Understanding Culture,

Society & Politics

5 MINUTE READING ACTIVITY
Give words that are connected to the word below:

Society

Culture
 Demonstrates curiosity
and an openness to
explore the origins and
dynamics of culture &
society, political identities
CONCEPT OF
SOCIETY
CULTURE & SOCIETY ARE
COMPLEXLY RELATED.

AS SOCIETY CHANGES,
CULTURE FOLLOWS.
MEANING OF SOCIETY

derived Latin : “SOCIETAS” from socius

which means companion or associate.
MEANING OF SOCIETY
A society is a group of people with common territory,
interaction, and culture.

It is a group of people living together in a definite

territory, having sense of belongingness, mutually
interdependent of each other and follow a certain way
of life.
MEANING OF SOCIETY

The important aspect of society is the

system of relationships, the pattern of the
norms of interaction by which the
members of the society maintain
themselves.
 REASONS PEOPLE LIVE TOGETHER AS A
SOCIETY:

FOR SURVIVAL FEELING OF SPECIALIZATION

GREGARIOUSNESS

This is the desire of people to Teachers, businessman,

The care, support and be with other people especially students, physicians
protection given to of their own culture. organize themselves into
members of society is societies or organization to
the most important People flock together for promote and protect their
factors for survival emotional warmth and own professions.
belongingness.
TYPES OF SOCIETY

ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC AND

MATERIAL SYSTEM

ACCORDING TO EVOLUTIONARY
VIEW

ACCORDING TO PEOPLE’S
SUBSISTENCE
ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC AND
MATERIAL SYSTEM

PRE-CLASS SOCIETIES

THEY ARE CHARACTERIZED BY

COMMUNAL OWNERSHIP OF PROPERTY
AND DIVISION OF LABOR

EXAMPLE: EARLIEST CLANS AND TRIBES

ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC AND
MATERIAL SYSTEM

ASIATIC SOCIETIES

THE PEOPLE ARE ECONOMICALLY SELF-

SUFFICIENT BUT THEIR LEADERS ARE
DESPOTIC AND POWERFUL

EX. ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL

ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC AND
MATERIAL SYSTEM

ANCIENT SOCIETIES
CHARACTERIZED BY PRIVATE LAND
OWNERSHIP.
THE RICH OWNED BIG TRACT OF PRIVATE
PROPERTIES WHILE THE POOR WORKED
AS LABORERS.

WEALTH IS LIMITED TO RICH PEOPLE.

ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC AND
MATERIAL SYSTEM

FEUDAL SOCIETIES
THE ARISTOCRATS (FEUDAL LORDS)
OWNED WEALTH OF THE COUNTRY DUE
TO THIER OWNERSHIP OF BIG TRACT OF
THE LANDS.

PEASANTS WORKED ON THE LANDS

ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC AND
MATERIAL SYSTEM

CAPITALIST SOCIETIES
TWO CLASSES OF SOCIETIES EXISTED:
• BOURGEOISE (PROPERTY OWNER)
- OWNED THE CAPITAL

• PLORETARIAT (LABORERS)
ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC AND
MATERIAL SYSTEM

DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES

CHARACTERIZED BY FREE ENTERPRISE

WHERE PEOPLE ARE FREE TO ENGAGE IN
ANY LAWFUL BUSINESS FOR PROFIT AND
GAIN
ACCORDING TO EVOLUTIONARY
VIEW

SIMPLE SOCIETIES
PREDOMINANTLY SMALL, NOMADIC AND
LEADERSHIP IS UNSTABLE

PEOPLE HAVE NO SPECIALIZATION OF

SKILLS THUS THEY LIVE IN A SIMPLE
LIFE.
ACCORDING TO EVOLUTIONARY
VIEW

COMPOUND SOCIETIES
TWO OR MORE SIMPLE SOCIETIES MERGED TO
FORM A NEW AND BIGGER SOCIETY

PREDOMINANTLY SETTLED AS AGRICULTURAL

SOCIETIES AND TENDED BY A DIVISION OF
FOUR OR FIVE SOCIAL CLASSES
ACCORDING TO EVOLUTIONARY
VIEW

DOUBLY COMPOUND SOCIETIES

COMPLETELY INTEGRATED, MORE DEFINITE IN

POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS STRUCTURE AND
MORE COMPLEX DIVISION OF LABOR

PROGRESS IN INFRASTRUCTURE AND

KNOWLEDGE IN ARTS HAD TAKEN PLACE
ACCORDING TO EVOLUTIONARY
VIEW

MILITANT SOCIETIES
CHARACTERIZED BY THE FF:
-EXISTENCE OF MILITARY ORGANIZATION & MILITARY
RANK
-INDIVIDUAL LIVES AND PRIVATE POSSESSIONS ARE AT
THE DISPOSAL OF THE STATE
-RECREATION & MOVEMENTS ARE REGULATED BY THE
STATES (INDIVIDUALS EXIST TO SERVE THE STATE)
ACCORDING TO EVOLUTIONARY
VIEW

INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES
CHARACTERIZED BY THE FF:
-PEOPLE ELECT THEIR REPRESENTATIVES TO PROTECT
THE INDIVIDUALS
-FREEDOM OF BELIEF, RELIGION, PRODUCTION OF
INDUSTRIAL GOODS EXISTS
-DISPUTES AND GRIEVANCES ARE SETTLED THROUGH
PEACEFUL ARBITRATION
-INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS ARE BEING PROTECTED
ACCORDING TO PEOPLE’S
SUBSISTENCE

HUNTER & GATHERING

SOCIETIES
-SUBSISTENCE THROUGH HUNTING AND
FRUIT PICKING
-TOOLS WERE MADE OF STONES, WOOD,
AND BONES
-NOMADIC
ACCORDING TO PEOPLE’S
SUBSISTENCE

HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES

-SUBSISTENCE THROUGH PLANTING OF

PLANTS AND SEEDS
ACCORDING TO PEOPLE’S
SUBSISTENCE

PASTORAL SOCIETIES

-NOMADIC WHO FOLLOW THIER HERDS IN

QUEST OF ANIMALS

-RELATIVELY SMALL, WANDERING

SOCIETIES ORGANIZED IN MALE-
CENTERED KINSHIP GROUPS
ACCORDING TO PEOPLE’S
SUBSISTENCE

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES

PEOPLE USED PLOWS IN FOOD

PRODUCTION

IRRIGATION FARMING WAS INTRODUCED

ACCORDING TO PEOPLE’S
SUBSISTENCE

INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES

SOCIETIES BEGUN IN 18TH CENTURY

DURING INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

CHARACTERIZED BY THE USE OF

MACHINES AS MEANS OF FOOD
PRODUCTIONS
ACCORDING TO PEOPLE’S
SUBSISTENCE

POST-INDUSTRIAL
SOCIETIES
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY IS THE HALLMARK OF
THESE SOCIETY
 ACTIVITY
USING AN APPROPRIATE
GRAPHIC ORGANIZER,
COMPARE THREE TYPES
OF SOCIETIES.