Translating
Using Topic-related Terms
Basic Writing Skills

Warming- Fill in the blanks with the words given below, changing the
up form if necessary. Fill in each blank with one word only.
safety shift particular smoothly conduct
defining neighborhood announce remarkable
escape
defining moment came when I had to decide
1. My _______
Text A
whether to become a firefighter in a city or a farmer in
my hometown.
particular type you
2. Shall I order beer, or is there some ________
prefer?
3. At the news conference ( 新闻发布会 ), he announced
_________ to the media that he is going to run for
President.
4. The first government-to-governmentsmoothly
contact between
the two nations was carried out ________.
Using the Right Word

Warming-
up safety shift particular smoothly conduct
defining neighborhood announce remarkable
remain
remarkable
5. After two years’ effort, she has made _________
Text A
progress in her study of art.
neighborhood
6. We decide to move away from this ___________
because of too many crimes here.
7. They told us that they are waiting for the day
____ to come and take over the work.
shift
8. The man broke down the locked door and
_______.
escaped
Warming- Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences

up with a suitable preposition or adverb.
on top of a car, giving a speech to the

1. He stood _____
Text A excited crowds.
out
2. I could hardly believe that what he said turned _____
to be true.
3. The Football Association is likely to call _____
for a ban
( 禁止 ) on alcohol ( 酒 ) at football games.
4. The street was sealed _____
off yesterday when a bomb
had been found in the car driven by a young man.
Warming-
Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences
up
with a suitable preposition or adverb.
5. We should get moving _____on this; otherwise

Text A
we cannot complete the project in July.
about asking him to do her a
6. She felt uneasy _____
big favor at this moment.
out the cause of the
7. They are still checking _____
air crash that happened on Monday morning.
8. Don’t you hate it when someone hangs _____ up
before you have finished speaking?

Warming- A. Rewrite the following sentences after the models,
up
using “-ing participles”.
• Model :
Text A The lecturer walked into the classroom.
He held a book in his hand.
The lecturer walked into the classroom, holding a book
in
his hand.
Warming-
up
1. She came up. She was holding a briefcase.
She came up, holding a briefcase.
Text A
2. He rushed off. He forgot to take his raincoat.
He rushed off, forgetting to take his raincoat.
3. I worked right through the semester. I neglected

food and rest.
I worked right through the semester, neglecting
food and rest.
Warming- Focusing on Sentence Structure

up
B. Rewrite the following pairs of sentences after
the model, using “absolute constructions” .
Model:
Text A
drove to the area. Our noses were alert for the smell
of natural gas.
drove to the area, (our) noses alert for the smell of
natural gas.
Warming-
up
1. His shirt was caught on a nail. The little boy could not
move.
His shirt caught on a nail, the little boy could not
move.
Text A 2. Her eyes were closed. She did not see what
happened in front of her.
Her eyes /Eyes closed, she did not see what
happened in front of her.
3. The work has been done. We feel relieved ( 宽慰的 )
and we have a good rest.
The work done, we feel relieved and we have a good
rest.
Translating
Warming-
up A. Translate the following into English.
1. 形势要求政府立即作出反应，否则，重大损失将
不可避免。（ call for ）
The situation calls for quick response from the
Text A
government; otherwise, heavy loss cannot be avoided.
2. 帕特（ Pat ）与家人在一起感到很不自在，他

不知道是否应该把这个消息公布出来。
（ whether or not, announce ）
Pat felt uneasy with his family, wondering whether or
not to announce the news.
Translating
Warming-
up A. Translate the following into English.
3. 目前，他们正展开全面调查，以弄清这次事故
的原因。（ conduct, investigation ）
Text A Currently, they are conducting a full investigation to work
(find) out what caused the accident. (Or: At present, they are
conducting a full investigation into the cause of the accident.)
4. 我们需要查证他所说的是否属实。如果真是如
此，我们要采取必要措施，防止考试作弊行为的
发生。（ check out ）
We need to check out what he said. If that is the case,
we should take necessary measures to prevent cheating
at exam from happening.
Translating
Warming-
B. Translate the following into Chinese.
up
1. Although “gas investigations” rarely turn out to be

anything, we’re in the business of safety.
Text A 尽管“煤气检查” 最后很少是什么大问题，但
是我们毕竟在从事安全工作。
2. I figured it would be the normal “nothing call” and
we drove to the area, noses alert for the smell of
natural gas.
我猜这大概又是那种司空见惯的“无事电话”。
我们驱车赶到那个区域，拼命用鼻子搜寻天然气
的气味。
Translating
Warming- B. Translate the following into Chinese.
up
3. The chief took the suggestion, and under his
command, the evacuation went as smoothly as could
be expected.
Text A
局长采纳了这个建议，在他的指挥下，撤离工作
进展得非常顺利。
4. Many of the neighboring buildings suffered major
damage from the explosive force, including some
nearby homes that were moved off their
foundations.
爆炸力使邻近的很多大楼遭受严重的破坏，附
近的住房有些被整个掀掉，只剩下了地基。
Using Topic-related Terms

