Public health practice prevention &

control of health problems cd and ncd

Dr Amna Rehana Siddiqui

Assignment II
1. Expanded Program on immunization
2. LHW Program for family planning
3. LHW program for PHC
4. Tuberculosis Control Program of Pakistan
5. Malaria Control Program
6. Dengue Control Program
7. Maternal, Neonatal and Child health Program
8. AIDS Control Program
9. Program for Prevention and control of Hepatitis
10. Program for Prevention and control of Blindness
Session Objectives
• Recognize generation of evidence for public health practice

• Justify the need for public health practices

• Relate the public health practice to levels of prevention

Public health practice
• Health promotion and disease prevention through population-based
interventions, including action to address social determinants and health
inequity (includes levels of prevention)

• Provision of Health information, risk communication and education

• Multisectoral partnerships for health promotion and disease prevention

• Developing & testing Health care models

Health & Public Health practitioners
Health care practitioner
Doctor of medicine, or nurses,
osteopathy, podiatrist, dentist,
chiropractor, clinical psychologist,
optometrist, nurse practitioner,
nurse-midwife, or a clinical social
worker who is authorized to
practice by the State regulation
Public health work force for
health improvement, health
protection and healthcare public
health. Public health academics
work in all three
They work in the public, private
and voluntary and community
sectors.
Public health practice: Examples
• Telemedicine and telehealth services
• Community outreach & engagement for culturally appropriate practices
• Health promotion and Preventive services
• Immunization practices
• Nutritional & Dietary practices
• Lifestyle modifications for NCD, cancer, & injury prevention
• Reducing disparities in access to health care by vulnerable population
• Developing and testing interventions for dissemination
• Implementing & analyzing system level interventions like surveillance,
tobacco control, environmental and occupational hazards
• Policy making
Bhatnagar P et al Heart 2016
Despite substantial
reductions in mortality
from CVD, CHD, and stroke,
these conditions have
remained a substantial
burden to the UK, with rises
in treatment and hospital
admissions for all CVD.
Enhancing family planning
Social and behavior change

Demand- and supply-side challenges in postabortion care.

Quality of postabortion care, integrating long-standing models from

behavioral economics, human centered design, and attribute-based
models of behavior change, can promote positive health outcomes.
SWOT ANALYSIS
• Strengths: Design, planning, supervision, training, MIS

• Weakness: slow progress, poor implementation of program, job

insecurity, non-payments,

• Opportunities: widening the coverage of services, women

empowerment, poverty alleviation

• Threats: Political interference, lack of funds, social threats, malpractices

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018;8:a030361
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018;8:a030361
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018;8:a030361
Evidence based practice implementation
• Use of current best evidence from qualitative and quantitative like
randomized controlled trials

• Models of care, translating research into practice, constructing

conceptual framework

• Knowledge creation, distillation, diffusion, dissemination, partnering

• Methods of communication

• Enduser adoption
References

• Bhatnagar P, Wickramasinghe K, Wilkins E, et al Trends in the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in the

UK Heart 2016;102:1945-1952.

• Gowani A, Ahmed HI, Khalid W, Muqeet A, Abdullah S, Khoja S, Kamal AK. Facilitators and barriers to NCD
prevention in Pakistanis-invincibility or inevitability: a qualitative research study. BMC Res Notes. 2016 May
23;9:282. doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2087-2. PMID: 27215828; PMCID: PMC4877737.

• Oxford textbook of Public Health 2015

• Mielke E, Hempstone H, Williams A. Strengthening social and behavior change in postabortion care: a call to
action for health professionals. Glob Health Sci Pract. 2019;7(suppl 2):S215-S221.
https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00307

• Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018;8:a030361

Exercises
1. Compare Maternal Mortality Rates of countries of
your choice, justifying selection of countries.
Discuss causes of Maternal Mortality
2. Causes of Infant Mortality of countries of justifying
choice of selection of countries by comparing IMR
3. Compare Human Development Index of various
countries justifying country selection
4. Compare service utilization indicators by countries
of your choice justifying selection of countries
5. Compare nutritional indicators by countries of your
choice justifying selection of countries