OSCILLATIONS

IDHAR MAHMUD NUGRAHA, M FARRAS

FAKULTAS MIPA
 AIM

• AIM = BY STUDYING THIS CHAPTER YOU CAN EXPECT TO UNDERSTAND THE

NATURE AND CAUSES OF OSCILLATIONS. IN PARTICULAR, THE CONCEPTS AND
LANGUAGE OF OSCILLATIONS FORM THE BASIS FOR UNDERSTANDING WAVES
AND OPTICS.
 MINIMUM LEARNING GOALS

• EXPLAIN, INTERPRET AND USE THE TERMS OSCILLATION, SIMPLE HARMONIC

MOTION [SHM], AMPLITUDE, PERIOD, FREQUENCY, ANGULAR FREQUENCY,
PHASE, INITIAL PHASE, FREE OSCILLATION, DAMPED OSCILLATION, FORCED
OSCILLATION, NATURAL FREQUENCY, RESTORING FORCE, FORCE CONSTANT
[SPRING CONSTANT], DRIVING FORCE, DAMPING FORCE, TRANSIENT MOTION,
STEADY STATE OSCILLATION, RESONANCE, RESONANCE PEAK, RESONANT
FREQUENCY.
 WHAT THE MEANING OF OSCILLATION AND
PERIOD ?
• OSCILLATION IS REFERS TO ANY PERIODIC MOTION MOVING AT A DISTANCE
ABOUT THE EQUILIBRIUM POSITION AND REPEAT ITSELF OVER AND OVER FOR A
PERIOD OF TIME. IF A PARTICLE IN PERIODIC MOTION MOVES BACK AND FORTH
OVER THE SAME PATH WE CALL THE MOTION OSCILLATORY OR VIBRATORY
• EXAMPLE THE OSCILLATION UP AND DOWN OF A SPRING ,
THE OSCILLATION SIDE BY SIDE OF A SPRING. THE OSCILLATION SWINGING
SIDE BY SIDE OF A PENDULUM.
• THE PERIOD T OF A HARMONIC MOTION IS THE TIME REQUIRED TO COMPLETE
ONE ROUND TRIP OF THE MOTION THAT IS ONE COMPLETE OSCILLATIONS OR
CYLE
 DEFINITION OF SIMPLE HARMONIC
OSCILLATION
• IN MECHANICS, SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION IS A SPECIAL TYPE OF
PERIODIC MOTION OR OSCILLATION WHERE THE RESTORING FORCE IS DIRECTLY
PROPORTIONAL TO THE DISPLACEMENT AND ACTS IN THE DIRECTION OPPOSITE
TO THAT OF DISPLACEMENT.
• SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION, IN PHYSICS, REPETITIVE MOVEMENT BACK AND
FORTH THROUGH AN EQUILIBRIUM, OR CENTRAL, POSITION, SO THAT THE
MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT ON ONE SIDE OF THIS POSITION IS EQUAL TO THE
MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT ON THE OTHER SIDE
 CHARACTERISTIC OF OSCILLATION

• THE AMPLITUDE, A, IS THE MAXIMUM MAGNITUDE OF DISPLACEMENT FROM

EQUILIBRIUM.
• THE PERIOD, T, IS THE TIME FOR ONE CYCLE.
• THE FREQUENCY, F, IS THE NUMBER OF CYCLES PER UNIT TIME.
• THE ANGULAR FREQUENCY, , IS 2Π TIMES THE FREQUENCY:  = 2ΠF.
• THE FREQUENCY AND PERIOD ARE RECIPROCALS OF EACH OTHER: F = 1/T AND T
= 1/F
DISPLACEMENT
ANGULAR FREQUENCY
VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION
EXAMPLE
PHASE
SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION AND UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION
ENERGY IN SHM
POTENSIAL ENERGY
KINETIC ENERGY
TOTAL ENERGY
THE SIMPLE PENDULUM
DAMPED OSCILLATION
NATURAL OSCILLATION
FORCED OSCILLATION
EFFECT OF FORCED OSCILLATION
RESONANCE
USEFUL OF RESONANCE
 REFERENSI

• HTTPS://
WWW.AUSTINCC.EDU/MMCGRAW/FILES_2425/CHAP_15HA-OSCILLATIONS.PDF
• HTTP://WWW.PHYSICS.USYD.EDU.AU/SUPER/LIFE_SCIENCES/FE/FE7.PDF
• HTTPS://
WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/DRPMILLS/SIMPLE-HARMONIC-CIRCULAR-MOTION