Warming- Use the following words and expressions to complete
up
the passage below. Change the form where necessary.
wake up defining What’s up
District quarter on our hands
Text A
One deep night, I was fast asleep when someone
woke
____ me __up . On opening my eyes I saw the captain
What’s up ?” I asked. The
standing in front of me. “________
captain shouted: “Get up, quick! There is a big fire in
the district
______ two blocks away. Let’s get moving on this
right away, otherwise we may get a terrible disaster
on our Ihands
___________!” figured in my mind that another
_______defining
moment was coming upon me. I drove my
car to the spot and found the fire ignited ( 燃烧 ) in
the living _______. quarters
Warming- 1. 表示人们期望拥有，使用某物，并从中受益
up 2. 受雇用于某公司或者某人（为了）
3. 有人代做某事（为了）
4. 亲自做某事（为了）
5. 阐明物体的用途，或者行为目的（为了）
6. 表示某人想要或请求得到的东西（为了）
Text A 7. 去往某地
8. 解释原因或理由（因为）
9. 对某事怀有的感情（对于）
10.对于涉及到的人提出的看法（对于）
11.对某人或某事，什么很多，足够或者太少（对
于）
12.表时间
13.表距离
14.表示支出或交换，或付钱购买（为了）
Section B
Have a Little Faith
Have a Little Faith

. 1-2
P ara I have been reflecting lately on what it means
to be caught up in a defining moment ─ a
moment when you stand at a crossroads,
wondering which way to turn, which road to take.
Oh, you know the moment: it can be dramatic
and mysterious, or it can seem so ordinary and
normal, yet still be life-changing. Chinese
要有点自信
最近，我一直在思考人处在关键时刻——一种站在十
Exercises 字路口、思考应该转向何方、选择哪条道路的时刻——意
味着什么。
啊，你是知道这种时刻的：它来得突然，带着神秘；
或者它看似一般、正常，然而却能改变人的一生。
I have been reflecting lately on what it means to be caught up in a

defining moment ─ a moment when you stand at a crossroads,
wondering which way to turn, which road to take.
主谓宾
I have been reflecting lately on what it means to be caught up in a

defining moment ( 宾语从句 ).
a moment when you stand at a crossroads, wondering which way to

turn, which road to take
ara. 3
P
• Whatever the moment, large or small, it is still defining.
You do not choose this moment. Indeed, a requirement seems
to be that it must be something you are not prepared for, and
therefore did not plan for ─ all of this, then, makes it an
unthinkable moment. It becomes defining because no
matter what the choice is ─ to stand tall, to fall backward, or to
move forward ─ you know you will never be the same.
Chinese
不管这种时刻是长是短，它都很关键。这种时刻不是你
能选择的。的确，它的一个必要条件似乎是它必须是你现在
Exercises 对它没有心理准备，因此它不在你先前的计划之中。所有这
些使它成了不可想象的时刻。它之所以变得关键是因为无论
你做何选择，是挺身而出、勇往直前，还是退却，你都知道
你将不再是现在的你了。
ara. 4
P
• It feels as if lightning has shot through your body, awakening
your soul. Your heart stands still. You cannot breathe. You search
to listen to that still, small voice within you, knowing that this
may be a turn in the road where your dream might fade.
这种时刻使人感觉仿佛有一道闪电穿过全身，唤醒你的
心灵。你的心脏仿佛停止跳动，你仿佛不能呼吸。你静心聆听
那来自你内心的小小声音，明白这可能就是梦想消失时的岔路
口。
Exercises
Chinese
. 5-6
P ara
You ask: Who am I? What is important to me? And at

