Algorithm

Writing a logical step-by-step method to solve the problem is called

the algorithm. In other words, an algorithm is a procedure for
solving problems. In order to solve a mathematical or computer
problem, this is the first step in the process.

An algorithm includes calculations, reasoning, and data processing.

Algorithms can be presented by natural languages, pseudocode, and
flowcharts, etc.
Flowchart
A flowchart is the graphical or pictorial representation of
an algorithm with the help of different symbols, shapes, and
arrows to demonstrate a process or a program. With
algorithms, we can easily understand a program. The main
purpose of using a flowchart is to analyze different
methods. Several standard symbols are applied in a
flowchart:
Terminal Box - Start / End (or)

Input / Output

Process / Instruction

Decision

Connector / Arrow
The symbols above represent different parts of a flowchart.
The process in a flowchart can be expressed through boxes
and arrows with different sizes and colors. In a flowchart,
we can easily highlight certain elements and the
relationships between each part.
Example1: Sum: To display total of two numbers

Start

Input x,y

Sum = x + y

Display SUM

End
Example 2: Convert Temperature from Fahrenheit (℉) to Celsius (℃)

Start
Algorithm:
Step 1: Read temperature in Fahrenheit,
Step 2: Calculate temperature with formula Read F
C=5/9*(F-32),
Step 3: Print C. C=5/9*(F-32)

Print C

End
Example 3: Determine Whether A Student Passed the Exam or Not:

 Algorithm:
Step 1: Input grades of 4 courses M1, M2,
M3 and M4.
Step 2: Calculate the average grade with
formula "Grade=(M1+M2+M3+M4)/4“.
Step 3: If the average grade is less than 60,
print "FAIL", else print "PASS".
 Start

Input
M1,M2,M3,M4

Grade= (M1+M2+M3+M4)/4

Yes No
If Grade<60

Print “ Fail“ Print “ Pass“

End