BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

The National Engineering University

Alangilan Campus
College of Architecture, Fine Arts and Design
Jose Rizal's
Genealogy And
Early Education
GEd 103 - Life and Works of Rizal
Mr. Windle Miranda Perez
Guest Lecturer I
Contents of the Topic
✓Overview
1. The Ancestry Clan of Rizal
2. The Siblings
3. Rizal Early Childhood and Writings
4. Rizal Early Education and Religious
The Ancestry Clan
of Rizal
Who is Dr. Jose Rizal
▪ Jose Protacio Realonda Alonso Y
Mercado Rizal - known to a “child
of a good family".
▪ He was born on June 19, 1861
between eleven o'clock and
twelve o'clock at night , a few
days before the full moon in
Calamba.
Who is Dr. Jose Rizal
▪ He was the seventh of
eleventh children, the
younger of two boys and
with nine sisters all in all
▪ Austin Craig accounted that
Rizal’s Father began in the
Philippines with CHINAMAN.
Who is Dr. Jose Rizal
▪ A Philippine Hero, Traveler
▪ A linguist, he knows about 22
languages
▪ A talented, brilliant, and
genius man of honor
▪ An ophthalmologist
▪ A poet, novelist, philosopher
and historian
Who is Dr. Jose Rizal
▪ He is also a farmer-
businessman
▪ Sculptor; “The Triumph of
Science over Death” or
“Scientia”
▪ Cartographer
▪ Bibliophile
Who is Dr. Jose Rizal
▪ Jose Protacio Realonda Alonso
Mercado Rizal
• Jose - it as chosen by his mother who was devotee
of the Christian saint San Jose.
• Protacio - was taken from St. Protacio who were
very properly was a martyr.
• Rizal - the name was adapted in 1850 authority of
the Royal Decree of 1849 upon the order of
Governor Narciso Claveria.
• Alonzo - old surname of his mother
• Y and Realonda – it was use by Donya Teodora
from the surname of her godmother.
Who is Dr. Jose Rizal
▪ The Rizal family is considered as one
of the biggest family during their time
Domingo Lam-co (Chinese Entrepreneur)
▪ The family's paternal ascendant was
Chinese who came to the Philippines
from Amoy, China in the closing years
of the 17th century and married a half-
Chinese by the name of Ines de la
Rosa.
Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)
▪ Father of Jose Rizal who was
the youngest of 13 off springs
of Juan and Cirila Mercado.
▪ Born in Biñan, Laguna on April
18, 1818
▪ Studied in San Jose College,
Manila; and died in Manila.
Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)
▪ Studied Latin and Philosophy at
the College of San Jose in Manila
▪ Became tenant-farmer of the
Dominican-owned hacienda
▪ He was hardworking and
independent-minded who talked
less but worked more valiant
spirit.
Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)
▪Died in Manila on January
5, 1898, at the age of 80
▪Rizal affectionately called
him “a model of father”
▪Parents are Juan Mercado
and Cirila Alejandrino
Teodora Alonso (1827-1913)
▪ Born in Sta. Cruz, Manila on
November 8, 1826
▪ Studied at Colegio de Sta. Rosa
in Manila
▪ A remarkable woman,
possessing refined culture,
literary talent, business ability,
and fortitude of Spartan women
Teodora Alonso (1827-1913)
▪Woman of ordinary
culture; she knows
literature and speaks
Spanish according to Rizal
▪Died in Manila on August
16, 1913, at the age of 86
Teodora Alonso (1827-1913)
▪ Parents; Lorenzo Alonso, a
municipal captain and Brijida de
Quintos, an educated housewife
and had four other siblings
▪ They prospered in Calamba after
involving themselves in business
and agriculture.
Teodora Alonso (1827-1913)
▪ Parents; Lorenzo Alonso, a municipal
captain and Brijida de Quintos, an
educated housewife and had four
other siblings
▪ They prospered in Calamba after
involving themselves in business and
agriculture.
▪ Known to be a hardworking,
intelligent, business-minded woman.
The Rizal’s Siblings
Saturnina Rizal (1850-1913)
▪Full name; Saturnina Mercado Rizal
Hidalgo
▪Born in 1818
▪She had 5 children
▪Eldest child of Rizal-Alonso marriage.
Saturnina Rizal (1850-1913)
▪Married to Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of
Tanauan, Batangas
▪She and her mother provided the little