what cost?
These questions come from a knowingness that all is not
well, and a certainty that you will never, ever be the same. A
defining moment. Your defining moment.
你问：我是谁？什么东西对我重要？我要付出什么代
价？
这些问题源于知道一切都不顺利，知道你必将不再是现
在的你。关键的时刻啊，你的关键时刻。
Exercises
Chinese
ra.7
Pa
I certainly have found myself in those moments. I could
give you several examples of defining moments in my
professional career, but the ones in my personal life are much
more painful and sometimes more embarrassing to share. I
will share one of those with you now.
我也曾经历过这样的时刻。我可以给你举几个例子，说说我
职业生涯中的关键时刻，但是我个人生活中的关键时刻却更为痛
苦，有时与人分享更感到难堪。下面我就和你分享其中的一个。
Exercises
Chinese
ra.8
Pa
• It was July, 1980. I was living in California with my first
husband.
• While the marriage had begun as most marriages do or
should ─ with hope, love, and dreams ─ after ten years it had
gradually changed to despair, disappointments, and broken
promises. I found myself walking closely on the edge of
depression during this time of constant crisis. I knew that I had
to leave that place if I wanted to survive. Chinese
那是 1980 年 7 月，我和我的第一个丈夫住在芝加哥。和大多数
婚姻一样，我们的婚姻开始时也充满希望，充满爱，充满梦想。但
10 年之后，起初的希望变成了失望、绝望，海誓山盟也早已成为过
Exercises
眼云烟。在这危机不断的时候，我发现自己走到了抑郁的边缘。我
知道，如果自己想继续生存，就得离开那个地方。
ara. 9
P
On the eve of my return to Chicago in the new
semester to defend my doctoral dissertation, I almost
begged my then-husband to spend my last day in
California with me. I had wanted us to go for a drive
along the coast, have lunch, and perhaps see an opera,
or enjoy some other leisure activity together. He left that
morning at 8:00 a.m. and then I couldn't find him
anywhere all day long. I was filled with hopelessness and
despair. Chinese
新学期要开始了，在我返回芝加哥参加博士论文答辩的前夕，我
几乎乞求我的前夫，求他和我一起度过在加利福尼亚的最后一天。
Exercises 此前，我曾想我们一块儿开车去海边兜兜风，一块儿吃午饭，也许
一块儿看看歌剧，或者一块享受其他的消遣活动。可那天早上 8 点
他就离开了。我找了他一整天也没找到，心里充满了失望和绝望。
0- 11
ara. 1
P In a tiny room downstairs, I remembered that he had
a gun, fully loaded, given to him by his father. As I brought
the gun down, I began to cry and think, despite how
anxious and confused I was.
Fortunately, something I was not prepared for
happened; I felt as if lightning had shot through my body
and awakened my soul; my heart stood still; I could not
breathe. My defining moment was upon me and the
heavy fog around me began to lift. I said farewell to my
troubled life and chose to move on, alone.
在楼下的小房间里，我记得他有一把枪，上了膛，这枪是他父亲给他
的。在我把枪对着自己时，我开始一边哭一边想，心里非常焦虑和混乱。
有幸的是，意想不到的事发生了。我感觉好像有道闪电穿过我全身，
Exercises
唤醒了我的心灵，心脏仿佛停止了跳动，自己好像不能呼吸。关键时刻降
临到我头上，我身上的浓雾开始散去。我告别了我那苦恼的生活，选择只
身前进。 Chinese
12-13
ara.
P
That day I got on the plane with fifty dollars, two

bags full of clothes, and a copy of my dissertation.
And I never looked back. Everything I own today,
down to my socks, I have acquired by myself over
these past twenty-some years. I guess that's why I
appreciate it all so much.
That was my defining moment ─ a moment that I
survived because I relied on only myself.
那天我上了飞机，只带了 50 美元，提了两袋衣服，拿了一本
我的博士论文，从此再没有回头。今天，我所拥有的一切，包括
Exercises 我脚上穿的袜子，都是我经过二十多年的奋斗获得的。我想，这
便是我为何非常感激那关键时刻的缘故。 Chinese
那是我的关键时刻，是完全依靠自己而度过的关键时刻。
Words & Expressions
dramatic crisis
ordinary semester
indeed defend
beg
backward
breathe opera
gradually leisure
despair acquire
Exercises
appreciate rely
Words & Expressions
be/get caught up in
it feels as if
go for
as if/ though
rely on/ upon
Exercises
dramatic
adj. 【 1 】触目的；突然的
【 2 】激动人心的；不寻常的
e.g. a dramatic change 剧变

The ending of the novel is very dramatic.
这部小说的结尾不同寻常。
Exercises
Exercises He made a dramatic recovery.

他出人意料地康复了。
ordinary adj. 普通的；平常的
e.g. I think this artist's paintings are rather ordinary.

我认为这个画家的作品很一般。
Exercises
It's interesting to see how ordinary

people live in other countries.
看看其他国家的普通人怎样生活
Exercises
是件有趣的事。
indeed adv. 当然；确实
e.g. "Have you had a good holiday?" "We have indeed."

