AMERICAN

PERIOD
(1898-1941)
 ADVANCEMENTS IN EDUCATION
AND CULTURE

The introduction of free instruction for

all children of school age
The use of English as medium of
instruction in all levels of education in
public schools.
 FOUNDED SCHOOLS/
UNIVERSITIES IN THE PHILIPPINES

• 1901
–Philippine Normal College (now PNU)
–National University
–Silliman University
–El Colegio de San Beda (now SBU)
• 1902
–Negros Oriental High school
–Ilo-ilo Normal School
• 1904
–St. Paul University
–Filamer Christian University
–Zamboanga Normal School
–Escuela de Farmacia del Liceo de Manila (now MCU)
• 1905
–Central Philippine University
• 1908
–University of the Philippines
• 1914
–University of Manila
• 1915
–Cebu Normal School
• 1919
–Philippine Women’s University
–Jose Rizal University
• 1925
–Mapua Institute of Technology
• 1933
–Far Eastern University
• 1938
–Arellano University
• 1941
–San Sebastian College –Recoletos
 Short Stories
• Dead Stars was the first short story written in English by
Paz Marquez Benitez.
• The Small Key was written by Paz Latorena.
• Footnote to Youth was written by Jose Garcia Villa.
 Newspapers
• El Nuevo Dia (The New Day) -Established by Sergio
Osmena in 1900.
• El Grito Del Pueblo (The Call of the Nation) - Established
by Pascual Poblete in 1900.
• El Renacimiento (The Rebirth) - Founded by Rafael
Palma in 1901.
 Plays
• Kahapon, Ngayon, at Bukas (Yesterday, Today and
Tomorrow) written by Aurelio Tolentino
• Tanikalang Ginto of Juan Abad
• Malaya by Tomas Remigio
• Walang Sugat by Severino Reyes
 The
Characteristics
and Features of
the American
Period
 Zarsuelas

The theme was no longer about Christians and

Muslims but between Filipinos and Spaniards in
the first period of the American regime.
 Tagalog Prose Fiction
“Salawahang Pag-ibig” by Lope K. Santos,
“Pagsintang Naluoy” by Modesto Santiago and
“Unang Bulaklak” by Valeriano Hernandez
 Writers of these prose were emotional; they chose more for romantic
adventures than for flaming issues of the day.
 Novel
“Banaag at Sikat,” which was written by Lope K.
Santos, is one of the renowned novels during this
era.
 The Three Periods That Emerged During
American Period

The Period of Reorientation (1898-

1910)
The Period of Imitation (1910-1924)
Period of Self-Discovery and Growth
(1925-1941)
JAPANESE
PERIOD
(1941-1945)
Freedom of speech was prohibited as well.
This period encouraged Tagalog writing.
Most poems centered on nationalism, love and
life.
 Voice of Freedom, served as the only contact of
Filipinos with the outside world.
Movie houses showing American films were
closed.

Filipino literature was given a break during

this period.
 Three Types of Poems
Haiku- 5-7-5
Tanaga- 7-7-7-7
Karaniwang anyo
 The Filipino Drama During the Japanese
Period
• Many of the plays were reproductions of
English plays to Tagalog
• The translators were Francisco Soc Rodrigo,
Alberto Concio, and Narciso Pimentel. They
also founded the organization of Filipino
players named Dramatic Philippines.
 A few playwrights and their well-known
plays were:
• Jose Ma. Hernandez
– wrote “Panday Pira”
• Francisco Soc Rodrigo
– wrote “Sa pula, sa Puti”
• Clodualdo del Mundo
– wrote “Bulaga” (an expression in the game
Hide and Seek).
• Julian Cruz Balmaceda
– wrote “Sino ba Kayo? Dahil sa Anak, and Higante
ng Patay.”
 `

Thank you!