Jose with the basic education by the age
of three.
▪died the same year as her mother in 1913.
Paciano Rizal (1851-1930)
▪Full name; Paciano Rizál Mercado y Alonso
Realonda
▪aka "Lolo Ciano" was the only brother of
Jose Rizal.
▪He was born in 1851 and studied in Biñan
later attending school at the Colegio de
San Jose in Manila.
Paciano Rizal (1851-1930)
▪he joined in the Philippine Revolution
where he rose up to the ranks of a General.
▪He later married Severina Decena of Los
Banos and had two children of which one
died at an early age.
▪He passed away in 1930.
Narcisa Rizal (1852-1939)
▪Full name; Narcisa Alonso Realonda
Rizal Mercado Lopez
▪born in 1852 and was the one who
found the unmarked grave of her
brother, Jose in the abandoned Old
Paco Cemetery
Narcisa Rizal (1852-1939)
▪Married Antonio Lopez who was a teacher
and musician from Morong, Rizal.
▪She died in 1938.
▪She help in financing Rizal’s studies in
Europe, even pawning her jewelry and
peddling her clothes if needed
Olympia Rizal (1855-1887)
▪Full name; Olympia Rizal Mercado y
Alonso Realonda Ubaldo
▪Born in 1855; She married Silvestre Ubaldo
and together they had three children.
▪She died in 1887 from childbirth when she
was only 32 years old.
Olympia Rizal (1855-1887)
▪Jose loved to tease her,
sometimes good-humoredly
describing her as his stout sister.
▪She died of childbirth in 1887.
Lucia Rizal (1857-1919)
▪Full name; Lucia Alonso Rizal Realonda
Herbosa
▪was born on December 13, 1857, in
Calamba, Laguna, Philippines
▪fifth Rizal child, was the wife of Mariano
Herbosa
Lucia Rizal (1857-1919)
▪They were the parents of at least 4
sons and 7 daughters.
▪She died on 25 December 1919, in
her hometown, at the age of 63, and
was buried in Manila North
Cemetery
Lucia Rizal (1857-1919)
▪In 1889 Mariano died due to an
epidemic but was denied a Christian
burial.
▪This showed the beginning of the
persecution of the Rizal family by
Spanish friars.
Maria Rizal (1859-1945)
▪Full name; Maria Rizal Mercado y Alonso
Realonda Cruz
▪the sixth Rizal child, became the wife of
Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna.
▪It was to her whom Jose talked about
wanting to marry Josephine Bracken
Maria Rizal (1859-1945)
▪Born in 1859; Mauricio Cruz, one of Maria's
children became a student of Jose Rizal in
Dapitan; was known to be one of his
uncle’s.
▪Maria was a known recipient of many odd
Jose's letters during his lifetime.
Maria Rizal (1859-1945)
▪Maria died in 1945
▪In his letter date December 28,
1981, Jose wrote to Maria
Concepcion Rizal (1862-1865)
▪Full name; Concepcion Alonso Mercado
Rizal
▪Concepcion Rizal was born in 1862.
▪her pet's name was Concha; she died of
sickness at the age of 3 in 1865;
▪her death was Rizal’s first sorrow in life.
Josefa Rizal (1865-1945)
▪Full name; Josefa Rizal Mercado y
Alonso Realonda
▪ninth child in the family; born in 1865;
unmarried lived together with sister
Trinidad until death.
Josefa Rizal (1865-1945)
▪Panggay (her nickname) died an old
maid at the age of 80.
▪Josefa was said to have suffered
from epilepsy. She died in 1945.
Trinidad Rizal (1868-1951)
▪Full name; Trinidad Rizal Mercado y
Alonso Realonda
▪the tenth Rizal child; born in 1868;
remained unmarried and lived together
with her sister Josefa.
Trinidad Rizal (1868-1951)
▪ she was the custodian of Rizal’s greatest
poem.
▪ the one who received an alcohol lamp from
brother Jose, in which he secretly hid the
"Last Farewell" better known as "Mi Ultimo
Adios," a poem
Trinidad Rizal (1868-1951)
▪Rizal wrote on the eve of his
death in 1896
▪She died also an old maid in 1951
at the age of 83; outliving all her
siblings
Soledad Rizal (1870-1929)
▪Full name; Soledad Mercado Realonda
Rizal Quintero
▪born in 1870; the youngest Rizal child
▪married Pantaleon Quintero and
together they had 5 children.
▪Soledad died in 1929.
Rizal’s Childhood Experiences
and Early Education
 Childhood Experiences
▪ Jose Rizal had many beautiful
memories of childhood in his
native town Calamba where he
grew up with his family.