“ 假日玩得开心吗？”“当然开心。”
Exercises
Indeed, one needs a house to make

one's life comfortable.
Exercises 当然，有房子才能过得舒服。
backward adv. 倒退地；向后地

adj. 向后的
e.g. We seem to be going backward, not forward.
我们似乎在向后退，而不是前进。
a backward step 向后的一步
Exercises
Can you say the alphabet

backward? 你能倒背英语字母表
Exercises 吗？
a backward glance 向后的一瞥
breathe v. 呼吸
e.g. Fish cannot breathe out of water.

鱼离开水就不能呼吸。
Exercises
The doctor told me to breathe in deeply

and then breathe out.
Exercises 医生要我深深吸气，然后把气呼出来。
gradually adv. 逐渐地
e.g. The number of people without jobs has increased

gradually.
失业人数已逐渐上升。
Exercises
The old equipment has been replaced gradually.

老设备被逐渐替换。
Exercises
despair n. 绝望
v. 完
全失望；绝望
e.g. Despair drove him to attempt suicide.
他在绝望中企图自杀。
I despair of ever passing my driving test.
我对通过驾驶执照的考试不抱任何希望。
Exercises
Defeat after defeat drove us to despair.
一次又一次的失败使我们绝望了。
Exercises Don't despair. Keep trying and I'm sure you'll get it right.
不要绝望，继续努力，我相信你一定会成功的。
crisis n. 【 C 】 (pl. crises) 危机；紧要关头
e.g. in times of crisis 紧要时刻
Exercises
The sudden rise in oil prices has led to an

economic crisis.
油价突然上涨导致了经济危机。
Exercises
semester n. 学期
e.g. The new semester begins on September 1st.

新学期 9 月 1 日开始。
Exercises
There are two semesters

in our academic year.
Exercises 我们一学年两学期。
defend v. 1 ）为……辩护； 2 ）保卫，防护
e.g. He did a good job in defending his MA thesis.

他在硕士论文答辩时做得很好。
He joined the army to defend his motherland.
他参军保卫自己的祖国。
Exercises
How can you defend the killing of animals for scientific

research?
你怎能为因科学研究而杀死动物的行为辩护呢？
Exercises When the dog came towards me I picked up a stick to defend
myself.
当狗冲着我走过来时，我拾起一根棍子来自卫。
beg v. 请求；恳求；乞讨
e.g. Can I beg a favor of you? 我可以请求你帮个忙吗？

She begged some money for her children's clothes.
她讨了一些钱为孩子买衣服。
Exercises
He begged to be allowed to go.
他恳求获准离开。
There are people begging for food in the
Exercises
streets of New York.
在纽约街头有人乞求食物。
opera n. 歌剧
e.g. a light opera 轻歌剧
Exercises
leisure n. 空闲
e.g. Fishing is a popular leisure activity.

钓鱼是一种很受欢迎的消遣。
Exercises
Do it at your leisure; it's not urgent.

这事不急，你方便时再做。
Exercises
acquire v. 取得；获得
e.g. The company has recently acquired new offices in

central London.
公司最近在伦敦中心弄到了新的办公室。
Exercises
She acquired an American accent while

living in New York.
Exercises
她住在纽约时学会了一口美国音。
appreciate v. 感激 ; 欣赏，鉴赏
e.g. I‘d appreciate your help. 我很感激你的帮忙。

Few people appreciated this novel.
很少有人欣赏这部小说。
Exercises
I'd appreciate it if you could write me a recommendation letter.

如果你能给我写封推荐信，我很感激。
Exercises His abilities were not appreciated in his job.
得到他的才干在工作中没有赏识。
rely v. 依靠；依赖；信任；信赖
e.g. He was relying upon a broken reed.

他依靠着一个靠不住的人。
Exercises
You can't rely on the weather.

这天气靠不住。
Exercises
be/ get caught up in 卷入；陷入
e.g. Sorry to be late; I was caught up in the heavy rain.

抱歉迟到了，我遇上大雨了。
Exercises
The government got caught up in the dispute

between the miners and their employers.
Exercises 政府被卷入矿工和雇主之间的争执之中。
it feels as if 感觉好像；似乎
e.g. It feels as if it is going to rain soon.

看来快要下雨了。
Exercises
It feels as if there's something sticky on the floor.

有地板上似乎什么黏糊糊的东西。
Exercises
go for （离开某地）去做（某事）
e.g. Shall we go for a drive in the city?

