Pre-Driving orientation for

motorcycle (DL Code A)

Pertinent Laws and Regulation in riding a
motorcycle

 No driver/rider shall operate a motorcycle or

scooter while under the influence of liquor or
narcotic drug. The driver/rider shall not use a
cellular phone or other gadgets while operating a
motorcycle or scooter. A driver/rider shall observe
the rule and on one lane per one vehicle only.
 Top box rule

 A top box specifically designed for two-wheelers

and is approved by the Department of Trade and
Industry (DTI) “may not be subject for inspection,
registration, or apprehension” provided that the
said box attached securely to the motorcycle and
has a maximum capacity of two full-faced
helmets.
 Saddle bag/box rule

A saddle bag or box that is also specifically

designed for motorcycles and approved by the
DTI may also not be the subject of inspection,
registration, or apprehension given that the
accessory is also securely attached to the
motorcycle and that it is not installed higher
than the seat of the motorcycle.
RA 10666

 UnderRepublic Act 10666 or Children's Safety on

Motorcycles Act of 2015, two-wheeled
motorcycle riders may not be allowed to drive a
motorcycle with a small child on board.
 Auxiliary headlamps installation rule

 The guidelines cover the installation, angle, and direction for mounting of auxiliary lights.
They are as follows.
1. Auxiliary LED lights should have separate wiring and a separate switch from the main
headlight.
2. Auxiliary LED lights should be pointed downwards and not towards the left side of the
road.
3. Auxiliary LED lights should only be white or yellowish in color.
4. Auxiliary LED lights should be placed/ installed where it will not be affected by the
motorcycle's vibration.
5. Auxiliary LED lights should not be used in well-lighted areas or if there is an oncoming
vehicle.
6. Only two (2) auxiliary LED lights are permitted.
7. The LTO permits up to six (6) bulbs per auxiliary LED light.
8. The auxiliary LED light's beam should be pointed 20 centimeters downward and up to
10 meters ahead only.
9. Auxiliary LED lights should not be placed on any position above the motorcycle's
handlebars.
10. Auxiliary LED lights cannot be used as a replacement for the motorcycle's stock
headlights.
Types of Motorcycle

 DL Code A refers to the license code reserved for drivers

who want to drive motorcycles. This code covers any
motorcycle model in the Philippines (e.g., Mio, Aerox,
NMax, Smash, Barako, etc.), as well as all types of
transmissions, from Automatic to Semi-automatic and
Manual transmissions.
Types of Motorcycle

 The bike comes with a built-in computer that automatically shifts gears
and the clutch based on riding conditions. Most automatic makes and
models use a dual-clutch system for a smoother ride.
 Semi-automatic motorcycle transmissions generally omit the clutch
lever, but retain the conventional heel-and-toe foot shift lever. Semi-
automatic motorcycle transmissions are based on conventional
sequential manual transmissions and typically use a centrifugal clutch.
 Manual motorcycles come with a pedal for selecting gears. It's usually
located on the left side in front of the footrest. The clutch lever is
located on the left handlebar. You will need to manually shift gears and
Essential components of motorcycle

Wheels
 A motorcycle’s wheels carry the vehicle’s weight, rider,
pillion, and luggage load. The rims are often spoked or
alloy. Spoked wheels are common dirt bikes and vintage
motorcycles. Alloy wheels are common on most street
bikes and high-performance machines for their high-
speed stability and ease of manufacturing.
Tires
 Tires are the only link between the rider and the road and
ensure a solid grip on the terrain. Manufacturers
recommend changing your motorcycle’s tires every five
years, regardless of signs of wear. Tires consist of several
layers, multiple compounds, and interwoven materials.
They are durable and can withstand rocks, potholes, and
uneven road surfaces.
Suspension
 A motorcycle’s suspension uses a combination of springs
and dampers to isolate the rider and chassis from surface
imperfections. Front forks and rear shock absorbers
support all the bike’s sprung weight. They work to
minimize the effect of bumps, potholes, cornering,
acceleration, and deceleration forces. The dampening of
the shock absorbers also allows the wheel to maintain
proper contact with the road.
Engine
 At the beating heart of every motorcycle is its engine. It is
responsible for providing power to the rear wheel and, in the case of
internal combustion engines, is filled by gasoline. They consist of
pistons, a cylinder block, cylinder head, crankshaft gearbox, and
much more. Motorcycle engines are often either two-stroke or four-
stroke. Their classification depends primarily on three characteristics:
the number of cylinders, cubic capacity, or the number of power
strokes per revolution of the crankshaft.
Exhaust System
 A motorcycle’s exhaust system conveys harmful gasses
from the engine’s combustion chamber, with many
systems filtering gasses via a catalytic
converter. Depending on the number of cylinders, an
exhaust system may consist of a number of header pipes
and silencers.
Brakes
 Brakes are responsible for slowing the motorcycle or
bringing it to a complete stop. Brakes range anywhere
from dual calipers, single calipers, radial mounted, axial
mounted, hydraulic, cable operated, and so much
more. There are two basic types of brake systems,
calipers, and drums. One is responsible for the front
wheel and the other for the rear.
Gas Tank
 The role of the gas tank is to store the fuel necessary to
power the motorcycle’s engine. An average size gas tank
can hold between 3-6 gallons. Miles per gallon will
depend on many factors, including the engine’s cubic
capacity, environment, motorcycle type and usage, and
riding style.
Frame
 The backbone of a motorcycle is its frame, and for
production, motorcycles are either steel or
aluminum. Some exotic motorcycles even use
carbon fiber. The frame provides the base for the
bike’s components, including the rear suspension,
steering, engine, gas tank, and battery.
 Common dashboard instrument

Speedometer
 This shows the speed the vehicle is travelling in miles per hour and kilometer per hour.

Trip meter
 Also usually housed within the speedometer. It may be set to zero to record the distance on each trip.

Ignition lamp
 This light comes on when you switch on the ignition. It should go out when the engine is running. If it
doesn’t this shows a problem with the battery charging system.
Neutral lamp
 This light glows to tell you that the gear selector is in the neutral position.

High beam lamp

 This indicates when your headlamp is on high beam.
Temperature gauge
 This is fitted to motorcycles with liquid-cooled engines. It shows the
coolant temperature and warns if the engine is overheating.
Directional Indicators and Hazard Warning Light symbols
 If you are signalling to the left, the left directional arrow will flash green
to inform you that your left signal indicator lights are flashing. The
opposite being for the right signal. Both lights will flash and all four
direction indicators will flash when the hazard warning lights are
activated.
Common Switches

 Ignition button
 Horn button
 Turn indicator switch
 Headlight beam switch
 Engine kill switch
 Hazard lights button
 Day flasher / pass switch