EQUIPMENT USED IN THE

FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS
DR. TESSA VICTORIA HONGCO
HPLC (HIGH POWERED LIQUID
CHROMATOGRAPHY)

• Scientific equipment used for the qualitative and quantitative determination

of a volatile or non-volatile compound based on the chromatographic
separation of its components
ULTRA-VIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETER

• Used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic compounds

• offers conclusive proof for the positive identification of drugs because other
materials could produce an indistinguishable spectrum
EMIT (ENZYME MULTIPLIED IMMUNOASSAY
TECHNIQUE)

• Used for screening of abused urine samples

SEM (SCANNING ELECTRON
MICROSCOPE)
• Scientific equipment used for the physical identification of various
questioned specimens
• Software-controlled digital scanning electron microscope used to produce
images over a wide range of magnification (3x3,000,000x) on rough or
covered surface of minute specimen such as hair, fibers, paint particles,
drugs, metal, etc.
FTIR (FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY)

• Used for the identification of pure organic substances like abused drugs and
explosive ingredients based on their characteristic functional groups
• The resulting spectrum could be referred as the fingerprints of the
substance
IR (INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETRY)

• specifically identify the substance

• IR pattern is unique to each compound and can be considered as being
analogous to the “fingerprint “ of the compound being examined
GS (GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY)
• A separate technique
• Mobile phase is gas
• Separation is based on the difference in migration rates among sample
components