Causes of Absenteeism

• Maladjustment at Work place

• Unhealthy working conditions
• Social and religious ceremonies
• Industrial fatigue
• Absence or Inadequate welfare facilities
• Alchoholism
• Inadequate leave facilities
• Age
• Absence of housing and transport facilities
• Management systems
• Rural ties
• Indebtedness
 Authorized absenteeism
• If an employee absents himself/ herself from
work by taking permission from his superior
and applying for leave, such absenteeism is
called authorised absenteeism.
 Unauthorized Absenteeism:
• If an employee absents himself from work
without informing or taking permission and
without applying for leave, such absenteeism
is called unauthorised absenteeism.
 Willful Absenteeism:

• If an employee absents himself from duty

willfully, such absenteeism is called willful
absenteeism
 Absenteeism Caused by Circumstances Beyond
One’s Control:

• If an employee absents himself from duty

owing to the circumstances beyond his control
like involvement in accidents or sudden
sickness, such absenteeism is called
absenteeism caused by circumstances beyond
one’s control.
 Entrepreneurs
• This class of absentees considers that their
jobs are very small for their total interest and
personal goals. They engage themselves in
other social and economic activities to fulfill
their goals.
 The Status Seekers
• This type of absentees enjoys or perceives a
higher ascribed social status and is keen on
maintaining it.
 The Epicureans
• This class of absentees does not like to take up
the jobs which demand initiative,
responsibility, discipline and discomfort. They
wish to have money, power, and status but are
unwilling to work for their achievement
 Family-Oriented
• This type of absentees is often identified with
the family activities.
 The Sick and Old
• This category of absentees is mostly
unhealthy, with a weak constitution or old
people.
 Effect of Absenteeism
• Quality of workers suffers because the causal
workers employed to maintain work schedules
are not properly trained.
• Work pressure on available and present
employees increases.
• Repairs and maintenance costs increases due to
frequent breakdown of machinery by
inexperienced workers
• Incidents of industrial accidents increase
• Workers lose wages for unauthorized absence
from duty
 Effect of Absenteeism
Excessive absent is harmful to both employers
and workers in the following ways
• Regular flow of work in the factory is
disturbed
• Production schedules are delayed, so the
orders cannot be executed in time.
• Overall production declines
• Overtime bill increases considerably
• Reduction in earnings increases indebtedness
of workers which is further a cause of
absenteeism.
• Workers who are habitually absent may be
removed from services causing hardships to
them and their family members.
 Measure to control absenteeism
• Reasonable wage rates
• Proper working conditions
• Proper selection procedure
• Proper grievance settlement
• Prevention of accidents
• Liberal grant of leave
• Cordial relations at work
• Maintaining discipline
• Housing and transport facilities
• Effective supervision
• Incentives
• Proper records