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Polynomials
Polynomials
12x4 – 15x3
+ 21x2
2. 6v(2v + 3)
12v2
3. –6xy(4x2 – 5xy – 2y2)
-24x2y + 30x2y2
+ 12xy3
6. (8x − 2)(6x + 2)
+
48x2 + 16x
− 12x - 4
7. (4x – 5)(2x2 + 3x – 6)
12x3 – 13x2 + x + 10
9. (x2 − 7x − 6)(7x2 − 3x − 7)
− 42x2 + 18x + 42
(a – b)(a+b) = (a)2 –
(b) 2
1. (x + 5)(x − 5) 1. x2 - 25
2. (x - 8)(x + 8) 2. x2 - 64
3. (x – 2y)(x + 2y) 3. x2 – 4y2
Squares of Two Binomials
1. (x + 3)3
= (x)3 + 3(x) 2(3) + 3(x)(3)2 + (3) 3
= x3 + 9x 2 + 27x + 27
2. (2x - 5)3
When we divide a
polynomial f(x) by x-c the
remainder r equals f(c)
The remainder theorem is based on
synthetic division, which is the
process of dividing a polynomial
f(x) by a
polynomial D(x) and finding
the remainder. This is written as ,
where f(x) is the dividend, Q(x) is
the quotient, D(x) is the divisor, and
R(x) is the remainder.
When we divide a
polynomial f(x) by x-
c we get:
f(x) = (x-c)·q(x) +
r(x)
But r(x) is simply the
constant r (remember? when we
divide by (x-c) the remainder is
a constant) .... so we get this:
f(x) = (x-c)·q(x) + r
Illustrative Examples:
1. 2x2 - 5x - 1 divided by x -
3
Equate x – 3 = 0 + 3
x=3
Replace all x = 3
2x2 - 5x - 1
= 2(3)2 – 5(3) - 1
= 2(9) – 5(3) - 1
= 18 – 15 - 1
= 2
2. 2x2 - 5x - 1 divided by x + 4
x+4=0-4
F(c) = -4
= 2(-4)2 – 5(-4) - 1
= 2(16) – 5(-4) - 1
= 32 – (-20) - 1
= 51
3. f (x) = −x3 + 6x − 7 at x =
2
= -3