CONCEPT OF

SUPERSONIC
ASE 100M CA:3 GROUP
PROJECT

BY:-
Subodh Wagh 12214455 Baby 12210876
Shivam Shrma 12215074 Chakresh
12210204
Borda D. Daksh 12211495
 WHAT IS
SUPERSONIC SPEED?
Supersonic speed is the speed of an object that exceeds
the speed of sound (Mach 1). For objects traveling in dry
air of a temperature of 20 °C (68 °F) at sea level, this
speed is approximately 343.2 m/s. Speeds greater than
five times the speed of sound (Mach 5) are often referred
to as hypersonic. Flights during which only some parts of
the air surrounding an object, such as the ends of rotor
blades, reach supersonic speeds are called transonic.
This occurs typically somewhere between Mach 0.8 and
Mach 1.2

SUPERSONIC
FLIGHT
Most modern fighter aircraft are supersonic aircraft, but
there have been supersonic passenger aircraft, namely
Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144. Both of these
passenger aircraft and some modern fighters are also
capable of supercruise, a condition of sustained
supersonic flight without the use of an afterburner. Due to
its ability to supercruise for several hours and the
relatively high frequency of flight over several decades,
Concorde spent more time flying supersonically than all
other aircraft combined by a considerable margin.
SOUND BARRIER
The sound barrier or sonic barrier is the large increase in
aerodynamic drag and other undesirable effects experienced by an
aircraft or other object when it approaches the speed of sound. When
aircraft first approached the speed of sound, these effects were seen
as constituting a barrier, making faster speeds very difficult or
impossible.The term sound barrier is still sometimes used today to
refer to aircraft approaching supersonic flight in this high drag regime.
Flying faster than sound produces a sonic boom.

Waves associated after reaching sound barrier

SHOCKWAVE
A shock wave (also spelled shockwave), or shock, is a
type of propagating disturbance that moves faster than the
local speed of sound in the medium. Like an ordinary wave,
a shock wave carries energy and can propagate through a
medium but is characterized by an abrupt, nearly
discontinuous, change in pressure, temperature, and density
of the medium.

HOW SHOCKWAVES ARE

GENERATED?
When an airplane travels less than the speed of sound, the air ahead
of it actually begins to flow out of the way before the plane reaches it.
The pressure waves created by the airplane passing through the air
end up being smooth and gradual.
But as an airplane reaches the speed of sound and catches up to its
own pressure waves, the air ahead of it receives no warning of the
plane’s approach. The airplane plows through the air, creating
a shock wave.
SONIC BOOM
A sonic boom is a sound associated
with shock waves created when an
object travels through the air faster
than the speed of sound. Sonic booms
generate enormous amounts of sound
energy, sounding similar to an
explosion or a thunderclap to the
human ear. producing levels between
100 and 120 dBA, the equivalent of
standing near a jet during take-off.
A sonic boom does not occur only at the moment an object crosses the sound barrier and neither is
it heard in all directions emanating from the supersonic object. Rather, the boom is a continuous
effect that occurs while the object is travelling at supersonic speeds and affects only observers that
are positioned at a point that intersects a region in the shape of a geometrical cone behind the
object. As the object moves, this conical region also moves behind it and when the cone passes
over the observer, they will briefly experience the "boom".
VAPOUR
CONE
A vapor cone, also known as shock collar or shock egg, is
a visible cloud of condensed water that can sometimes form
around an object moving at high speed through moist air, for
example, an aircraft flying at transonic speeds. When the
localized air pressure around the object drops, so does the air
temperature. If the temperature drops below the
saturation temperature, a cloud forms.

These condensation clouds can often be seen appearing around

space-bound rockets as they accelerate through the atmosphere.
For example, they were frequently seen during Space Shuttle
launches, about 25 to 33 seconds after launch, when the vehicle
was traveling at transonic speeds.
THANK
YOU