▪ The happiest period of Rizal’s life was spent in this lakeshore

town, a worthy prelude to his Hamlet-like tragic manhood.
▪ He loved Calamba with all his heart and soul. In 1876, when he
was 15 years old and was a student in Ateneo de Manila, he
remembered his beloved town. Accordingly, he wrote a poem Un
Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In Memory of My Town).
 Childhood Experiences
▪ According to some readings,
his mother nearly died during
his delivery because of his big
head.
▪ Three days after his birth, Rizal was baptized on June 22 of
the said year with the name Jose Rizal Mercado at the
Catholic church of Calamba by the parish priest Rev.
Rufino Collantes. He was the seventh child of Francisco
Mercado Rizal and Teodora Alonso y Quintos.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ The first memory of Rizal, in his
infancy, was his happy days in the
family garden when he was three
years old.

▪ Because he was a frail, sickly, and undersized child, he was

given the tenderest care by his parents.
▪ His father built a nipa cottage in the garden for him to play in a
day.
▪ A kind old woman was employed as an aya (nurse maid) to look
after his comfort.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ “Pepe” or “Pepito” to the town
people of Calamba
▪ 1868 (7 yrs. Old), he wrote a
comedy for the local fiesta
▪ A voracious reader, was able to
read at age of 3
▪ Was influenced greatly by his mother in his education and
development of interest in poetry, music and European
literature
▪ Readings in Tagalog poetry and assignments in Phil. History
inculcated sense of Filipino Culture
 Childhood Experiences
▪ At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his
first poem in the native language
entitled Sa Aking mga Kabata (To
My Fellow Children)

▪ At a very young age, he has shown great interest in reading.

He enjoyed reading books in their library at home, with his
mother who acts as his reading teacher and a critic.
▪ At this time, he also learned how to pray and even read the
bible.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ When Jose Rizal grew older, his
parents acquired private tutors to
give him lessons at home in
preparation for his formal
education.
▪ One of them was Leon Monroy, a classmate of his father
who taught him the rudiments of Latin.
▪ At about this time, his mother’s cousin, Uncle Manuel
Alberto, who frequently visited the family in Calamba, was
worried about his nephew’s physical development.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ He then taught Rizal to develop
the skills in swimming, fencing,
wrestling and other sports, while
Uncle Jose taught him to love and
admire the beauty of nature.
▪ Uncle Gregorio, a scholar, has instilled in Rizal’s mind the
love for education and its importance, the value of hard
work, to think for himself, and to observe his surroundings
carefully.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ When he was four years old, his
sister Concepcion, the eighth child
in the Rizal family, died at the age
of three.

