Personality, Perception and

Learning – Part 2
Chapters 2 & 3

Stelian Medianu, Ph.D.

Questions in today’s lecture
Personality
 What is personality and how is it relevant for organizational behaviour? Part 1

Perception
 What is perception?
Part 2
 How do we perceive ourselves and others?
 What are some of the basic biases in person perception?
Learning
 What is learning?
Part 3
 What do employees learn?
 How do people learn?
Introduction to Perception

World-famous violinist Joshua Bell, disguised as a street musician, in a Washington Metro station.
What is Perception?

 The process of interpreting the messages of our senses to provide order and meaning to the
environment.
What is Perception?

Perception has three components

Questions in today’s lecture
Personality
 What is personality and how is it relevant for organizational behaviour?
Perception
 What is perception?
 How do we perceive ourselves and others?
 What are some of the basic biases in person perception?
Learning
 What is learning?
 What do employees learn?
 How do people learn?
How do we perceive ourselves and others?

Social Identity Theory

Canadian
Athletic

Optimistic Canucks fan

Who am I?
Adventurous Woman

Engineer
Well-organized
How do we perceive ourselves and others?

Social Identity Theory

Canadian
Athletic

Optimistic Canucks fan

Who am I?
Adventurous Woman

Engineer
Well-organized

Personal Identity Social Identity

How do we perceive ourselves and others?

 What would you say about these people?

We also form perceptions of others based on their membership in social categories.

How do we perceive ourselves and others?

Bruner’s Model of the Perceptual Process

Characteristics of the Perceptual Process

Bruner’s model demonstrates three important characteristics of the perceptual process:

 Perception is selective
 Perceptual constancy
 Perceptual consistency
Questions in today’s lecture
Personality
 What is personality and how is it relevant for organizational behaviour?
Perception
 What is perception?
 How do we perceive ourselves and others?
 What are some of the basic biases in person perception?
Learning
 What is learning?
 What do employees learn?
 How do people learn?
What are some of the basic biases in person
perception?
 Primacy and recency effects
 Reliance on central traits
 Projection
 Stereotyping
What are some of the basic biases in person
perception?
 The first and last impressions
Primacy and recency effects
count!
 Reliance on central traits
 Projection Example:
 Stereotyping
Primacy effect during the
employment interview
What are some of the basic biases in person
perception?
 The first and last impressions
Primacy and recency effects
count!
 Reliance on central traits
 Projection Example:
 Stereotyping
Recency effect during
performance appraisal
What are some of the basic biases in person
perception?
 Primacy and recency effects
 People tend to organize their
Reliance on central traits
perceptions around central traits.
 Projection
 Stereotyping Example: Attractiveness
What are some of the basic biases in person
perception?
 Primacy and recency effects
 Reliance on central traits
The tendency for perceivers to
 Projection attribute their own thoughts and
 Stereotyping feelings to others.

Example: warehouse manager

projecting on employees
What are some of the basic biases in person
perception?
 Primacy and recency effects
 Reliance on central traits
 Projection
The tendency to generalize about
 Stereotyping people in a social category and
ignore variations among them.

Example:
This is the end of ‘Part 2’.

Once you are ready to continue with the lecture, please watch ‘Part 3’.