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Accounting 4 Merchandising Operations
Accounting 4 Merchandising Operations
• Maintain detailed records of the cost of each inventory purchase and sale.
• Records continuously show inventory that should be on hand for every item.
• Company determines cost of goods sold each time a sale occurs.
• Under perpetual system, one additional adjustment to make the records agree with the actual inventory on hand. By taking
physical inventory count to detect theft or shrinkage.
Cost of goods sold …………………………………………………………………………. XXXX
Merchandise Inventory ………………………………………………….. XXXX
Adjusting entry because book amount is higher than the inventory
amount determined to be on hand.
Discount Terms
2/10 N/30: 2% cash discount N/10 EOM: the buyer must N/30: buyer must pay
if they pay within 10 days , if pay net amount within the first net amount within 30
not the price is due in 30 days. 10 days of next month. days.
Shipping Terms
FOB shipping point means that the FOB destination means that the seller
seller places the goods free on board places the goods free on board to the
the carrier, and the buyer pays the buyer’s place of business, and the
freight costs. seller pays the freight.
Purchase Transactions & Merchandise inventory …………………………………………………………….. XXXX
A/P or cash …………………………………………………………………. XXXX
Entries under Perpetual To record Purchasing merchandise for resale.
inventory system
A/P or cash XXXX
……………………………………………………………………………………. XXXX
Merchandise Inventory ……………………………………………………….
To record Receiving purchase returns or allowances from suppliers
Cash XXXX
…………………………………………………………………………………………………. XXXX
Sales discount ………………………………………………………………………………….
XXXX
A/R …………………………………………………………………………………………..
To record receiving payment from customers within discount period.
Cash XXXX
………………………………………………………………………………………………….. XXXX
A/R
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Merchandising Operations
Cash XXXX
…………………………………………………………………………………………………. XXXX
Sales discount ………………………………………………………………………………….
XXXX
A/R …………………………………………………………………………………………..
To record receiving payment from customers within discount period.
Merchandising Operations
Freight-In & Dr
Cash & Cr Payment with discount Collection with discount
A/P & Dr Cash & Dr
Cash & Cr Sales discount & Cr
Purchase discount & Cr A/R & Cr
5 important tips in this chapter.
1) Net Sales = Sales revenue – sales discount – sales returns & allowances
2) Sales return, sales allowance and sales discount are contra revenue accounts .
3) Income measurement process 5) Dr Inventory Cr
for a merchandising company
Purchase Sales
Purchase discount
4) Freight out , sales discount and sales allowances have no effect on inventory.