▪ This was the first time he cried as a young boy. As sad as

he was, the parish priest of Calamba, Father Leoncio
Lopez, helped Rizal understand the philosophy of life and
learned the value of scholarship and intellectual honesty.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ Rizal, in his childhood, used to
take long rides through all the
surrounding country by riding his
pony that his father gave him.
Among his pets were doves and a
dog.
▪ Owing to the continuous teaching of Doña Teodora, Rizal was
persuaded to express his feelings through verses.
▪ He was able to write his first poem when he was eight years old.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ The poem was entitled “Sa Aking
Mga Kababata” (To My Fellow
Children), which showed that
Rizal, even at a young age, already
had love for his country.
▪ He similarly incorporates the love for the native language with
God’s gift of freedom. He compared his native language or
Tagalog to Latin, English and Spanish.
▪ Tagalog, like any other languages, had its own alphabet and
system writing, which according to Rizal, disappeared because
they were neglected or ignored.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ The poem was entitled “Sa Aking
Mga Kababata” (To My Fellow
Children), which showed that
Rizal, even at a young age, already
had love for his country.
▪ He similarly incorporates the love for the native language with
God’s gift of freedom.
▪ Tagalog, like any other languages, had its own alphabet and
system writing, which according to Rizal, disappeared because
they were neglected or ignored.
▪ He encourages his fellow children to love their native tongue.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ After Rizal’s tutor Leon Monroy
died, his parents decided to
transfer Rizal to a private school in
Biñan, Laguna.

▪ He was accompanied by his older brother Paciano, who acted as

his second father during his school days in Biñan.
▪ The school was then supervised by Maestro Justiniano Aquino
Cruz.
▪ The maestro asked him if he knows how to speak Latin or
Spanish, but in response, he only knew a little of the languages.
 Childhood Experiences
▪ While Rizal’s interest in
painting was nurtured early
on by an old painter named
Juancho of Biñan.
▪ During this time, knowledge was taught in the minds of
the students by doing tedious memorization method.
▪ Despite some lack of the elementary education in
Spanish system, Rizal was able to have the needed
instruction preparatory for college work in Manila.
CRITIQUE PAPER
▪ A critique is a short paper, usually about one
book or article. First, it gives a short summary of
what the author has said. Second, it looks at the
work critically. You will need to assess the
strengths and weaknesses of the piece of
research or writing. It is important to remember
that criticism can be positive as well as
negative.
WHY WRITE CRITIQUE PAPER
▪ A critique is an exercise in judging the value of a
piece of writing or research.
▪ It is also a way of improving your own skills by
looking at the way other writers and
researchers work. It is a valuable exercise in the
careful reading of text that will increase your
understanding of a particular subject.
PARTS OF CRITIQUE
PAPER
▪Introduction
▪Summary
▪Critique
▪Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
▪An effective introduction:
1. Provides a quick snapshot of
background information readers may
need in order to follow along with the
argument
2. Defines key terminology as needed
3. Ends with a strong argument (thesis)
SUMMARY
▪ is a broad overview of what is discussed in a source. In a
critique essay, writers should always assume that those
reading the essay may be unfamiliar with the work being
examined. For that reason, the following should be included
early in the paper:
1. The name of the author(s) of the work
2. The title of the work
3. A quick overview of the
• Main ideas presented in the work
• Arguments presented in the work
• Any conclusions presented in the work
CRITIQUE
▪ The critique is your evaluation of the resource. A
strong critique:
1.Discusses the strengths of the resource
2.Discusses the weaknesses of the resource
3.Provides specific examples (direct quotes, with proper citation)
as needed to support your evaluation
4.Discusses anything else pertinent to your evaluation, including
• The accuracy of the resource
• Any bias found within the resource
• The relevance of the resource
• The clarity of the resource
CONCLUSION
▪ A conclusion has three main functions in an
essay. A conclusion will:
1. Summarize the main ideas presented in
the essay
2. Remind readers of the thesis (argument)
3. Draw the paper to a close
Thanks!
Do you have any
questions?
Jose Rizal's
Genealogy And
Early Education
GEd 103 - Life and Works of Rizal
Mr. Windle Miranda Perez
Guest Lecturer I