DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS

IN SOCIAL SCIENCES
BY: ENGR. MILCAH CHEYENNE R. PE
REVIEW
1. The study of human populations –
their size, composition and distribution
across space and the process through
which population changes.
a. Sociology c. History
b. Demographics d. Anthropology
2. It is defined as the study of the physical
features of the earth, its atmosphere and
human activity as it affects and is affected
by these, including the distribution of
populations and resources, land use and
industries.
a. Anthropology c. Historiography
b. Political Science d. Geography
3. The systematic study of
governance by the application of
empirical and generally scientific
methods of analysis.
a. Sociology c. History
b. Psychology d. Political Science
4. This is the totality of all past events,
although a more realistic definition
would limit it to the known past.
a. History c. Demographic
b. Sociology d. Anthropology
5. It examines topics such as how
people live, what they think, what
they produce and how they interact
with their environments.
a. Demographic c. Anthropology
b. Sociology d. Historiography
TRUE OR
FALSE
6. Anthropology is the study of
humans; it is the Social Science
that seeks to understand human
origins and adaptation, and the
diversity of cultures and
worldviews.
7. History is the study of the
present; it describes/narrates
and analyses human activities in
the present and the changes that
they had undergone.
8. Political Science
is the systematic
study of politics.
9. Linguistics is the
study of language and
its structure.
10. Anthropology comes
from the Greek word
“anthropos” which means
human.
IDENTIFICATION
 11. The scientific
study of human
behavior and mental
process.
12. A Social Science Discipline
that deals with the optimum
allocation of scarce resources
among its alternatives to satisfy
the unlimited human wants and
needs of the people.
13. The study of the earth’s surface; a
specialized investigation of the
physical structure of earth, including
its terrain and its climates, and the
nature and character of its contrasting
inhabited portions
14. The systematic
study of human
society.
15. The statistical study of
human populations
especially with reference to
size and density.
Explain the 4
major events and its
contribution that led to the
emergence of the social science
disciplines.
(ANTHROPOLOGY)
 Anthropology
is the study of all aspects of human life and culture. It
examines such topics as how people live, what they
think, what they produce and how they interact with
their environments. Anthropologists try to understand
the full range of
human diversity as well as what people share in
common.
 Anthropology
The term anthropology comes from the Greek words
anthropos (human) and logos (study). This etymology
relates to the scope of anthropology as a discipline,
which includes everything about humans – from their
biological and evolutionary past, to ways of life and
traditions that they uphold.
 What is the historical foundation of
Anthropology?
Anthropology traces its roots to ancient Greek historical and
philosophical writings about human nature and organization of human
society. Anthropologists ask basic questions such as: When, where and
how did humans evolve? How do people adapt to their new
environments? How did societies develop and change from the ancient
past to the present? Answers to these questions can help us understand
what it means to be human. They can also help us learn ways to meet
the present-day needs of people all over the world and plan how we
might live in the future.
 The Development of
Anthropology
In order to trace the history of anthropology as a discipline, one
must consider two historical events – the rise of the empires
and states and the dawn of colonialism and imperialism –
that made a significant impact on the rise of scholars who built
the theoretical and methodological foundations of this field of
study
 Important Personalities in
Anthropology
Edward Burnett Tylor
Tylor (1832–1917) is regarded as the Father of Cultural Anthropology. He defined
anthropology as the “science of culture,” which was the first time that culture had
been declared as an object of study. He argued that just like any topic of science,
culture could be objectively studied with proper methodology and theoretical
framework. He said that “culture, or civilization, taken in its broad, ethnographic
sense, is a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law,
custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of
society.
 Important Personalities in
Anthropology
Lewis Henry Morgan
Morgan (1818–1881) was a lawyer by training and
profession, who became fascinated with the land disputes
between the United States government and the American
Indian people as the Iroquois. What defined Morgan’s career
as an anthropologist was his success in documenting the
kinship system of the Iroquois.
 Important Personalities in
Anthropology
Franz Boas
Boas (1858–1942) was one of the key figures who did not use
science to justify racism. In his evolutionary stance on societal
development, he argued that culture is not a by-product of a
human group’s physical characteristics, but of social learning
affected by the various factors like environment and history. This
argument became the foundation of human variation analysis
that is based on cultural differences, a far cry from the biological
deterministic framework of the evolutionists.
 Important Personalities in
Anthropology
Anthropology was developed as a discipline in response to the
sociocultural shifts and issues that transpired when people of
various backgrounds came in contact with one another. As the
discipline progressed, various approaches in understanding
society were used by its practitioners. Today, anthropology
remains relevant as it attempts to address contemporary issues
for the general public.
 Fields of Anthropology

• Cultural Anthropology
• Linguistic Anthropology
• Archaeology
• Physical Anthropology
 Cultural
Anthropology
the branch of anthropology
concerned with the study of human
societies and cultures and their
development.
 Linguistic Anthropology

explores the intersections between language, culture,

geography, history, and philosophy. Linguistic
anthropologists research language use within a society and
how it is taught and shared to learn about symbolic
practices. They study the relationships within language to
see how it was shared and spread between different cultures
and groups.
 Archaeology
Study culture by exploring what people leave
behind. Art, architecture, bones, clothing
scraps, pottery, arrowheads, and even feces can
answer questions about the cultural lives of
people living long ago.
 Physical
Anthropology
branch of anthropology concerned with the origin,
evolution, and diversity of people. Physical
anthropologists work broadly on three major sets of
problems: human and nonhuman primate evolution,
human variation and its significance (see also race), and
the biological bases of human behaviour.