Jose

The Birth of a Hero

June 19, 1861

Calamba, Laguna
Teodora Alonso
Realonda y
Quintos
Francisco Mercado
 • Born in Binan, Laguna on May
11, 1898
Rizal’s Father • Studied Latin and Philosophy at
Don Francisco Mercado the College of San Jose in
(1818-1898) Manila
• Became a tennant-farmer of the
Dominican-owned hacienda
• A hardly and independent-
minded man, who talked less
and worked more, and was
strong in body and valiant in
spirit.
• Died in Manila on January 5,
1898 at age of 80.
• Rizal affectionately called him
“a model father.”
 • Born in Manila on November
Rizal’s Mother 8, 1826
• Educated at the College of
Teodora Alonso Realonda
Santa Rosa, a well known
y Quintos (1826-1911)
college for girls in the City.
• A remarkable woman,
possessing refined culture,
literary talent, business ability,
and the fortitude of Spartan.
• Is a woman of more than
ordinary culture; she known
literature and speaks Spanish
(according to Rizal)
• Died in Manila on August 16,
1911 at age of 85.
 Information about his parents
Filipino, Chinese, Spanish, Japanese
ancestry
maternal great-great-grandfather
EUGENIO URSUA, a descendant of
Japanese settlers, married a Filipina
named Benigna
gave birth to REGINA URSUA who
married a Sangley mestizo from
Pangasinán named ATTY. MANUEL
de QUINTOS (Teodora's grandfather)
daughter BRIGIDA de QUINTOS
married a Spanish mestizo
named LORENZO ALBERTO
ALONZO (the father of
Teodora)
REALONDA – Gen. Narciso
Claveria
(paternal great-great-grandfather)
Domingo Lam-co , a Chinese
immigrant entrepreneur who sailed
to the Philippines from China (17th
century)
Lam-co married Inez de la Rosa, a
Sangley native of Luzon.
Lam-co to Mercado (market) to
indicate their Chinese merchant
roots.
"Ricial", apropos their main
occupation of farming
"Rizal" (originally Ricial, the green
of young growth or green fields),
was adopted by Jose to enable
him to travel freely as the
Mercados had gained notoriety by
Paciano's earlier links with Filipino
priests who were sentenced to
death as subversives.
• Rizal always called her sisters Doña or
Señora (married) and Señorita (Single).
• Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso
Realonda married on June 28, 1848, after
which they settele down in Calamba.
• The real surname of the Rizal was Mercado,
which was adopted in 1713 by Domingo
Lamco (paternal great-great grandfather of
Jose Rizal), who was afull blooded Chinese.
• Rizal’s family acquired a second surname –
Rizal_ which was given by a Spanish
Alcalde Mayor (provincial governor) of
Laguna who was a family friend.
 Brothers and Sisters…

► Saturnina
(1850- ► Oldest of the Rizal
1913) Children
► Nicknamed Neneng
► Married to Manuel
T. Hidalgo of
Tanauan, batangas
Paciano ► Older brother and confident of
Jose Rizal
► He was the second father to
Rizal
► Immortalized him in Rizal’s first
novel Noli Me Tangere as the
wise Pilosopong Tasio
► Rizal regarded him as the “most
noble of Filipinos”.
► He became a combat general in
the Philippine Revolution.
► Died on April 13, 1930, an old
bachelor at age of 79, he had
two children by his mistress
(Severina Decena)a boy & a girl
► Narcisa(1852- ► Petname Sisa
1939) ► She was married to
Antonio Lopez
(Nephew of Fr.
Leoncio Lopez), a
school teacher of
Morong.
► Olympia (1855-1887) ► Petname Ypia
► She was married to
Silvestre Ubaldo, a
telegraph operator in
Manila
► Lucia (1857-1979) ► Shewas married to
Mariano Herbosa of
Calamba, who was
a nephew of F.
Casanas
► Maria (1859-1945) ► Biang was her
petname
► She was married to
Daniel Faustino Cruz of
Binan, Laguna
► Jose ► Josephine
Bracken
 ► Concha was her pet
name
► She died at the age of
► Concepcion(1862- 3 because of sickness
1865)
► Her death was Rizal’s
first sorrow in life
 ► Panggoy was her pet-
name
► Josefa (1865-1945) ► An old maid, died at
age 80
► Trinidad
(1868-
1951)
 Trining was her
petname
 An old maid, died
at age 83
► Soledad (1870-1929) ► Choleng was her
petname
► She was married to
Pantaleon Quintero of
Calamba
Early Childhood…

