Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

(June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896)

Jose
was chosen by his mother
who was a devotee of the
Christian saint San Jose
(St. Joseph)
Protacio
from Gervacio Protacio,a
martyr,whose feast is
celebrated every June 19
which come from a
Christian calendar
Rizal
come from the Spanish
word “ricial”, which
means green field or new
pasture.
Mercado
adopted in 1731 by Domingo La
mco (the paternal great great-
grandfather of Jose Rizal) which
the Spanish term Mercado
means “market” in English
• Y – and

• Alonso- old surname of his

mother
Realonda - it was used by Doña
Teodora from the surname
of her godmother based on
their culture.The surname also
means “royal blood”
Don Francisco chose the surname RIZAL as
it was more appropriate because their
source of living was tilling the land. Jose
was the only one in the Mercado family
who first used this surname, making him
suspect he was illegitimate. But he was
asked to use it to avoid being associated
with his elder brother Paciano Mercado,
friend of the ill-fated Fr. Jose Burgos, one
of the Gom-Bur-Za.
• He was born on June 19, 1861
(Wednesday) between 11-12
o’clock midnight, a few days
before the full moon, in
Calamba, Laguna.
• June 22, 1861 (3 days after his
birth) he was baptized at the
Catholic church of Calamba by Fr.
Rufino Collantes. His godfather
was Pedro Casañas.
His godfather was.

Pedro Casañas
Jose Rizal’s baptismal register
• During the baptismal ceremony,
Fr. Collantes was impressed by the
baby’s big head...
“Take good care of this CHILD, for
someday he will become a GREAT
MAN”
Fr. Collantes
• He was the seventh child in a
family of 11 children (2 boys
and 9 girls).
The rizal family
Rizal’s parents
 • Born on May 11,
1818
• Born in Biñan,
Laguna
• Studied Latin
and Philosophy
at the college of
San Jose in
Francisco Mercado Manila
(1818-1898)
 • Hard worker
• Progressive farmer
• He moved to
Calamba and became
a tenant-farmer of
the Dominican-owned
hacienda.
• Married Teodora
Alonzo Realonda on
Francisco Mercado June 28, 1848
(1818-1898)
• Born on
November 8,
1826
• Born in Manila
• A graduate of
Santa Rosa
College teodora alonso
1826-1911)
• A woman of
remarkable talent
in mathematics,
business and
literature.
• She speaks
Spanish better
than Rizal.
teodora alonso
1826-1911)
 Siblings of
francisco mercado and teodora
alonso
• SATURNINA (1850-1913)
Nickname: Neneng
The eldest child.
Married Manuel T. Hidalgo of
Tanauan, Batangas.
• PACIANO (1851-1930)
The second child, the only brother of Jose
Rizal.
Studied at San Jose College in Manila.
After the execution of his younger
brother, he joined the revolution and
became a general.
• NARCISA (1852-1939)
Nickname: Sisa
The third child.
Married Antonio Lopez, a teacher
from Morong, Rizal.
• OLYMPIA (1855-1887)
Nickname: Yepa
The fourth child.
Married Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph
operator from Manila.
• LUCIA (1857-1919)
The fifth child.
Married Mariano Herbosa of
Calamba.
• MARIA (1859-1945)
Nickname: Biyang
The sixth child.
Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of
Biñan, Laguna.
• JOSE (1861-1896)
Nickname: Pepe
The seventh child and the second son.
Married Josephine Bracken from
Hongkong.
He was executed by the Spaniards on
December 30,1896.
• CONCEPCION (1862-1865)
Nickname: Concha
The eight child.
Died at the age of three.
• JOSEFA (1865-1945)
Nickname: Panggoy
The ninth child.
Died unmarried at the age of 80
• TRINIDAD (1868-1951)
Nickname: Trining
The tenth child.
Also died unmarried at the age of
83.
• SOLEDAD (1870-1929)
Nickname: Choleng
The youngest child.
Married Pantaleon Quintero of
Calamba.
RIZAL’S ancestry
• A product of the mixture of
races
• In his veins flowed the blood
of both EAST and WEST
• NEGRITO, INDONESIAN,
MALAY, CHINESE, JAPANESE
and SPANISH
• Predominantly, he was a
Malayan and was a
magnificent specimen of
Asian manhood.
RIZAL’S ancestry
(Paternal side)
• Domingo Lam-co – great-great grandfather
– A Chinese immigrant from Chinchew
“China’s City of Spring”, he was married to
Ines De la Rosa
• 1731 – he adopt the name “Mercado”
meaning market
• Francisco Mercado – Domingo Lam-co’s
son
• Juan Mercado – Francisco’s son, married to
Cirila Alejandro
• Francisco Mercado – Rizal’s father (son of
Juan Mercado)
 Rizal’s Ancestry
Father side

DOMINGO LAMCO INES DE LA ROSA

FRANCISCO CIRILA
MERCADO BERNACHA

13 children
JUAN MERCADO
CIRILA ALEJANDRO
(Rizal’s Grandfather)

FRANCISCO MERCADO
(Rizal’s Father) youngest of the 13
RIZAL’S ancestry
(maternal side)
• Lakan Dula – descendant
• Eugenio Ursua – (Japanese blood) -
great-great grandfather, he was married
to Benigna.
• Regina – daughter of Eugenio, married
to Manuel De Quintos
• Brigida – daughter of Regina, married to
Lorenzo Alberto, mother of Narcisa,
Teodora, Gregorio, Jose and Manuel
• Rizal – “ricial”; meaning “new pasture”
and “green field”
 Rizal’s Ancestry
Mother side
EUGENIO URSUA BENIGNA

MANUEL DE QUINTOS REGINA

LORENZO ALBERTO ALONSO BRIGIDA

(Rizal’s Grandfather)

TEODORA ALONSO
(Rizal’s Mother)
Both their families had adopted
the additional surnames
of Rizal and Realonda in 1849,
after Governor General Narciso
Clavería y Zaldúa decreed the
adoption of Spanish surnames
among the Filipinos for census
purposes
The rizal HOUSE
One of the distinguished stone houses
in Calamba during Spanish times.
It was a two-storey building, rectangular in shape, built of
adobe stones and hard-woods, and roofed with red tiles.
First to have a home
LIBRARY with almost
1,000 volumes, and
probably , the first to
send their children to
Manila to study in
college.
They were one of the few families to own a
CARRUAJE – a horse-drawn carriage.
The family was highly esteemed and respected in the
community because of WEALTH, CULTURE, HOSPITALITY,
SINCERITY and WARMTH.