Wave Behavior and Energy

Objectives
• Communicate technical information about how some
technology devices use the principles of wave behavior
and wave interactions with matter to transmit and capture
energy.
• Use mathematical representations to identify and describe
the changes in waves that occur when the source of a
wave is in motion.
• Apply mathematical representations to the interaction of
waves through constructive and destructive interference,
and the formation of standing waves.
Moving Wave Source Stationary Source – wavelength and
frequency are the same in all
The Doppler effect is the directions
apparent change in
frequency due to the source
of waves moving, the
observer moving, or both.

Moving Source – air compressions

are closer on one side and spread out
on the other
Moving Wave Source
Modeling Wave Interactions
Wave interference occurs
when two waves
superimpose as they meet
while traveling in the same
medium.

Constructive Interference

Destructive Interference
Constructive and Destructive waves
Beats
Beats are the
pulsating sound
produced when two
sound waves with
different frequencies
interact.
‫ – يدق‬YouTube
Online Tone
Generator - generate
pure tones of any
frequency
(szynalski.com)
Soft sound, destructive
interference Loud sound,
constructive interference
Standing Waves
Waves on a String
A string fixed at both ends
results in standing waves
with a specific set of
frequencies. The
wavelength depends on the
number of half standing
waves in the string.
Transfer of Wave Energy

Water transfers energy to a floating duck. In a transverse wave,

the velocity of the duck is perpendicular to the velocity of the wave.

As the duck
rises up on
the wave, it
gains potential
energy, which
is converted to
kinetic energy
as it falls.
Energy in Waves
To find the energy of
a wave over one
wavelength, add up
the energy
transferred to the
duck at each
position.

Energy is conserved
at an interface such
as the beacwh.
Since frequency and
energy are constant,
the amplitude must
increase. Shoaling