TEACHING PRODUCTIVE SKILLS

SPEAKING & WRITING

Presentation by M Afandi
Npm 21101311011
 PRODUCTIVE SKILLS
• Speaking and writing skills are called productive skills
• They are crucial as they give students the opportunity to
practice real-life activities in the classroom.
• These two skills can be used as a barometerto check how
much the learners have learned
 WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO TEACH THESE
productive skills?
• Teaching speaking is vital for it develop a real sense of progress
among learners and boosts their confidence.
• Teaching writing is important because written communication is a
basic life skill.
• Writing is an effective way of reinforcing what they have already been
studying, and they benefit greatly from seeing new or unfamiliar
language in written form.
 WHAT IS SPEAKING?

• it is the action of conveying information or expressing one's thoughts and feelings

in spoken language. b

• to express thoughts, opinions, or feelings orally(Merriam Webster)

 TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS
The following are suggestions from different authors in teaching
speaking .
a. From-focused Speaking

• It is an approach to language education in which learners are made aware of the

grammatical form of language feature that they are already able to use communicatively

2. It is suitable for beginners

 TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS

b. Meaning-focused Speaking

• It is that stage of speaking where the focus is on the

message being communicated.

Presentation by Alexander Aronowitz | Business Marketing | 2024 | Rimberio University

 WHY ACTIVITIES ARE PROVIDED IN TEACHING
SPEAKING
There are three basic reasons why teachers should provide students with
activities:

a.Rehearsal-to organize
Example:

A role-play for students in a shop or an airport offers them an opportunity to

rehearse a real-life event and the students get the feeling of what is the
communication in a foreign language like.
WHY ACTIVITIES ARE PROVIDED IN TEACHING
SPEAKING?
b. Feedback
• Having students to present what they know, that means, to use all the language they
have learnt provides feedback for the teacher as well as for the students
• The teachers can see what the students are doing well and what is needed to be
improved

Presentation by Alexander Aronowitz | Business Marketing | 2024 | Rimberio University

 WHY ACTIVITIES ARE PROVIDED IN
TEACHING SPEAKING?
c. Engagement

• All speaking activities are highly motivating and the students find those
interesting to work on and to participate fully
 TYPES OF SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
1.Role play
• Students can pretend they are in various social contexts and have a variety of social
roles. In role-play activities, the teacher gives information to the learners such as
who they are and what they think or feel.
 TYPES OF SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
2. Brainstorming

• On a given topic, students can produce ideas in a limited time. Depending on the context,
either individual or group brainstorming is effective and learners generate ideas quickly
and freely.
• The good characteristics of brainstorming is that the students are not criticize for their
ideas so students will be open to sharing new ideas.
 TYPES OF SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

3. Storytelling
■ Students can briefly summarize a tale or story they heard from somebody beforehand, or
they may create their own stories to tell their classmates.

■ Story telling fosters creative thinking. It also helps students

express ideas in the format of beginning, development, and
ending, including the characters and setting a story has to have.
Students also can tell riddles or jokes
 TYPES OF SPEAKING ACTIVITIES

4Interviews

■ Students can conduct interviews on selected topics with various peopleIt is a good
idea that the teacher provides a rubric to students so that they know what type of
questions they can ask or what path to follow, but students should prepare their own
interview questions
 TYPES OF SPEAKING ACTIVITIES
5. Reporting

■ Before coming to class, students are asked to read a newspaper or magazine

and, in class, they report to their friends what they find as the most interesting
news

• Students can also talk about whether they have experienced anything worth
telling their friends in their daily lives before class
 WHAT IS WRITING

• It is a medium of human communication that represents language and

emotion with signs and symbols

• Pertains to the activity or skill of marking coherent words on paper and

composing text
 ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE WRITING
Before looking at how to teach writing skills, aspects of effective writing should be considered. Correctness and accuracy are needed in the following
areas.

1. Grammar
Grammar is important for writingIn writing every grammar error stands outwhich is why it is important to know the rules.

2. Vocabulary
Being able to choose the most accurate words to express your thoughts in writing is the
key to being understood

3. Spelling
There are few spelling rules in English, and the connection between how a word is spell and how it is pronounced is less clear-cut than in many other
languagesOur students need to learn the spelling of each word
 ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE WRITING
4Punctuation
This helps us understand written text the way intonation helps us understand another
person's speech

5. Layout
Students must be made aware of the conventions of certain forms of writingfor example, informal letters, formal letters, poems, scientific
reports, diaries, faxes, notes, and postcards.

6. Linking
Learners must consider linking ideas and information across sentences and paragraphs
to develop a topic or argument

7. Style
Appropriate styles should be taught to the studentsFor example, our written English on a postcard to a friend is completely different from a letter
to a government office asking for information
 TYPES OF WRITING ACTIVITIES
1. Letters
Students can write to make complaintsthank, ask for and give information or advice or prepare job applications

2.Creative Writing
You can use pictures or begin a story and ask students to finish itOr you can use a personal situation where the student was
happy, sad, surprisedshockedetc

3.Diary
Ask your students to keep a diary

4.Discursive essays
Students need to present an argumentstate points for and against in a logical way, and write a conclusive paragraph.

5.Dictation
A dictation can have a calming effect on young learners. It is also useful for teachers who have limited resources and need to
dictate a text for a reading skills lesson
 APPROACHES TO TEACHING WRITING

a. Product-oriented Approach

• The concern of this approach is on the correctness of final products of

writing.

• The product-oriented approach to the teaching of writing focuses more

on the linguistic knowledge, such as the appropriate use of vocabulary,
grammar, and language devices
Four Stages of Learning Writing under Product-Oriented Approach

1. Familiarization
2. Controlled writing
3. Guided writing
4. Free writing
 B. PROCESS-ORIENTED APPROACH

• This approach concerns more on the process of how the students develop
ideas and formulate them into effective writing works.
• Students are seen as the language creators in which theyare given
chances to experience the process of writing, try toorganize and express
their ideas clearly

Presentation by Alexander Aronowitz | Business Marketing | 2024 | Rimberio University

 ROLES OF TEACHER IN WRITING
• Teachers are required to have various strategies and great interest when
they are teaching writing to the students
• The success of students in learning writing is also determine by the
teacher's performance in helping them learn writing
• In the process of teaching writing, the teacher has to help the students to
understand and learn how to write effectively, give clear explanations
and instructions and guide the students in each step of the writing
process
 Tasks that the teachers must perform before, during, and after the
process of writing (Harmer, 2004)
a. Demonstrating
b. Motivating and Provoking
c. Supporting
d. Responding
e. Evaluating

Presentation by Alexander Aronowitz | Business Marketing | 2024 | Rimberio University

 REFERENCE

Mohammed Igram Hossain, “Teaching Productive Skills to

the Students: A Secondary Level Scenario",
http://dspacebracu.ac.bd:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10361/7671/
11263001_ENH.pdf?sequence=1 Hayriye Kayi, "Teaching Speaking:
Activities to Promote Sp

eaking in a Second Language", http://iteslj.org/Technique

s/Kayi-TeachingSpeaking.html
THANK YOU