LESSON 2B

Society, Its Nature and Dynamics

 CONTENTS OF THIS LESSON
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
1.Define important concepts such as society, theoretical
paradigm, and social group.
2.Discuss the different social paradigms.
3.Identify the factors that hold the society together.
4.Explain how a social group becomes a society.
5.Appreciate the contributions of social scientist in the better
understanding of society and social behavior.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 02
Definition of the Theoretical Classifications of Theoretical
Paradigm Paradigms

03 04
Definitions, Orign, and When is a Social Group a
Dynamics of Society Society?

05
What Holds the Society
Together?
 INTRODUCTIO
N
The most intriguing, if not the most important being on the
surface of the earth is the human being. Human being learned
that only through association and interaction with one another
can they expect to survie and satisfy their various needs.

Thus, human beings formed social groups, social organization,

and social institutions. In short, human being bind together and
formed groups for their mutual support and protection.
 01
Definition of the
Theoretical
Paradigm
Theoretical
Paradigm
A theoretical paradigm is a
scientific discourse, an empirical
approach, proposition, viewpoint or
explanation on why or how certain
obserable phenomena do happen.
 02
Classification of
Theoretical
Paradigms
 Literature on
theoretical
perspectives gives
the following general
approaches or
paradigms about
society and social
behavior.
 A. The Evolutionary Paradigm
This paradigm proposes that societies, like
biological organisms, undergo different stages
of growth and development, from simple-
primitive archaic society to complex-modern
society.

The natural selection process enable the strong

societies to survive and the weak ones to perish.
B. Structural-Functional Paradigm
This paradigm envisions society as a
complex system whose parts work
together to promote solidarity and
stability.

It views society as organized network

of cooperating groups operating in an
orderly manner according to generally
accepted social norms.
 C. Social-Conflict Paradigm
This paradigm envisions society as an area
of inequality that generates conflict and
change. It highlights division or
opposition based on inequality.

Factors such as social class, race, ethnicity,

sex and age are linked to unequal
distributions of wealth, power and
social prestige.
 D. Symbolic-Interaction
Paradigm
This paradigm envisions society as
the product of the everyday inter-
actions of individuals.

Society arises as shared reality that

its members construct as they
interact with one another.
 03
Definitions, Origin,
and Dynamics of
Society
Etymologically, society is derived
from the Latin word “socious”
meaning “companion” or
“associate.”

Thus, society consists of people

who are in constant association,
socialization and interaction with
one another on the basis of some
social criteria and norms of
behavior.
In their books, Modern Society,
John and Mais Biesing (1956)
define society as “a group of
people that shares a common
culture.”
This definition is in accord with
the Symbolic-Interaction
Paradigm.
Talcott
Persons
Difines society as “a total
complex of human
interralationship in so far as
they grow out of the action in
terms of means-end
relationship.”
George
Douglas Cole
Who defines society “as
the complex of organized
associations and
institutions within a
community”
Auguste Compte &
Herbert Spencer
Defintion of society as “a
social organism” more or
less approximates the
Evolutionary Paradigm.
Ferdinand
Toennies
When he posits a typology
of “society as gemeinschaft
and gesselschaft” or the
rural-urban continuum in
the evolutionary process of
society.
Vilfredo Pareto
Defintion of society as
“a social system in
dynamic equlibrium.”
 04
When is a Social
Group a
Society?

Social group sharing a
common culture and sense of
common identity in a
community is a society
1 3
Societal grouping ca be ethnic
identity and loyalty, dialect or
language, religious or political
affiliation, regional or national
identity, cultural orientations.
advocated by the capitalists
2
An emerging concept of
society, the dominant-
dependent societies as an
offshoot of the trend
towards globalization
technologically advanced
nations.
 05
What Holds the
Society
Together?
The member of the society interact
more with one another than with
members of other societies. They
share more values in common. They
have a sense of common identity,
group consciousness and group
loyalty.
 THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
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