22 June 1861
He was baptized JOSE RIZAL MERCADO at
the Catholic church of Calamba by the parish
priest Rev. Rufino Collantes with Rev. Pedro
Casañas as the sponsor.

28 September 1862
The parochial church of Calamba and the
canonical books, including the book in which
Rizal’s baptismal records were entered, were
burned.
• 1864
Barely three years old, Rizal
learned the alphabet from his
mother.

1865
(four years old) sister Conception,
died at the age of three. It was on
this occasion that Rizal
remembered having shed real
tears for the first time.
1865 – 1867
During this time his mother taught
him how to read and write.

His father hired a classmate by the

name of Leon Monroy who, for five
months until his (Monroy) death,
taught Rizal the rudiments of Latin.
Influences on the Hero’s Boyhood
• Hereditary Influence
• Environmental Influence
• Aid of the Divine Providence

• Uncle Manuel Alberto – he guided Rizal on

his physical exercises/ development, love
for the open air, great admiration for the
beauty of nature
• Uncle Gregorio –intensified Rizal’s
voracious reading of good books (love for
education).
• Uncle Jose Alberto –he
develop the artistic ability
of Rizal (painting,
sculpture and sketching)
• Fr. Leoncio Lopez-
fostered Rizal’s love for
scholarship and
intellectual honesty.
• 6 June 1868 
pilgrimage to Antipolo to fulfill the vow
Virgin of Antipolo)

visited sister Saturnina (La Concordia College in

Sta. Ana)
a print of the Virgin, a souvenir of this pilgrimage,
was pasted inside José's wooden chest when he
left home for school; later on it was preserved in an
album and went with him in all his travels.

1869
At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first poem
entitled "Sa Aking Mga Kabata”
 “Sa Aking Mga Kabata”

Kapagka ang baya'y sadyang umiibig

Sa kanyang salitang kaloob ng langit,
Sanglang kalayaan nasa ring masapit
Katulad ng ibong nasa himpapawid.

Pagka't ang salita'y isang kahatulan

Sa bayan, sa nayo't mga kaharian,
At ang isang tao'y katulad, kabagay
Ng alin mang likha noong kalayaan.
 
Ang hindi magmahal sa kanyang salita
Mahigit sa hayop at malansang isda,
Kaya ang marapat pagyamaning kusa
Na tulad sa inang tunay na nagpala.
 
Ang wikang Tagalog tulad din sa Latin
Sa Ingles, Kastila at salitang anghel,
Sapagka't ang Poong maalam tumingin
Ang siyang naggawad, nagbigay sa atin.
 
Ang salita nati'y huwad din sa iba
Na may alfabeto at sariling letra,
Na kaya nawala'y dinatnan ng sigwa
Ang lunday sa lawa noong dakong una.
Early Education in Calamba
and Biñan
The first teacher of Rizal was his
mother, who was a remarkable
woman of good character and fine
culture.

first discovered that her son had a

talent for poetry. Accordingly, she
encouraged him to write poems.

the Story of the moth

 Tutors…

Maestro Celestino- first private

tutor
Maestro Lucas Padua- science
tutor
Leon Monroy- a former classmate
of his father, that instructed in
Spanish and Latin. He died 5
months later
A big influence in the
formation of the
child's character was
his association with
the parish priest of
Calamba, Father
Leoncio Lopez.

