Chemical Reations My PPT Form 1

2.
4 Chemical Reactions >
Chapter 2
Matter and Change
2.1 Properties of Matter
2.2 Mixtures
2.3 Elements and Compounds
2.4 Chemical Reactions
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2.4 Chemical Reactions > Chemical Changes
Chemical Changes
What always happens during a

chemical change?
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Words such as burn, rot, rust, decompose,

ferment, explode, and corrode usually
signify a chemical change.
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Iron is able to combine with oxygen to

form rust.
• The ability to rust is a chemical property of
iron.
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When charcoal is broken into smaller

pieces, the change is a physical change.
• The substances present
before the change are
the same substances
present after the change,
although the charcoal
pieces are not as large.
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When charcoal is broken into smaller

pieces, the change is a physical change.
• During a physical
change, the composition
of the matter never
changes.
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During a chemical change, the

composition of matter always
changes.
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When the charcoal is heated and burned,

a chemical change occurs.
• The substances in
charcoal react with
oxygen in the air to
form other
substances.
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A chemical change is also called a

chemical reaction.
• One or more substances change into one
or more new substances during a
chemical reaction.
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A chemical change is also called a

chemical reaction.
• One or more substances change into one
or more new substances during a
chemical reaction.
• A substance present at the start of the
reaction is a reactant.
• A substance produced in the reaction is a
product.
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In the burning of charcoal, carbon and

oxygen are the main reactants, and
carbon dioxide is the main product.
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2.4 Chemical Reactions >
What is always true of a chemical

change that is never true of a
physical change?
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What is always true of a chemical

change that is never true of a
physical change?
During a chemical change, the composition of

the matter always changes. During a physical
change, the composition of the matter never
changes.
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Recognizing Chemical
2.4 Chemical Reactions > Changes
Recognizing Chemical Changes

What are four possible clues
that a chemical change has
taken place?
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Possible clues to chemical change

include a transfer of energy, a
change in color, the production of a
gas, or the formation of a
precipitate.
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Every chemical change involves a

transfer of energy.
• For example, energy stored in natural gas
is used to cook food.
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transfer of energy.
– When the methane in natural gas chemically
combines with oxygen in the air, energy is given
off in the form of heat and light.
– Some of this energy is transferred to and
absorbed by food that is cooking over a lit gas
burner.
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transfer of energy.
– The energy causes chemical changes to take
place in the food.
– The food may change color and brown as it
cooks, which is another clue that chemical
changes are occurring.
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You can observe two other clues to

chemical change while cleaning a bathtub.
• The ring of soap scum that can form in a
bathtub is an example of a precipitate.
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– A precipitate is a solid that forms and
settles out of a liquid mixture.
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– Some bathroom cleaners that you can use to
remove soap scum start to bubble when you spray
them on the scum.
– The bubbles are produced because a gas is
released during the chemical change that is taking
place in the cleaner.
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If you observe a clue to chemical

change, you cannot be certain that a
chemical change has taken place.
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• The clue may be the result of a physical
change.
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• The clue may be the result of a physical
change.
– For example, energy is always transferred when
matter changes from one state to another.
– Bubbles form when you boil water or open a
carbonated drink.
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• The only way to be sure that a chemical
change has occurred is to test the
composition of a sample before and after
the change.
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Clues to chemical change often have

practical applications.
Production of a Gas
• Bubbles of carbon
dioxide form when two
antacid tablets are
dropped into a glass of
water.
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Color Change
• When a test strip is
dipped in a solution, the
color change is used to
determine the pH of the
solution.
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Formation of a Precipitate
• One step in the
production of cheese is
a reaction that causes
milk to separate into
solid curds and liquid
whey.
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2.4 Chemical Reactions > CHEMISTRY & YOU
Are the changes that happen to a

burning match chemical or physical
changes? How do you know?
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2.4 Chemical Reactions > CHEMISTRY & YOU
Are the changes that happen to a

burning match chemical or physical
changes? How do you know?
A burning match is
undergoing a chemical
change. There is a transfer
of heat, a production of
light, and a change of color.
The composition of the
materials also changes
during the burning process.
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How can you determine for sure that

a chemical change has taken place?
The only way to determine for sure if a

chemical change has taken place is to test
the composition of a sample before and after
the change.
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2.4 Chemical Reactions > Key Concepts
During a chemical change, the

composition of matter always changes.
Four possible clues to chemical change

include a transfer of energy, a change in
color, the production of a gas, or the
formation of a precipitate.
During any chemical reaction, the mass

of the products is always equal to the
mass of the reactants.
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2.

4 Chemical Reactions >

2.4 Chemical Reactions

What always happens during a

Words such as burn, rot, rust, decompose,

Iron is able to combine with oxygen to

When charcoal is broken into smaller

When charcoal is broken into smaller

During a chemical change, the

When the charcoal is heated and burned,

A chemical change is also called a

A chemical change is also called a

In the burning of charcoal, carbon and

What is always true of a chemical

What is always true of a chemical

During a chemical change, the composition of

Recognizing Chemical Changes

Possible clues to chemical change

Every chemical change involves a

Every chemical change involves a

Every chemical change involves a

You can observe two other clues to

You can observe two other clues to

You can observe two other clues to

If you observe a clue to chemical

If you observe a clue to chemical

If you observe a clue to chemical

If you observe a clue to chemical

Clues to chemical change often have

Clues to chemical change often have

Clues to chemical change often have

Are the changes that happen to a

Are the changes that happen to a

How can you determine for sure that

The only way to determine for sure if a

During a chemical change, the

Four possible clues to chemical change

During any chemical reaction, the mass

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