Bishnoi Movement

The Bishnoi community started the Bishnoi

movement in the 1700s in Rajasthan about 260
years ago. Upon the orders of the Maharaja of
Jodhpur, trees were to be cut down to build a new
palace. Thus, a group of 84 villages led by a
woman named Amrita Devi Bishnoi confronted
the King of Jodhpur and put their lives at stake.
The movement was relatively successful as the
king was forced to take back the royal decree of
cutting down trees and promised protection of the
environmental surroundings of the region.
Chipko Movement
Chipko movement, nonviolent social and
ecological movement by rural villagers,
particularly women, in India in the 1970s, aimed
at protecting trees and forests slated for
government-backed logging. The movement
originated in the Himalayan region of
Uttarakhand (then part of Uttar Pradesh) in
1973 and quickly spread throughout the Indian
Himalayas. The Hindi word chipko means “to
hug”
The Silent valley is an evergreen tropical
forest in the Palakkad district of Kerala,
India. The Silent Valley Movement was an
environmental movement against the state to
protect the Silent valley. It was a landmark
environmental movement that began in 1973.
The protest was in response to the proposed
construction of a hydroelectric dam across
the Kunthipuzha River. The river ran through
the Silent Valley, a region of dense tropical
forest home to a diverse range of flora and
fauna.
Jungle Bachao Andolan
The Jungle Bachao Andolan (JBA) was a significant
environmental movement that emerged in the early
1980s. The Jungle Bachao Andolan movement is
believed to have originated in Bihar (now Jharkhand). It
then gradually expanded to other states, such as Odisha.
It is popularly known as Jharkhand Jungle Bachao
Andolan.
The movement aimed to protect the environment and
the rights of indigenous people from the impacts of the
commercial projects being proposed in the region.
Through its four pillars, viz., the Gram Sabha, Forest
Protection Committees, Women's Cooperatives, and
Youth Forums, the JJBA aimed to empower local
communities. It encouraged them to engage in activities
related to forest management and conservation.
The Appiko Movement was a significant forest-based environmental movement
back in 1983 in India. The movement took place in Karnataka’s Uttara Kannada
and Shimoga districts and was inspired by the Chipko Movement. This ecological
Appiko Movement aimed to spread awareness about the danger of commercial
and industrial interests in the forests of the villagers of the Western Ghats. The
Appiko Andolan used a wide spectrum of approaches to increase awareness,
including folk dances, street dramas, interior forests, and ground rallies during
slide presentations.
The story of the Appiko Movement is that the forest department had been
encouraging monoculture farms of teak after clear-felling the current mixed semi-
evergreen woods for several decades. Salkani men, ladies, and children
“hugged the trees” in Kalase forest in September 1983. This article
explains the Appiko Movement, and its leaders, along with objectives and
Sustainable Measures of Appiko Andolan.
Narmada Bachao Andolan
The Narmada River flows through the states of Gujarat,
Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra. The Narmada Bachao
Andolan (NBA) is an Indian social movement opposing a
number of large-scale dam proposals across this river. It is led
by local tribal people (adivasis), farmers, environmentalists,
and human rights activists. One of the largest dams on the
river is the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat, which served as
one of the movement’s early focus points.

It is a component of the Narmada Dam Project, whose primary

goals are to give the residents of the aforementioned states
access to irrigation and electricity. Campaign tactics used by
NBA include judicial actions, hunger strikes, rallies, and
enlisting the support of well-known figures in the film and art
worlds.
Tehri Dam Conflict
The Tehri Dam has been a controversial dam ever since its
establishment. Various environmental organisations and
local people have protested against the dam. There was
even an Anti-Tehri Dam Struggle Committee that
highlighted the consequences of this project.
Virendra Dutt Saklani was the founder of this committee.
The anti-Tehri Dam movement began around the 1980s
and continued till 2004. It was led by Sunderlal Bahuguna,
who was an environmental activist.
The main concern was that the construction of the town
would lead to the displacement of the inhabitants of the
village and damage the ecosystem, which was already weak.
Thus, the human rights concerns along with the
environmental consequences were the main issue.
DONE BY 1.Mounik
2.Raghav
3.Aashay
4.Praneeth
5.Vijay