your name
In Biñan, Laguna…
 1870
Paciano brought Rizal to Biñan,
Laguna.
placed under the tutelage of
Justiniano Aquino Cruz,
studying Latin and Spanish.
also learned the art of painting
under the tutorship of Juancho
Carrera.
In Biñan School…
 Maestro Justiniano
Aquino Cruz
“He was tall, thin, long-necked, with
sharp nose and a body slightly bent
forward, and he used to wear a sinamay
shirt, woven by the skilled hands of the
women of Batangas.
 Pedro- his classmate that
challenge him to fight
 Andres Salandanan-
challenge Rizal to a wrestling
match
 17 December 1870
 he left Biñan after one
year and a half of
schooling. returned to
Calamba on board the
motorboat Talim.
 Arturo Camos- a French
friend of Rizal’s father
who took care oh him
on board.
 His parents planned to
transfer him to Manila
where he could continue
his studies.
 “the boy had been only a few
months under his care when
the pupil was told that he
knew as much as his master”
Life in Ateneo
The Jesuit method of
education (Escuela Pia,
Ateneo Municipal, Ateneo de
Manila) was a change from
that in the former schools. It
treated the Filipino as a
Spaniard and made no
distinctions between the races
in the school dormitory.
your name
In the older institutions of
Manila the Spanish students
lived in the Spanish way and
spoke their own language, but
Filipinos were required to talk
Latin, sleep on floor mats and
eat with their hands from low
tables.

your name
To enter the Ateneo a
candidate was
subjected to an
entrance examination
on Christian doctrine,
reading, writing,
grammar, and
elementary arithmetic.
your name
• Paciano (San José
College in Manila)
• regularly failed in
passing his
examinations because
of his outspokenness
against the evils of the
country.
your name
• Paciano was a great
favorite with Doctor
Burgos (lived and for
whom he acted as
messenger and go-
between) in the
delicate negotiations
of the propaganda
which the doctor was
carrying on.
your name
greatest influence
during this period was
Spanish judicial
injustice in the legal
persecutions of his
mother (though
innocent, for two years
was treated as a
criminal and held in
prison)
your name
 attempted revenge of a
lieutenant of the Civil
Guard
this official had been in
the habit of having his
horse fed at the Mercado
home
 once there was a scarcity
of fodder and Mr. Mercado
insisted that his own
stock was entitled to care
before he could extend
hospitality to others
your name
 a disagreement
between José
Alberto (brother in
Biñan, and his
wife)
attempted murder
against Alberto and
his sister
your name
a disgruntled judge,
ordered Mrs. Rizal to
be conducted at once
to the provincial
prison
not in the usual way
by boat but afoot
around the lake
it was a long journey
from Kalamba to
SantaCruz
your name
Alberto gave a power of
attorney to an over-
intelligent lawyer who
worded his authority so
that it gave him the right
to do everything which
his principal himself
could have done
"personally, legally and
ecclesiastically.“

money
your name
her little daughter danced
before the Governor-
General once when he was
traveling through the
country, won his approval,
and when he asked what
favor he could do for her,
presented a petition for
her mother's release.

