C.

TRANSFORM
FAULT BOUNDARY
MODULE 6
 TRANSFORM FAULT
BOUNDARY
• IT IS A FAULT ALONG A PLATE BOUNDARY
WHERE THE MOTION IS PREDOMINANTLY
HORIZONTAL, TWO PLATES ARE SLIDING
PAST EACH OTHER,
• NATURAL OR HUMAN-MADE STRUCTURES
THAT CROSS A TRANSFORM BOUNDARY ARE
OFFSET – SPLIT INTO PIECES AND CARRIED IN
OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS.
• ROCKS THAT LINE THE BOUNDARY ARE
PULVERIZED AS THE PLATES GRIND ALONG,
CREATING LINEAR FAULT VALLEY OR
 THE THREE TYPES OF
TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES
1. Ridge-Ridge Boundaries
1. Ridge-Ridge Boundaries
* A mid-ocean ridge or mid-oceanic ridge is an
underwater mountain range, formed by plate
tectonics.

* This uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when

convection currents rise in the mantle beneath
the oceanic crust and create magma where two
tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary.
- also known as gravitational sliding or
sliding plate force
- a proposed driving force for plate motion
in plate tectonics that occurs at mid-ocean
ridges as the result of the rigid
lithosphere sliding down the hot, raised
asthenosphere below mid-ocean ridges.
2. Trench-Trench Boundaries
2. Trench-Trench Boundaries
– trenches are formed by a subduction,
- a geophysical processes in which two or more
of Earth’s tectonic plates converge
- the older, denser plate is pushed beneath the
lighter plate and deep into the mantle, causing
the seafloor and outermost crust (the
lithosphere) to bend and form a steep, V-
shaped depression.
- a type of fault in which two tectonic
plates slide past one another.
- may occur in the portion of a fracture
zone that exists between different offset
spreading center or that connects
spreading center to deep -sea trenches in
subduction zones.
3. Ridge-Trench Boundaries
3. Ridge-Trench Boundaries
- trench is a deep elongated cavity bordering a
continent or an island arc;
- it forms when one tectonic plate slides beneath
another.

* Ridge is underwater mountain range that criss-

crosses the oceans and is formed by rising magma
in a zone where two plates are moving apart.
 – deep trenches are often formed when
tectonic plates are being subducted and
earthquakes are common.
- As the sinking plate moves deeper into the
mantle, fluids are released from the rock
causing the overlying mantle to partially melt.
 In Transform plate boundary,
- plates rub against each other, huge stresses
can cause portions of the rock to break,
resulting in earthquakes.
- Places where these breaks occur are called
faults.

*A well-known example of transform plate

boundary is the San Andreas Fault in California.
UNIT TEST (Day 4)
MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE: Write True, if the
underline word/s is/are true and if it is false, change the
underline word/s to make the statement true.
1.Plates are adjacent to each other, a new type of
boundary is manifested and that is the transform fault
boundary.
2.Most of transform faults join two segments of a mid-
ocean ridge.
3. The type of transform plate boundaries known
as an underwater mountain range formed by
plate tectonics is called Ridge trench.
4. Island arc is formed when one tectonic plate
slides beneath another at Ridge trench
boundaries.
5. Trench – trench is a type of boundary where
two or more earth’s tectonic plates
meet.