FIRE PROTECTION

Legal regulations
The legal system in force in Poland concerning
fire protection includes regulations contained in:

• acts of law,
• regulations and ordinances,
• European Parliament directives,
• Polish Standards,
• European standards,
• industry standards.
 Selected regulations
• Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and
Administration of 7 June, 2010 on fire protection of
buildings, other building projects and grounds,
• Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and
Administration of 20 June 2007 on the list of products
intended to provide public safety or health, life and
property protection and the rules governing the release
of those articles for use.
• Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and
Administration of 18 February 2011 on detailed
rules for the organisation of the national rescue
and fire-fighting system.
• Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and
Administration of 21 April 2006 on fire protection of
buildings, other building projects and grounds,
• Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs
and Administration of 24 July 2009 on fire
water supply and fire roads.
 Polish Standards
PN-EN ISO 7010:2012 Safety Signs. Fire
protection. Evacuation.
PN-B-0285:1997 Fire protection of buildings. Fire
water supply.
PN -EN- 3-7:2004 Fire-fighting equipment.
Portable fire extinguishers.
PN-EN 671-1/3:2009 Fixed fire-fighting
equipment.
Internal fire hydrants.
PN-B-02852:2001 Fire protection of buildings.
Calculation of fire load density and determination
of relative duration of the fire.
PN-EN 1838 The use of lighting. Emergency
lighting.
PN-EN 50172 Emergency escape lighting
systems.
PN -EN- 3-7:2004 Fire-fighting equipment.
Portable fire extinguishers.
PN-EN- 62305-3:2011 Lightning protection -- Part 3:
Physical damage to facilities and life threat.
PN-EN 1838:2002(U) Emergency lighting.
 Basic concepts

Fire protection consists in the implementation of

measures aimed at protecting life, property or the
environment against fire, natural disaster or other local
hazard by:
- preventing the occurrence and
spreading of fire, natural disaster or
other local hazard;

- providing forces and resources to

fight fire, natural disaster or other
local hazard;

- carrying out rescue operations.

FIRE - sudden and uncontrolled
spread of a flame causing property
damage and danger to life.

EXPLOSION - a violent
oxidation or decomposition
reaction, producing an increase in
temperature and/or pressure.
Conditions for the beginning of fire
Concurrent occurrence of three factors:

combustible
●
material
oxygen and
source of heat
●

forms so called combustion triangle

and it is a rule for all fires.
 Fire triangle

Heat

FIRE
Fuel Oxygen
Factors which may be at the origin of a fire are:

●
open flame,
●
electric spark,
●
hot surface,
●
high ambient temperature,
●
glowing material particles.
 Primary causes of fire:

- smoking, throwing cigarette butts, burning

matches into the waste bin or throwing them
near inflammable materials, as well as
technological manholes;
- improper handling open fire - matches,
candles, etc.;
- lack of a lightning protection system of the
facility,
- lack of appropriate supervision and
carelessness during fire hazardous work (e.g.
welding, metal cutting, use of solvents);
- improper workmanship, improper
operation and maintenance of electrical
equipment and installations;
- placing flammable objects and flammable
substances on or near heating appliances;
- arson and terrorist acts;
- using and storing flammable liquids in
violation of fire regulations;
 Fire prevention
●Do not change the location of installed fire extinguishing
and fire alarm appliances
● Do not block or narrow any escape routes.
● Do not store objects and various materials in escape
routes.
● Familiarise employees with the fire safety
regulations in force at the workplace.
● Do not use open fire and do not smoke in areas where
there is a risk of explosion.
● Smoking is allowed only in designated areas.
● Electrical appliances and accessories should be used in
accordance with the operating instructions.
● Flammables should not be stored within a distance of
less than 0.5 m from:
● devices and installations whose external surfaces may
heat up to a temperature exceeding 100°C,
● cable lines with voltages exceeding 1 kV,
● grounding wires and wires
● The distance from sources of heat radiation should be at
least 1 m
 Flammable waste, also
● Store flammable liquids and saturated
substances only in premises with oil rags, place in
designated for that purpose. lockable, non-
combustible containers.
● Limit the amount of flammable
materials stored at a workstation -
not more than the daily requirement.
● Dispose of flammable waste
systematically.
● Pour away residues of flammable
liquids into separate containers by
type of chemical composition.

Store flammable waste materials

and liquids of unknown
composition separately.
 Alerting the fire brigade:
To alarm the fire service:
press the manual fire alarm button

●from the nearest telephone call to the fire brigade alarm station or site
switchboard and answer the questions:
- What is on fire? (what kind of room or building etc. or any other
incident requiring the intervention of emergency services),
- Where is the fire? (give address; state what kind of hazard, if the there
are people in the building, what buildings are in the vicinity and if the are
are at risk)
- Who reports the fire?
 Rules of conduct during a fire:
● Keep calm!
● Report the fire immediately, giving
precise details of the location and extent of
the fire.
● Warn other employees of the fire.
● Shut down ventilation, transport and heating equipment, cut off pipes,
close the main gas valve, power down electrical equipment if necessary.
● Leave endangered areas immediately, using
staircases as well as marked escape and fire routes.
● Do not use the elevators.
● Carry out the operation in accordance with the fire
safety instructions.