your name
• Ateneo (Jesuits)
• San Juan de Letran
(Dominican)
• refused at first by the
college registrar (Fr.
Magin Ferrando):
1. late for registration
2. sickly and undersized for
his age
Fr. Xerez Burgos
your name
Mercado had come under
suspicion of the authorities
because it was the name
used by Paciano…Jose
adopted the second
surname, Rizal.
Paciano who accompanied
Jose, found him a house in
Walled City, but Intramuros
looked gloomy to Jose, and
he later found lodging
outside, in the house of a
spinster situated on Calle
Carballo, district of Santa
Cruz. your name
RIZAL'S first home in
Manila was in a nipa
house with Manuel
Hidalgo (this spot is
now marked with a
tablet which gives the
date of his coming as
the latter part of
February, 1872)
your name
• classes into groups of interns
(Roman Empire) and externs
(Carthaginian Empire)
• 5 dignitaries
 Emperor
 Tribune
 Decurion
 Centurion
 Standard-bearer
these dignities were won
by means of individual
competitions in which it
was necessary to catch
one’s adversary in error
three times.
 First Professor…
• Fr. Jose Bech
“a man of high stature; lean body, bent
forward; quick gait; small, sunken
eyes; sharp Grecian nose; thin lips
forming an arch with its sides directed
toward the chin." He was somewhat of
a lunatic and of an uneven humor;
sometimes he was hard and little
tolerant and at other times he was gay
and playful as a child.
 as a newcomer, Jose was at first
put at the tail of the class
(Carthaginian)
 end of one month he had attained
the rank of Emperor
 at the end of the term he obtained
marks of excellent in all the
subjects and in the examinations.
• private lessons in
Spanish
• Sta. Isabel College
• P3
2 Year…
nd

boarded inside Intramuros No.

6 Calle Magallanes.
at the end of the term he
obtained a medal, and upon
returning to his town, he again
visited his mother in jail alone.

mother’s release produced in

his spirit had much influence
on the result of his studies in
the third year, for he began to
win prizes in the quarterly
examinations. 
your name
Alexander Dumas The Count of
Monte Cristo.
the sufferings of the hero Edmond
Dantes in prison

asked his father to buy a copy of

The Universal History by Cesar
Cantu, and according to himself he
profited much from its perusal. 
Travels in the Philippines by Dr.
Feodor Jagor
1. keen observations of the
defects of Spanish colonization
2. prophecy that someday Spain
would lose the Philippines and
America would succeed as her
colonizer
3rd Year…

only one medal in

Latin

“I returned
dissatisfied to my
home town…”
your name
4th Year…
Fr. Francisco Sanchez
“a model of rectitude, a
solicitude, and love for
the student, and his
studied mathematics,
rhetoric, and Greek”

obtained five medals

your name
Last Year…
• Fr. Vilaclara and Fr.
Mineves
• highest grades in all
subjects

Bachelor of Arts with

highest honors (16
years old) your name
 EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
(ATENEO)

Marian Congregation
religious society
active member (secretary)
academic brilliance and
devotion to Our Lady
piety and good scholarship
 Academy of Spanish
Literature
 Academy of Natural
Sciences
exclusive societies
Ateneans gifted in literature
and sciences
Don Augustin Saez
drawing and painting,
Romualdo de Jesus
sculpture
 Our Virgin Mary on batikuling
 Jesuit fathers impressed
 Fr. Lleonart asked to carve
Sacred Heart of Jesus
 boarding students placed in on
the door of dormitory and
remained for nearly 20 years
 AT THE UNIVERSITY OF
SANTO TOMAS
 After graduating from Ateneo,
he enrollled in courses in
 Philosophy and letters
 Surveying and agriculture
 Before 21 yrs. Old he completed
surveyor and expert assessor’s
course with a grade of “excellent”
 He take up medicine at the UST
 To treat the failing eyesight of his
mother.