我们开车在城里兜兜风好吗？
Exercises
No, I'd rather go for a swim.

不，我想去游泳。
Exercises
as if/ though 好像
e.g. We've missed the bus. It looks as if we'll have to walk.

我们误了公共汽车，看来只好步行了。
Exercises
He behaved as though nothing had

happened.
Exercises 他做出若无其事的样子。
rely on/ upon 1 ）依靠 , 依赖； 2 ）信任，信赖

e.g. Many students do not like having to rely on their parents
for money.
很多学生不喜欢在金钱方面依赖父母。
Can I rely on you to keep a secret?
我可以相信你会保守秘密吗？
Exercises
One has to rely on oneself in a defining moment.

危机时候人得靠自己。
Exercises
Don't rely on the bank lending you the money.
别指望银行会给你贷款。
Fill in each of the following blanks with the help of the first letter(s)
given below.
• 1. A thirteen-year-old girl is being treated after bre______
athing in
smoke.
• 2. If you say that you appr_____
eciate something that someone has
done for you, you mean that you are grateful to them for it.
Reading • 3. Grad____
ually we learn to speak and write in English.
Through • 4. She did a good job in def______
ending her doctoral dissertation.
• 5. He looked at his wife in desp__ air , not knowing what to do
with her.
• 6. She needn’t r___ ely any more on Rice—or her brothers, she
could be entirely independent.
• 7. “How’s your weekend? “Oh, nothing special. It was just an
• ord____
inary weekend for us.?
• 8. The president said he was still anx___
ious about the situation in
the country.
Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable

preposition ， adverb or a conjunction.
• 1. The plan did not work well; in fact it was _______

on the edge
of failure.
• 2. It feels ____________
as if/as though we are going to have a storm.
Reading • 3. Shall we go ________ a walk along the street or a drive in
Through for
the country?
on/upon oneself.
• 4. In times of crisis one has to rely ________
• 5. If you are caught up ________
in something, you are involved
in it, usually unwillingly.
• 6. We shall all give ourselves time to reflect ________
on/upon our
future.
• 7. When you are ________
at a crossroads, you have to decide
which turn to take.
• 8. Filled ________
with pity for the poor girl, he gave her a note of
100 yuan.
Thank you !
NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES Book Three

Unit 4

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Unit 4

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Unit 4

NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES Book Three

A Defining Moment Para 2-4

Warming- Para 5-6

Warming- Para 7-8

When the chief came with his team, I explained what I

Warming- Words & Expressions

define safety pray

What’s up? get moving

hang up on one’s hands

wake up seal off

Warming- define v. 1 ）显示……的特征（特性、特质）

Warming- shift n. 1 ）当班时间，班次工作时间

e.g. I’m on day shift this week. 这个星期我当白班。

Are you on the day shift or the night shift?

e.g. This particular case is an exception to the rule.

Usually I like dogs, but I don't like

Computer terminals in various parts of the

country are linked up to a central database.

Warming- district n. 行政区；地区

An English romantic poet, William Wordsworth found his

Warming- safety n. 安全；保险

She led the children to a place of safety.

They live in a large apartment complex.

Warming- conduct vt. 1) 实施；经营 2) 陪伴；引

We went on a conducted tour of the cathedral.

e.g. The flood was a terrible disaster; hundreds of people died.

The crash was the worst air disaster

e.g. neighborhood with school

a quiet neighborhood with good shops

Warming- announce v. 通告；宣布

The government has announced that

Warming- remain v. 继续，依然（不变）

Poverty, disease, regional conflicts and ignorance remain

major world problems.

She remains unmarried. 她一直没有结婚。

e.g. They went to the church to pray.

I will pray to God for your safety.

India is remarkable for its IT industry.

Warming- What’s up? 出什么事了？

Haven’t seen you for ages. What’s up?

Warming- hang up 挂断电话

He was so angry that he hung up on her.

Warming- wake up 弄醒；醒来

e.g. I was woken up by the bell.

She had to wake up several times a

He got tips on top of his wages.

Our report is late; we must get moving.

Now they have their grandson

Police sealed off the street.

e.g. He smiled to himself at the thought of someone who

He seems to be speaking to himself.

Working with Expressions

Basic Writing Skills

Using the Right Word

Warming- Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences

on top of a car, giving a speech to the

5. We should get moving _____on this; otherwise

Focusing on Sentence Structure

3. I worked right through the semester. I neglected

Warming- Focusing on Sentence Structure

2. 帕特（ Pat ）与家人在一起感到很不自在，他

1. Although “gas investigations” rarely turn out to be