Rizal's

Family,
Childhood,
and Early
Education
What comes into
your mind when
you hear the term
" Batang Rizal"?
OBJECTIVES:
• Understand the influence of Rizal's family
background on his development and values.

• Analyze the key events and experiences that

shaped Rizal's childhood and early education.
The Birth of Rizal
Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
• He was born on June June19,
19, 1861
1861, in the
lakeshore of Calamba Laguna
• The birth occured between eleven and
twelve o'clock at night, just few days before
the full moon.
The Birth of Rizal
• He write on his diary, " Memoirs
of a student in Manila", that his
mother had a difficult time
giving birth to him
The Birth of Rizal
• He was baptized on JuneJune 22,
22,1861,
1861,
three days after his birth
• He was baptized in a Catholic Church
by the parish priest Father Rufino Collantes
• His Godfather was
Reverend Father Pedro
Casanas
• During the baptism
ceremony, Father Collantes
noticed that Jose's head is
unusually large for baby
• He was christened Jose Protacio in
honor of two saints – Saint Joseph
Joseph
and Saint
Saint Protacio
Protacio
• Her mother was devout of Saint
Joseph or San Jose
• Saint Protacio is the patron saint
of June 19, who was martyred in
Milan, Italy.
• 1862 – Pepe's baptismal certificate is unfortunately
destroyed in the fire

• Father Leoncio Lopez

– a Filipino priest and a friend of Mercado family.

• Pepe – pet name of Jose Rizal

• According to the book ' In
Excelsis', authored by Felice
Prudente Santa Maria explains that
Rizal got the nickname ' Pepe'
because the letters P.P. were
always used after the name of
Saint Joseph.
• In Latin, ' P.P.' stands for " pater
putativus" which means " putative
father".
• In Spanish, the letter " P" is
pronounced as 'peh' which led to
start calling Saint Joseph " Pepe"
instead of Jose.
Father of Rizal
• born as the youngest of 13 children
to Cirila Alejandro & Juan Mercado
• born on May 11,11,1818
1818 in Biñan,
Laguna
• From the fourth generation of a
Francisco Engracio Rizal Chinese immigrant named Domingo
Mercado y Arejandra II Lamco– arrived in the late 1600
Father of Rizal
• studied Latin and Philosophy at
the College of San Jose Manila
• He was elected by the citizens of
Calamba as their ' cabeza de
barangay'
Francisco Engracio Rizal • He was a Dominican state tenant
Mercado y Arejandra II and landowner in Calamba
Father of Rizal
• September 1899
– He was evicted from his house due to his
failure in agrarian case with the friars
• January 5, 1898
– He died at the age of 80 in Manila.

Francisco Engracio Rizal • Rizal considered him as " model of

Mercado y Arejandra II fathers
Mother of Rizal
• November 9, 1827
– Doña Theodora was born in Manila
• Second child of Lorenzo
Alonso & Brigida de Quintos
Doña Theodora Morales • She attended the College of
Alonzo Realonda y Quintos Santa Rosa.
Mother of Rizal
• She was a remarkable
woman with refined
culture, literary talent,
business acumen, and the
Doña Theodora Morales tenacity of Spartan
Alonzo Realonda y Quintos woman.
Mother of Rizal
• August 16, 1911
– She died in Manila at the age
of 85 in her home San
Fernando Street in Binondo
Doña Theodora Morales
Alonzo Realonda y Quintos
Jose Rizal letter to Blumentritt:
" My mother is not a woman of ordinary
culture. She is more knowledgeable about
literature and speaks more fluently than I
do..."
Siblings of
Rizal
Siblings
• commonly referred as Neneng
• attended La Concordia College in
Manila's Sta. Ana.
• She married Manuel T. Hidalgo
• 1909
Saturnina – she published Pascual Poblete's Tagalog
( 1860-1913) translation of Noli me Tangere
Siblings • elder and only brother of Rizal
• commonly referred as Ciano
• he studied Latin with Maestro
Justiniano Cruz
• Jose referred him as " Uto"
Paciano • He was an ardent and dynamic
( 1851- 1930) katipunero.
• On June 23, 1888, Rizal wrote to
Blumentritt wherein he expressed his regret
for failing to introduce his brother to him.
• Jose Taviel de Andrade- said that whenever
he thinks of him, he is more generous than
today's Spaniard.
• 1900
– Paciano was apprehended by the American forces
because of his involvement as a military commander
in the Revolutionary forces in Laguna

• He married Severina Decena

Decena, and had two
children.
• 1900
– Paciano was apprehended by the American forces
because of his involvement as a military commander
in the Revolutionary forces in Laguna

• He married Severina Decena

Decena, and had two
children.
 Siblings • Second daughter and third child of
Don Francisco and Doña Theodora
• also known as Sisa
• married Antonio Lopez – a teacher
and musician
Narcissa • only family member who visited
( 1852- 1938) Rizal before his execution
 Siblings
• She was called Ypia
• married to Selvestro Ubaldo —a telegraph
operator from Manila
• Jose loved to tease her
• Segunda Katigbak
Olimpia – Jose's first love, Olympia's
( 1855- 1887) schoolmate at La Concordia College
Siblings
• Married to Mariano Herbosa and
they had five children
• 1889
– Mariano died due to an epidemic, but
Lucia he was denied a Christian burial.
( 1857- 1919)
 Siblings
• Married to Daniel Faustino Cruz of
Biñan, Laguna and they had five
children
• She was a known recipient of many of
Maria letters of Jose Rizal
( 1859- 1945)
 Siblings

• was called Concha

• died at the age of three
Concepcion
( 1862- 1965)
 Siblings

• She was unmarried and lived

with her sister Trinidad until
death
Josefa •suffered from epilepsy
( 1865- 1945)
Siblings
• One who received from Jose an
alcohol lamp in which he
secretly hid the " Last
Farewell" or the " Mi Ultimo
Trinidad Adios" a poem wrote by Rizal on
( 1868- 1951) the eve of his death.
 Siblings

• Youngest of the Rizal siblings

• Married Pantaleon Quintero
and they had five children
Soledad
( 1870- 1929)
 Rizal's
Ancestry
 Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

• Rizal was the product of mixture of

races.
• In his blood flows the blood of both
East and West– Negrito, Indonesian,
Malay, Chinese, Japanese, and Spanish
Domingo Lamco
• A native Chinese of Sionggue City of Changchow,
Province of Fukien.
• Rizal's great- great- grandfather on his
father's side.
• He arrived in Manila around 1690
Domingo Lamco
• He married a well-do Christian girl of manila,
Ines de la Rosa
• 1731 – He change his surname to " Mercado
Mercado"' which means
' market
 Francisco Mercado
• Jose's great grandfather
• He married Cirila Bernacha ( a Chinese-
Filipino mestiza ) in Hacienda San Pedro
Tunasan
• He was elected as the Gobernadorcillo in Biñan
 Juan Mercado
• Jose's grandfather
• He was also elected as the Gobernadorcillo and
was elected three times – 1808, 1813, 1823
• He married Cirila Alejandra– daughter of
Lamco's grandson Siongco
• Doña's Theodora's family descended
from Lakandula, the last native king of
Tondo.
• Eugenio Ursua – Rizal's great-great
grandfather
• Eugenio married Benigna
Why Jose used Rizal as a last name while the others
continued to used Mercado?
• His brother advised Jose to used Rizal
because it was safe for him and will not
interfere his study because his brother
may associate him with Mercado.