The academic freedom that he

enjoyed while in Ateneo was
dampened by prejudicial
limitations at the University.
 His general average was
creditable but he found the
classroom inadequate for his
academic curiosity.
 Paciano advised him to go to
Europe to broaden his
perspective and seek outlets for
his talents.
 Prodded by his growing
sense of nationalism, Rizal
had also thought of going
to Europe to seek more
knowledge of western
wisdom and opportunity.
 They seemed to have
made a secret agreement
on what Rizal was to
accomplish abroad with
the moral and financial
support of Paciano.
 In his first letter to his brother,
Paciano implied references to their
previous understanding that
besides continuing his studies,
Jose had an important mission-
something he (Jose) was most
interested in and to which Paciano
was committed- to find ways by
which he (jose) could help the
Filipino cause.
 Education in Europe
 Rizal left for Europe aboard
the ss “Salvadora” on May
3, 1882 and arrived
Barcelona by the middle of
June.
 After a few months he moved to
Madrid because medical
education was reported cheaper
there.
 He followed a systematic and
well organized schedule of study
because he wanted to learn so
much within a short time.
 He enrolled to the Central
University of Madrid for the
licentiate in medicine.
 To further acquire wisdom
and culture, he enrolled in
philosophy and letters.
 To enhance his artistic talents
he also took up lessons in
painting and sculpture at the
Academia de Bellas Artes de
San Fernando, as well as
lessons in French and German
at the Ateneo de Madrid.
 During his free hours, he
attended lectures and
frequented the theater.
 Althought time was limited for
the numerous studies of Rizal,
he acquired proficiency in
various fields of learning, in two
years.
 By June 21, 1884, his
assiduous devotion to his
studies yielded its first fruit.
 He completed the course for
the licentiate in medicine.
With satisfactory grades.
 The next year he proceeded to
doctorate in medicine but he
did not submit thesis.
 The degree of Doctor of
Medicine was conferred on him
post-humously in 1961 during
the centenary of his birth.
 In 1885 he received his
licentiate in philosophy and
letters which entitled him to a
university professorship.
 He went back to Paris for
advanced studies in
ophthalmology.
 Together with other foreigners, he
worked as an assistant in the
clinic of Dr. Louis de Weker, a
leading French ophthalmologist.
 After four months of concentrated
study he learned the medical
techniques of an eye operation.
 His limited allowance and
his desire to learn more
about eye ailments
prompted him to go to
Germany where the cost of
living was cheap.
 He practiced in a hospital of
Heidelberg under the
supervision of the hospital
director himself, Dr. Otto
Becker, a renowned German
Doctor.
 Rizal proceeded to Berlin
where he worked as an
assistant in the clinics of Dr.
Schultzer and Dr. Xavier
Galezowski, eminent
German ophthalmologists.
 Rizal’s observation in
Europe opened his mind
to the imperative needs
of his country and the
ways that meet these
needs.
Refernces:

 Atutubo, J. et al. (2018). “Jose Rizal: Social Reformer and Patriot, A

study of his life and times”. Rex Book Store.

 Estella, J. et al. (2018). “The Life and Works of Jose Rizal”. C&E
Publishing, Inc.

 https://www.scribd.com/doc/68182467/Rizal-Life-Works-Writings-
Summary-1
Activity 5: Infographic of Rizal’s Life

 Group. Pick one aspect of Rizal’s life (e.g.

1. Family, 2. Childhood and Early
Education, 3. Higher Education and 4. Life
Abroad, 5. Exile, Trial and Death etc.)
research further and create an infographic.
 Activity 6: Group. Map Rizal’s Travel (Choose1)

 Rizal’s travel from the Philippines to Madrid

 Rizal’s travel around Europe
 Paris to Germany
 Travel with his friend Maximo Viola; and
 Rizal’s Second Sojourn
 Instruction :
 If the internet connection is available, download the Google
Earth application in your laptops. Using this app, mark and visit
the different places that Rizal was able to explore during his
travel to Europe using street view, tools, and mark functions.
 If the internet connection or Google Earth is not available, you
may map Rizal’s travels manually. Print three maps in an A3
size paper: 1 world map, 1 map for Europe, and 1 map for North
America. Manually trace the travels of Rizal through these 3
maps. You may also paste images of the known tourist sites
from these places.
 Activity 7: Jose Rizal The Movie

 Describe the life of Jose Rizal as represented

in the film.
 What is the main question that the film seeks
to answer?
Activity 8: Influencers in my Life

 Reflect on the importance of influencers in an

individual’s life. Who are the most influential
people in your life? How did they affect your
outlook about different aspects of your personal,
academic, and even social life? Can a person live
without the influence of others?